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World Journal of Surgery
Published in: World Journal of Surgery 12/2011

01-12-2011

Local Anesthesia: A Strategy for Reducing Surgical Site Infections?

Authors: Jay S. Lee, Awori J. Hayanga, James J. Kubus, Henry Makepeace, Max Hutton, Darrell A. Campbell Jr., Michael J. Englesbe

Published in: World Journal of Surgery | Issue 12/2011

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Abstract

Background

Surgical site infections (SSIs) contribute to increased morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization costs. A previously unidentified factor that may reduce SSIs is the use of local anesthesia. The objective of this study was to determine if the use of local anesthesia is independently associated with a lower incidence of SSIs compared to nonlocal anesthesia.

Methods

Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (2005–2007), we identified all patients undergoing surgical procedures that could be performed using local or general anesthesia, depending on the preference of the surgeon. Logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with the use of local anesthesia. Propensity matching was then used to match local and nonlocal anesthesia cases while controlling for patient and operative characteristics. SSI rates were compared using a χ2 test.

Results

Of 111,683 patients, 1928 underwent local anesthesia; and in 109,755 cases the patients were given general anesthesia where a local anesthetic potentially could have used. In the unmatched analysis, patients with local anesthesia had a significantly lower incidence of SSIs than patients with nonlocal anesthesia (0.7 vs. 1.4%, P = 0.013). Similarly, after propensity matching, the incidence of SSIs in patients given local anesthesia was significantly lower than for that of patients given nonlocal anesthesia (0.8 vs. 1.4%, P = 0.043).

Conclusions

Use of local anesthesia is independently associated with a lower incidence of SSIs. It may provide a safe, simple approach to reducing the number of SSIs.
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Metadata
Title
Local Anesthesia: A Strategy for Reducing Surgical Site Infections?
Authors
Jay S. Lee
Awori J. Hayanga
James J. Kubus
Henry Makepeace
Max Hutton
Darrell A. Campbell Jr.
Michael J. Englesbe
Publication date
01-12-2011
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
World Journal of Surgery / Issue 12/2011
Print ISSN: 0364-2313
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2323
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-011-1298-x

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