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CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology
Published in: CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology 3/2018

01-03-2018 | Clinical Investigation

Which Criteria Applied in Multi-Phasic CT Can Predict Early Tumor Response in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated Using Conventional TACE: RECIST, mRECIST, EASL or qEASL?

Authors: Yan Zhao, Rafael Duran, Wei Bai, Sonia Sahu, Wenjun Wang, Sven Kabus, MingDe Lin, Guohong Han, Jean-François Geschwind

Published in: CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology | Issue 3/2018

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Abstract

Purpose

Our study aimed to evaluate quantitative tumor response assessment (quantitative EASL-[qEASL]) on computed tomography (CT) images in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated using conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE), compared to existing 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional methods (RECIST, mRECIST, EASL).

Materials and Methods

In this IRB-approved, single-institution retrospective cohort study, 52 consecutive patients with intermediate-stage HCC were consecutively included. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT scan at baseline and 4 weeks after cTACE.

Results

Median follow-up period was 13.5 months (range 1.2–54.1). RECIST, mRECIST and EASL identified progression in 2 (4%), 1 (2%) and 1 (2%) patients, respectively, whereas qEASL identified 10 (19%) patients. qEASL was the only tumor response method able to predict survival among different tumor response groups (P < 0.05), whereas RECIST, mRECIST and EASL did not (P > 0.05). Both EASL and qEASL were able to identify responders and non-responders and were predictive of survival (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that progression was an independent predictor of overall survival with hazard ratio of 1.9 (P = 0.025). Patients who demonstrated progression with qEASL had significantly shorter survival than those with non-progression (7.6 vs. 20.4 months, P = 0.012). Similar multivariate analysis using RECIST, mRECIST and EASL could not be performed because too few patients were categorized as progressive disease.

Conclusion

qEASL could be applied on CT images to assess tumor response following cTACE and is a more sensitive biomarker to predict survival and identify tumor progression than RECIST, mRECIST and EASL at an early time point.

Level of Evidence

Level 2a, retrospective cohort study.
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Metadata
Title
Which Criteria Applied in Multi-Phasic CT Can Predict Early Tumor Response in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated Using Conventional TACE: RECIST, mRECIST, EASL or qEASL?
Authors
Yan Zhao
Rafael Duran
Wei Bai
Sonia Sahu
Wenjun Wang
Sven Kabus
MingDe Lin
Guohong Han
Jean-François Geschwind
Publication date
01-03-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology / Issue 3/2018
Print ISSN: 0174-1551
Electronic ISSN: 1432-086X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-017-1829-4

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