Skip to main content
Top
Published in: World Journal of Surgery 3/2004

01-03-2004 | World Progress in Surgery

Aging and Wound Healing

Authors: Ankush Gosain, M.D., Luisa A. DiPietro, D.D.S., Ph.D.

Published in: World Journal of Surgery | Issue 3/2004

Login to get access

Abstract

Impaired wound healing in the elderly presents a major clinical and economic problem. With the aging population growing in both number and percentage, the importance of understanding the mechanisms underlying age-related impairments in healing is increased. Normal skin exhibits characteristic changes with age that have implications for wound healing. Additionally, the process of wound healing is altered in aged individuals. Although historically healing in the aged was considered defective, there is now consensus that healing in the elderly is delayed but the final result is qualitatively similar to that in young subjects.
Literature
1.
go back to reference U.S. Census Bureau. Census 2000. U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, 2000 U.S. Census Bureau. Census 2000. U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, 2000
2.
go back to reference U.S. Census Bureau. Population Projections Program, Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, 2000 U.S. Census Bureau. Population Projections Program, Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, 2000
3.
go back to reference McMahon, DJ, Schwab, CW, Kauder, D 1996Comorbidity and the elderly trauma patientWorld J. Surg.2011131119CrossRefPubMed McMahon, DJ, Schwab, CW, Kauder, D 1996Comorbidity and the elderly trauma patientWorld J. Surg.2011131119CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference DuNouy, PL 1916The relation between the age of the patient, the area of the wound, and the index of cicatrisationJ. Exp. Med.24461470 DuNouy, PL 1916The relation between the age of the patient, the area of the wound, and the index of cicatrisationJ. Exp. Med.24461470
5.
go back to reference Quirinia, A, Viidik, A 1991The influence of age on the healing of normal and ischemic incisional skin woundsMech. Ageing Dev.58221232CrossRefPubMed Quirinia, A, Viidik, A 1991The influence of age on the healing of normal and ischemic incisional skin woundsMech. Ageing Dev.58221232CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Ashcroft, GS, Horan, MA, Ferguson, MW 1997Aging is associated with reduced deposition of specific extracellular matrix components, an upregulation of angiogenesis, and an altered inflammatory response in a murine incisional wound healing modelJ. Invest. Dermatol.108430437PubMed Ashcroft, GS, Horan, MA, Ferguson, MW 1997Aging is associated with reduced deposition of specific extracellular matrix components, an upregulation of angiogenesis, and an altered inflammatory response in a murine incisional wound healing modelJ. Invest. Dermatol.108430437PubMed
7.
go back to reference Virchow, R 1860Cellular PathologyJohn ChurchillLondon Virchow, R 1860Cellular PathologyJohn ChurchillLondon
8.
go back to reference Harrist, TJ, et al. 1999The skinRubin, EFarber, JL eds. PathologyLippincott-RavenPhiladelphia12361299 Harrist, TJ,  et al. 1999The skinRubin, EFarber, JL eds. PathologyLippincott-RavenPhiladelphia12361299
9.
go back to reference Fisher, GJ, et al. 1997Pathophysiology of premature skin aging induced by ultraviolet lightN. Engl. J. Med.33714191428CrossRefPubMed Fisher, GJ,  et al. 1997Pathophysiology of premature skin aging induced by ultraviolet lightN. Engl. J. Med.33714191428CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Gilchrest, BA, Garmyn, M, Yaar, M 1994Aging and photoaging affect gene expression in cultured human keratinocytesArch. Dermatol.1308286CrossRefPubMed Gilchrest, BA, Garmyn, M, Yaar, M 1994Aging and photoaging affect gene expression in cultured human keratinocytesArch. Dermatol.1308286CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Whitton, JT, Everall, JD 1973The thickness of the epidermisBr. J. Dermatol.89467476PubMed Whitton, JT, Everall, JD 1973The thickness of the epidermisBr. J. Dermatol.89467476PubMed
12.
go back to reference Kurban, RS, Bhawan, J 1990Histologic changes in skin associated with agingJ. Dermatol. Surg. Oncol.16908914PubMed Kurban, RS, Bhawan, J 1990Histologic changes in skin associated with agingJ. Dermatol. Surg. Oncol.16908914PubMed
13.
go back to reference Gilchrest, BA, Murphy, GF, Soter, NA 1982Effect of chronologic aging and ultraviolet irradiation on Langerhans cells in human epidermisJ. Invest. Dermatol.798588PubMed Gilchrest, BA, Murphy, GF, Soter, NA 1982Effect of chronologic aging and ultraviolet irradiation on Langerhans cells in human epidermisJ. Invest. Dermatol.798588PubMed
14.
go back to reference Montagna, W, Carlisle, K 1979Structural changes in aging human skinJ. Invest. Dermatol.734753PubMed Montagna, W, Carlisle, K 1979Structural changes in aging human skinJ. Invest. Dermatol.734753PubMed
15.
go back to reference Swift, ME, et al. 2001Age-related alterations in the inflammatory response to dermal injuryJ. Invest. Dermatol.11710271035CrossRefPubMed Swift, ME,  et al. 2001Age-related alterations in the inflammatory response to dermal injuryJ. Invest. Dermatol.11710271035CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Bernstein, EF, et al. 1996Long-term sun exposure alters the collagen of the papillary dermis. Comparison of sun-protected and photoaged skin by northern analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and confocal laser scanning microscopyJ. Am. Acad. Dermatol.34209218PubMed Bernstein, EF,  et al. 1996Long-term sun exposure alters the collagen of the papillary dermis. Comparison of sun-protected and photoaged skin by northern analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and confocal laser scanning microscopyJ. Am. Acad. Dermatol.34209218PubMed
17.
go back to reference Lavker, RM, Zheng, PS, Dong, G 1987Aged skin: a study by light, transmission electron, and scanning electron microscopyJ. Invest. Dermatol.8844S51SPubMed Lavker, RM, Zheng, PS, Dong, G 1987Aged skin: a study by light, transmission electron, and scanning electron microscopyJ. Invest. Dermatol.8844S51SPubMed
18.
go back to reference Tsuchida, Y 1993The effect of aging and arteriosclerosis on human skin blood flowJ. Dermatol. Sci.5175181PubMed Tsuchida, Y 1993The effect of aging and arteriosclerosis on human skin blood flowJ. Dermatol. Sci.5175181PubMed
19.
go back to reference Gniadecka, M, Serup, J, Sondergaard, J 1994Age-related diurnal changes of dermal oedema: evaluation by high-frequency ultrasoundBr. J. Dermatol.131849855PubMed Gniadecka, M, Serup, J, Sondergaard, J 1994Age-related diurnal changes of dermal oedema: evaluation by high-frequency ultrasoundBr. J. Dermatol.131849855PubMed
20.
go back to reference Montagna, W, Carlisle, K 1990Structural changes in ageing skinBr. J. Dermatol.1226170 Montagna, W, Carlisle, K 1990Structural changes in ageing skinBr. J. Dermatol.1226170
21.
go back to reference Pochi, PE, Strauss, JS, Downing, DT 1979Age-related changes in sebaceous gland activityJ. Invest. Dermatol.73108111PubMed Pochi, PE, Strauss, JS, Downing, DT 1979Age-related changes in sebaceous gland activityJ. Invest. Dermatol.73108111PubMed
22.
go back to reference Montagna, W, Kirchner, S, Carlisle, K 1989Histology of sun-damaged human skinJ. Am. Acad. Dermatol.21907918PubMed Montagna, W, Kirchner, S, Carlisle, K 1989Histology of sun-damaged human skinJ. Am. Acad. Dermatol.21907918PubMed
23.
go back to reference Smith, JG, et al. 1962Alterations in human dermal connective tissue with age and chronic sun damageJ. Invest. Dermatol.39347350PubMed Smith, JG,  et al. 1962Alterations in human dermal connective tissue with age and chronic sun damageJ. Invest. Dermatol.39347350PubMed
24.
go back to reference DiPietro, LA, et al. 1998MIP-1alpha as a critical macrophage chemoattractant in murine wound repairJ. Clin. Invest.10116931698PubMed DiPietro, LA,  et al. 1998MIP-1alpha as a critical macrophage chemoattractant in murine wound repairJ. Clin. Invest.10116931698PubMed
25.
go back to reference Ross, R, Benditt, EP 1962Wound healing and collagen formation: fine structure in experimental scurvyJ. Cell Biol.12533551PubMed Ross, R, Benditt, EP 1962Wound healing and collagen formation: fine structure in experimental scurvyJ. Cell Biol.12533551PubMed
26.
go back to reference Polverini, PJ, et al. 1977Activated macrophages induce vascular proliferationNature269804806PubMed Polverini, PJ,  et al. 1977Activated macrophages induce vascular proliferationNature269804806PubMed
27.
go back to reference Hunt, TK, et al. 1984Studies on inflammation and wound healing: angiogenesis and collagen synthesis stimulated in vivo by resident and activated wound macrophagesSurgery964854PubMed Hunt, TK,  et al. 1984Studies on inflammation and wound healing: angiogenesis and collagen synthesis stimulated in vivo by resident and activated wound macrophagesSurgery964854PubMed
28.
go back to reference Grigorova-Borsos, AM, et al. 1988Aging and diabetes increase the aggregating potency of rat skin collagen towards normal plateletsThromb. Haemost.607578 Grigorova-Borsos, AM,  et al. 1988Aging and diabetes increase the aggregating potency of rat skin collagen towards normal plateletsThromb. Haemost.607578
29.
go back to reference Silverman, EM, Silverman, AG 1977Granulocyte adherence in the elderlyAm. J. Clin. Pathol.674952PubMed Silverman, EM, Silverman, AG 1977Granulocyte adherence in the elderlyAm. J. Clin. Pathol.674952PubMed
30.
go back to reference Yonezawa, Y, Kondo, H, Nomaguchi, TA 1989Age-related changes in serotonin content and its release reaction of rat plateletsMech. Ageing Dev.476575CrossRefPubMed Yonezawa, Y, Kondo, H, Nomaguchi, TA 1989Age-related changes in serotonin content and its release reaction of rat plateletsMech. Ageing Dev.476575CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Rivard, A, et al. 1999Age-dependent impairment of angiogenesisCirculation99111120PubMed Rivard, A,  et al. 1999Age-dependent impairment of angiogenesisCirculation99111120PubMed
32.
go back to reference Doria, G, Frasca, D 1994Regulation of cytokine production in aging miceAnn. N. Y. Acad. Sci.741299304PubMed Doria, G, Frasca, D 1994Regulation of cytokine production in aging miceAnn. N. Y. Acad. Sci.741299304PubMed
33.
go back to reference Ershler, WB, Keller, ET 2000Age-associated increased interleukin-6 gene expression, late-life diseases, and frailtyAnnu. Rev. Med.51245270CrossRefPubMed Ershler, WB, Keller, ET 2000Age-associated increased interleukin-6 gene expression, late-life diseases, and frailtyAnnu. Rev. Med.51245270CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Mascarucci, P, et al. 2001Age-related changes in cytokine production by leukocytes in rhesus monkeysAging (Milano).138594 Mascarucci, P,  et al. 2001Age-related changes in cytokine production by leukocytes in rhesus monkeysAging (Milano).138594
35.
go back to reference Ginaldi, L, et al. 2001Changes in the expression of surface receptors on lymphocyte subsets in the elderly: quantitative flow cytometric analysisAm. J. Hematol.676372CrossRefPubMed Ginaldi, L,  et al. 2001Changes in the expression of surface receptors on lymphocyte subsets in the elderly: quantitative flow cytometric analysisAm. J. Hematol.676372CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Bruunsgaard, H, et al. 2000Proliferative responses of blood mononuclear cells (BMNC) in a cohort of elderly humans: role of lymphocyte phenotype and cytokine productionClin. Exp. Immunol.119433440CrossRefPubMed Bruunsgaard, H,  et al. 2000Proliferative responses of blood mononuclear cells (BMNC) in a cohort of elderly humans: role of lymphocyte phenotype and cytokine productionClin. Exp. Immunol.119433440CrossRefPubMed
37.
go back to reference Plackett, TP, et al. 2003Aging enhances lymphocyte cytokine defects after injuryFASEB J.17688689PubMed Plackett, TP,  et al. 2003Aging enhances lymphocyte cytokine defects after injuryFASEB J.17688689PubMed
38.
go back to reference Cohen, BJ, Danon, D, Roth, GS 1987Wound repair in mice as influenced by age and antimacrophage serumJ. Gerontol.42295301PubMed Cohen, BJ, Danon, D, Roth, GS 1987Wound repair in mice as influenced by age and antimacrophage serumJ. Gerontol.42295301PubMed
39.
go back to reference Danon, D, Kowatch, MA, Roth, GS 1989Promotion of wound repair in old mice by local injection of macrophagesProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.8620182020PubMed Danon, D, Kowatch, MA, Roth, GS 1989Promotion of wound repair in old mice by local injection of macrophagesProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.8620182020PubMed
40.
go back to reference Swift, ME, Kleinman, HK, DiPietro, LA 1999Impaired wound repair and delayed angiogenesis in aged miceLab. Invest.7914791487PubMed Swift, ME, Kleinman, HK, DiPietro, LA 1999Impaired wound repair and delayed angiogenesis in aged miceLab. Invest.7914791487PubMed
41.
go back to reference Reed, MJ, Ferara, NS, Vernon, RB 2001Impaired migration, integrin function, and actin cytoskeletal organization in dermal fibroblasts from a subset of aged human donorsMech. Ageing Dev.12212031220CrossRefPubMed Reed, MJ, Ferara, NS, Vernon, RB 2001Impaired migration, integrin function, and actin cytoskeletal organization in dermal fibroblasts from a subset of aged human donorsMech. Ageing Dev.12212031220CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Puolakkainen, PA, et al. 1995The enhancement in wound healing by transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) depends on the topical delivery systemJ. Surg. Res.58321329CrossRefPubMed Puolakkainen, PA,  et al. 1995The enhancement in wound healing by transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) depends on the topical delivery systemJ. Surg. Res.58321329CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Plisko, A, Gilchrest, BA 1983Growth factor responsiveness of cultured human fibroblasts declines with ageJ. Gerontol.38513518PubMed Plisko, A, Gilchrest, BA 1983Growth factor responsiveness of cultured human fibroblasts declines with ageJ. Gerontol.38513518PubMed
45.
go back to reference Bruce, SA, Deamond, SF 1991Longitudinal study of in vivo wound repair and in vitro cellular senescence of dermal fibroblastsExp. Gerontol.261727CrossRefPubMed Bruce, SA, Deamond, SF 1991Longitudinal study of in vivo wound repair and in vitro cellular senescence of dermal fibroblastsExp. Gerontol.261727CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference Grove, GL, Kligman, AM 1983Age-associated changes in human epidermal cell renewalJ. Gerontol.38137142PubMed Grove, GL, Kligman, AM 1983Age-associated changes in human epidermal cell renewalJ. Gerontol.38137142PubMed
47.
go back to reference Butcher, EO, Klingsberg, J 1963Age, gonadectomy and wound healing in palatal mucosa of the ratOral Surg16482492 Butcher, EO, Klingsberg, J 1963Age, gonadectomy and wound healing in palatal mucosa of the ratOral Surg16482492
48.
go back to reference Billingham, RE, Russell, PS 1956Studies on wound healing with special reference to the phenomenon of contraction in experimental wounds in rabbits’ skinAnn. Surg.144961980PubMed Billingham, RE, Russell, PS 1956Studies on wound healing with special reference to the phenomenon of contraction in experimental wounds in rabbits’ skinAnn. Surg.144961980PubMed
49.
go back to reference Cuthbertson, AM 1959Contraction of full thickness skin wounds in the ratSurg. Gynecol. Obstet.108421432PubMed Cuthbertson, AM 1959Contraction of full thickness skin wounds in the ratSurg. Gynecol. Obstet.108421432PubMed
50.
go back to reference Fatah, MF, Ward, CM 1984The morbidity of split-skin graft donor sites in the elderly: the case for mesh-grafting the donor siteBr. J. Plast. Surg.37184190PubMed Fatah, MF, Ward, CM 1984The morbidity of split-skin graft donor sites in the elderly: the case for mesh-grafting the donor siteBr. J. Plast. Surg.37184190PubMed
51.
go back to reference Holt, DR, et al. 1992Effect of age on wound healing in healthy human beingsSurgery112293297PubMed Holt, DR,  et al. 1992Effect of age on wound healing in healthy human beingsSurgery112293297PubMed
52.
go back to reference Orentreich, N, Salmanowitz, VJ 1969Levels of biological functions with agingTrans. N. Y. Acad. Sci.29921012 Orentreich, N, Salmanowitz, VJ 1969Levels of biological functions with agingTrans. N. Y. Acad. Sci.29921012
53.
54.
go back to reference Holm-Pedersen, P, Viidik, A 1972Tensile properties and morphology of healing wounds in young and old ratsScand. J. Plast. Reconstr. Surg.62435PubMed Holm-Pedersen, P, Viidik, A 1972Tensile properties and morphology of healing wounds in young and old ratsScand. J. Plast. Reconstr. Surg.62435PubMed
55.
go back to reference Passaniti, A, et al. 1992A simple, quantitative method for assessing angiogenesis and antiangiogenic agents using reconstituted basement membrane, heparin, and fibroblast growth factorLab. Invest.67519528PubMed Passaniti, A,  et al. 1992A simple, quantitative method for assessing angiogenesis and antiangiogenic agents using reconstituted basement membrane, heparin, and fibroblast growth factorLab. Invest.67519528PubMed
56.
go back to reference Pili, R, et al. 1994Altered angiogenesis underlying age-dependent changes in tumor growthJ. Natl. Cancer Inst.8613031314PubMed Pili, R,  et al. 1994Altered angiogenesis underlying age-dependent changes in tumor growthJ. Natl. Cancer Inst.8613031314PubMed
57.
58.
go back to reference Arthur, WT, et al. 1998Growth factors reverse the impaired sprouting of microvessels from aged miceMicrovasc. Res.55260270CrossRefPubMed Arthur, WT,  et al. 1998Growth factors reverse the impaired sprouting of microvessels from aged miceMicrovasc. Res.55260270CrossRefPubMed
59.
go back to reference Viljanto, J 1969A sponge implantation method for testing connective tissue regeneration in surgical patientsActa Chir. Scand.135297300PubMed Viljanto, J 1969A sponge implantation method for testing connective tissue regeneration in surgical patientsActa Chir. Scand.135297300PubMed
60.
go back to reference Beck, LS, et al. 1993One systemic administration of transforming growth factor-beta 1 reverses age- or glucocorticoid-impaired wound healingJ. Clin. Invest.9228412849PubMed Beck, LS,  et al. 1993One systemic administration of transforming growth factor-beta 1 reverses age- or glucocorticoid-impaired wound healingJ. Clin. Invest.9228412849PubMed
61.
go back to reference Reed, MJ, et al. 2000A deficit in collagenase activity contributes to impaired migration of aged microvascular endothelial cellsJ. Cell. Biochem.77116126CrossRefPubMed Reed, MJ,  et al. 2000A deficit in collagenase activity contributes to impaired migration of aged microvascular endothelial cellsJ. Cell. Biochem.77116126CrossRefPubMed
62.
go back to reference Salo, T, et al. 1994Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 during early human wound healingLab. Invest.70176182PubMed Salo, T,  et al. 1994Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 during early human wound healingLab. Invest.70176182PubMed
63.
go back to reference Wysocki, AB, Staiano-Coico, L, Grinnell, F 1993Wound fluid from chronic leg ulcers contains elevated levels of metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9J. Invest. Dermatol.1016468PubMed Wysocki, AB, Staiano-Coico, L, Grinnell, F 1993Wound fluid from chronic leg ulcers contains elevated levels of metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9J. Invest. Dermatol.1016468PubMed
64.
go back to reference Zeng, G, Millis, AJ 1994Expression of 72-kDa gelatinase and TIMP-2 in early and late passage human fibroblastsExp. Cell Res.213148155CrossRefPubMed Zeng, G, Millis, AJ 1994Expression of 72-kDa gelatinase and TIMP-2 in early and late passage human fibroblastsExp. Cell Res.213148155CrossRefPubMed
65.
go back to reference Millis, AJ, et al. 1992Metalloproteinase and TIMP-1 gene expression during replicative senescenceExp. Gerontol.27425428CrossRefPubMed Millis, AJ,  et al. 1992Metalloproteinase and TIMP-1 gene expression during replicative senescenceExp. Gerontol.27425428CrossRefPubMed
66.
go back to reference Ashcroft, GS, et al. 1997Age-related differences in the temporal and spatial regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in normal skin and acute cutaneous wounds of healthy humansCell Tissue Res.290581591CrossRefPubMed Ashcroft, GS,  et al. 1997Age-related differences in the temporal and spatial regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in normal skin and acute cutaneous wounds of healthy humansCell Tissue Res.290581591CrossRefPubMed
67.
go back to reference Ashcroft, GS, et al. 1997Human ageing impairs injury-induced in vivo expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 and -2 proteins and mRNAJ. Pathol.183169176CrossRefPubMed Ashcroft, GS,  et al. 1997Human ageing impairs injury-induced in vivo expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 and -2 proteins and mRNAJ. Pathol.183169176CrossRefPubMed
68.
go back to reference Platt, D, Ruhl, W 1972An age-dependent determination of lysosomal enzyme activities, as well as the measurements on the incorporation of 14-C-proline and 14-C-glucosamine in a subcutaneously implanted polyether spongeGerontologia1896112PubMed Platt, D, Ruhl, W 1972An age-dependent determination of lysosomal enzyme activities, as well as the measurements on the incorporation of 14-C-proline and 14-C-glucosamine in a subcutaneously implanted polyether spongeGerontologia1896112PubMed
69.
go back to reference Younai, S, et al. 1994Modulation of collagen synthesis by transforming growth factor-beta in keloid and hypertrophic scar fibroblastsAnn. Plast. Surg.33148151PubMed Younai, S,  et al. 1994Modulation of collagen synthesis by transforming growth factor-beta in keloid and hypertrophic scar fibroblastsAnn. Plast. Surg.33148151PubMed
70.
go back to reference Shah, M, Foreman, DM, Ferguson, MW 1992Control of scarring in adult wounds by neutralising antibody to transforming growth factor betaLancet339213214CrossRefPubMed Shah, M, Foreman, DM, Ferguson, MW 1992Control of scarring in adult wounds by neutralising antibody to transforming growth factor betaLancet339213214CrossRefPubMed
71.
go back to reference Howes, EL, Harvey, SC 1932The age factor in the velocity of the growth of fibroblasts in the healing woundJ. Exp. Med.55557590 Howes, EL, Harvey, SC 1932The age factor in the velocity of the growth of fibroblasts in the healing woundJ. Exp. Med.55557590
72.
go back to reference Sussman, MD 1973Aging of connective tissue: physical properties of healing wounds in young and old ratsAm. J. Physiol.22411671171PubMed Sussman, MD 1973Aging of connective tissue: physical properties of healing wounds in young and old ratsAm. J. Physiol.22411671171PubMed
73.
go back to reference Sandbloom, PH, Petersen, P, Muren, A 1953Determination of the tensile strength of the healing wound as a clinical testActa Chir. Scand.105252257PubMed Sandbloom, PH, Petersen, P, Muren, A 1953Determination of the tensile strength of the healing wound as a clinical testActa Chir. Scand.105252257PubMed
74.
go back to reference Halasz, NA 1968Dehiscence of laparotomy woundsAm. J. Surg.116210214PubMed Halasz, NA 1968Dehiscence of laparotomy woundsAm. J. Surg.116210214PubMed
75.
go back to reference Mendoza, CB,Jr, Postlethwait, RW, Johnson, WD 1970Veterans Administration cooperative study of surgery for duodenal ulcer. II. Incidence of wound disruption following operationArch. Surg.101396398PubMed Mendoza, CB,Jr, Postlethwait, RW, Johnson, WD 1970Veterans Administration cooperative study of surgery for duodenal ulcer. II. Incidence of wound disruption following operationArch. Surg.101396398PubMed
76.
go back to reference Capewell, S, et al. 1990Purpura and dermal thinning associated with high dose inhaled corticosteroidsBMJ30015481551PubMed Capewell, S,  et al. 1990Purpura and dermal thinning associated with high dose inhaled corticosteroidsBMJ30015481551PubMed
77.
go back to reference Pollack, SV 1984Systemic drugs and nutritional aspects of wound healingClin. Dermatol.26880PubMed Pollack, SV 1984Systemic drugs and nutritional aspects of wound healingClin. Dermatol.26880PubMed
78.
go back to reference Neifeld, JP, Lee, HM, Hutcher, NE 1975Lack of effect of vitamin A on corticosteroid-induced immunosuppressionJ. Surg. Res.19225228PubMed Neifeld, JP, Lee, HM, Hutcher, NE 1975Lack of effect of vitamin A on corticosteroid-induced immunosuppressionJ. Surg. Res.19225228PubMed
79.
go back to reference Stephens, FO, et al. 1971Effect of cortisone and vitamin A on wound infectionAm. J. Surg.121569571PubMed Stephens, FO,  et al. 1971Effect of cortisone and vitamin A on wound infectionAm. J. Surg.121569571PubMed
80.
go back to reference Thomas, DR 1997The role of nutrition in prevention and healing of pressure ulcersClin. Geriatr. Med.13497511PubMed Thomas, DR 1997The role of nutrition in prevention and healing of pressure ulcersClin. Geriatr. Med.13497511PubMed
81.
go back to reference Ueng, SW, et al. 1997Effect of intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation on tibial lengthening: experimental study on rabbitsJ. Trauma42231238PubMed Ueng, SW,  et al. 1997Effect of intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation on tibial lengthening: experimental study on rabbitsJ. Trauma42231238PubMed
82.
go back to reference Broadley, KN, et al. 1989Monospecific antibodies implicate basic fibroblast growth factor in normal wound repairLab. Invest.61571575PubMed Broadley, KN,  et al. 1989Monospecific antibodies implicate basic fibroblast growth factor in normal wound repairLab. Invest.61571575PubMed
83.
go back to reference Mustoe, TA, et al. 1987Accelerated healing of incisional wounds in rats induced by transforming growth factor-betaScience23713331336PubMed Mustoe, TA,  et al. 1987Accelerated healing of incisional wounds in rats induced by transforming growth factor-betaScience23713331336PubMed
84.
go back to reference Ashcroft, GS, et al. 1997Estrogen accelerates cutaneous wound healing associated with an increase in TGF-beta1 levelsNat. Med.312091215PubMed Ashcroft, GS,  et al. 1997Estrogen accelerates cutaneous wound healing associated with an increase in TGF-beta1 levelsNat. Med.312091215PubMed
85.
go back to reference Ashcroft, GS, Mills, SJ 2002Androgen receptor-mediated inhibition of cutaneous wound healingJ. Clin. Invest.110615624CrossRefPubMed Ashcroft, GS, Mills, SJ 2002Androgen receptor-mediated inhibition of cutaneous wound healingJ. Clin. Invest.110615624CrossRefPubMed
86.
go back to reference Falanga, V 1992Growth factors and chronic wounds: the need to understand the microenvironmentJ. Dermatol.19667672PubMed Falanga, V 1992Growth factors and chronic wounds: the need to understand the microenvironmentJ. Dermatol.19667672PubMed
87.
go back to reference Falanga, V 1993Chronic wounds: pathophysiologic and experimental considerationsJ. Invest. Dermatol.100721725PubMed Falanga, V 1993Chronic wounds: pathophysiologic and experimental considerationsJ. Invest. Dermatol.100721725PubMed
88.
go back to reference Wu, L, Mustoe, TA 1995Effect of ischemia on growth factor enhancement of incisional wound healingSurgery117570576PubMed Wu, L, Mustoe, TA 1995Effect of ischemia on growth factor enhancement of incisional wound healingSurgery117570576PubMed
89.
go back to reference Pierce, GF, et al. 1989Transforming growth factor beta reverses the glucocorticoid-induced wound-healing deficit in rats: possible regulation in macrophages by platelet-derived growth factorProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.8622292233PubMed Pierce, GF,  et al. 1989Transforming growth factor beta reverses the glucocorticoid-induced wound-healing deficit in rats: possible regulation in macrophages by platelet-derived growth factorProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.8622292233PubMed
90.
go back to reference Mustoe, TA, et al. 1989Reversal of impaired wound healing in irradiated rats by platelet-derived growth factor-BBAm. J. Surg.158345350PubMed Mustoe, TA,  et al. 1989Reversal of impaired wound healing in irradiated rats by platelet-derived growth factor-BBAm. J. Surg.158345350PubMed
91.
go back to reference Wu, L, et al. 1999Transforming growth factor-beta1 fails to stimulate wound healing and impairs its signal transduction in an aged ischemic ulcer model: importance of oxygen and ageAm. J. Pathol.154301309CrossRefPubMed Wu, L,  et al. 1999Transforming growth factor-beta1 fails to stimulate wound healing and impairs its signal transduction in an aged ischemic ulcer model: importance of oxygen and ageAm. J. Pathol.154301309CrossRefPubMed
92.
go back to reference Mogford, JE, et al. 2002Effect of age and hypoxia on TGFbeta1 receptor expression and signal transduction in human dermal fibroblasts: impact on cell migrationJ. Cell. Physiol.190259265CrossRefPubMed Mogford, JE,  et al. 2002Effect of age and hypoxia on TGFbeta1 receptor expression and signal transduction in human dermal fibroblasts: impact on cell migrationJ. Cell. Physiol.190259265CrossRefPubMed
93.
go back to reference Reed, MJ, Koike, T, Puolakkainen, P 2003Wound repair in aging. A reviewMeth. Mol. Med.78217237CrossRef Reed, MJ, Koike, T, Puolakkainen, P 2003Wound repair in aging. A reviewMeth. Mol. Med.78217237CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Aging and Wound Healing
Authors
Ankush Gosain, M.D.
Luisa A. DiPietro, D.D.S., Ph.D.
Publication date
01-03-2004
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
World Journal of Surgery / Issue 3/2004
Print ISSN: 0364-2313
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2323
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-7397-6

Other articles of this Issue 3/2004

World Journal of Surgery 3/2004 Go to the issue

World Progress in Surgery

Nitric Oxide and Wound Healing