Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
Published in: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 6/2021

01-12-2021 | Abdominoplasty | Review

The Global Prevalence of Seroma After Abdominoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Authors: Nader Salari, Behnaz Fatahi, Yalda Bartina, Mohsen Kazeminia, Mohammadbagher Heydari, Masoud Mohammadi, Mahvan Hemmati, Shamarina Shohaimi

Published in: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery | Issue 6/2021

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Abdominoplasty is one of the most common cosmetic surgeries performed worldwide. Seroma is also the most common local complication associated with abdominoplasty, which increases care costs, reduces patient satisfaction, and has serious complications for patients. Results of previous studies report different levels of seroma prevalence after abdominoplasty. The aim of this study is to standardize the statistics of the prevalence of seroma after abdominoplasty using meta-analysis.

Methods

In this systematic review and meta-analysis study, data from studies conducted on the global prevalence of seroma after abdominoplasty was extracted using the keywords “Prevalence, Epidemiology, Complications, Abdominoplasty, Seroma, and Lipo abdominoplasty” in the databases of Science, Scientific Information Database, MagIran, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar search engine without time limit until October 2020. The random-effects model was used to analyze the eligible studies, and the heterogeneity of the studies was investigated with the I2 index. Data analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2).

Results

In reviewing 143 studies (five studies related to Asia, 55 studies related to Europe, three studies related to Africa, and 80 studies related to the Americas) with a total sample size of 27834 individuals, the global prevalence of seroma after abdominoplasty was obtained as 10.9% (95% CI: 9.3-3.6.6%) and the highest prevalence of seroma was related to the Europe continent with 12.8% (95% CI: 10.15-3.9%). The results from meta-regression showed a declining trend in the global prevalence of seroma after abdominoplasty with an increase in the sample size, age of study participants, and the year of study (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

This study shows that the prevalence of seroma after abdominoplasty is high globally. Therefore, physicians and specialists must consider its importance and take the controlling and treatment measures seriously.

Level of Evidence III

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine Ratings, please refer to Table of Contents or online Instructions to Authors www.​springer.​com/​00266.
Literature
1.
International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (2014) Interna-tional study on aesthetic/cosmetic procedures performed in 2013. International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Hanover
2.
Rosenfield LK, Davis CR (2019) Evidence-based abdominoplasty review with body contouring algorithm. Aesthet Surg J 39(6):643–661PubMed
3.
Ramirez OM (2000) Abdominoplasty and abdominal wall reha-bilitation: a comprehensive approach. Plast Reconstr Surg 105:425–435PubMed
4.
The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (2016) Cosmetic surgery national data bank statistics. Aesthet Surg J 36(Suppl 1):1–29
5.
Cossta-Ferreira A, Rebelo M, Vásconez LO (2010) Scarpa fascia preservationduring abdominoplasty: a prospective study. Plast Reconstr Surg 125:1233–1239
6.
an der Beek ES, Te Riele W, Specken TF, et al. The impact ofreconstructive procedures following bariatric surgery on patientwell-being and quality of life. Obes Surg. 2010; 20(1):36–41.
7.
Song AY, Rubin JP, Thomas V et al (2006) Body image and quality of lifein post massive weight loss body contouring patients. Obesity (Silver Spring, MD). 14(9):1626–36
8.
Modarressi A, Balague N, Huber O et al (2013) Plastic surgery aftergastric bypass improves long-term quality of life. Obes Surg 23(1):24–30PubMed
9.
Klassen AF, Cano SJ, Scott A et al (2012) Satisfaction and quality-of-lifeissues in body contouring surgery patients: a qualitative study. ObesSurg. 22(10):1527–1534
10.
Surgery ISoAP (2015) ISAPS International survey on aesthetic/cosmetic: Procedures performed in 2014. International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons (ISAPS) Hanover
11.
12.
ASAPS (2018) Cosmetic Surgery National Data Bank statistics. Aesthet Surg J 38:1–24
13.
14.
Murshid M, Khalid KN, Shakir A, Bener A (2010) Abdominoplasty in obese and in morbidly obese patients. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 63:820–825PubMed
15.
Stewart K, Stewart D, Coghlan B, Harrison D, Jones B, Waterhouse N (2006) Complications of 278 consecutive abdominoplasties. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 59(11):1152–1155PubMed
16.
Nahas FX, Ferreira LM, Ghelfond C (2007) Does quilting suture prevent seroma in abdominoplasty? Plast Reconstr Surg 119(3):1060–1064PubMed
17.
Neaman KC, Hansen JE (2007) Analysis of complications from abdominoplasty: a review of 206 cases at a university hospital. Ann Plast Surg 58(3):292–298PubMed
18.
Araco A, Gravante G, Araco F, Sorge R, Cervelli V (2009) Postoperative seromas after abdominoplasty: a retrospective analysis of 494 patients and possible risk factors. Plast Reconstr Surg 123(4):158e-e159PubMed
19.
Andrades P, Prado A, Danilla S et al (2007) Progressive tension su-tures in the prevention of postabdominoplasty seroma: a pro-spective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Plast Reconstr Surg 120(4):935e46
20.
Stocchero IN (1993) Ultrasound and seromas. Plast Reconstr Surg 91:198PubMed
21.
Mohammad JA, Warnke PH, Stavraky W (1998) Ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of fluid collection complications following abdominoplasty. Ann Plast Surg 41(5):498–502PubMed
22.
Kim J, Stevenson TR (2006) Abdominoplasty, liposuction of the flanks, and obesity: analyzing risk factors for seroma formation. Plast Reconstr Surg 117(3):773–779PubMed
23.
Neaman KC, Armstrong SD, Baca ME, Albert M, Vander Woude DL, Renucci JD (2013) Outcomes of traditional cos-metic abdominoplasty in a community setting: a retro-spective analysis of 1008 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 131(3):403e–410ePubMed
24.
Skillman JM, Venus MR, Nightingale P, Titley OG, Park A (2014) Ligating perforators in abdominoplasty reduces the risk of seroma. Aesthetic Plast Surg 38(2):446–450PubMed
25.
Titley OG, Spyrou GE, Fatah MF (1997) Preventing seroma in the latissimus dorsi flap donor site. Br J Plast Surg 50:106–108PubMed
26.
Saldanha OR (2011) Discussion: abdominoplasty with suction undermining and plication of the superficial fascia without drains: a report of 113 consecutive patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 128:982–983PubMed
27.
Rodby KA, Stepniak J, Eisenhut N, Lentz CW III (2011) Abdominoplasty with suction undermining and plication of the superficial fascia without drains: a report of 113 consecu-tive patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 128(4):973–981PubMed
28.
Zimman OA, Butto CD, Ahualli PE (2001) Frequency of seromain abdominal lipectomies. Plast Reconstr Sur 108:1449–1451
29.
Kargi E, Akduman D, Dokuzoguz B (2003) Late complication ofabdominoplasty in an obese patient: systemic inflammatoryresponse syndrome and seroma. Plast Reconstr Surg 111:1568–1571PubMed
30.
Zecha PJ, Missotten FE (1999) Pseudocyst formation afterabdominoplasty: extravasations of Morel-Lavallee. Br J Plast Surg 52:500–502PubMed
31.
Matarasso A (1995) Liposuction as an adjunct to a fullabdominoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 95:829–836PubMed
32.
Jabbour S, Awaida C, Mhawej R, Bassilios Habre S, Nasr M (2017) Does the addition of progressive tension sutures to drainsreduce seroma incidence after abdominoplasty? A systematicreview and meta-analysis. Aesthet Surg 37(4):440–447
33.
Chaouat M, Levan P, Lalanne B, Buisson T, Nicolau P, Mimoun M (2000) Abdominal dermolipectomies: early postoperativecomplications and long-term unfavorable results. Plast Reconstr Surg 106:1614–1618PubMed
34.
Ramke J, Palagyi A, Jordan V, Petkovic J, Gilbert CE (2017) Using the STROBE statement to assess reporting in blindness prevalence surveys in low and middle income countries. PLoS ONE 12(5):e0176178PubMedPubMedCentral
35.
Omranifard M, Kheirkhah E, Kooshki AM (2011) Complication of Abdominolpasty; A six years survey. J Isfahan Med Sch 28(124):2023–2031
36.
Chang CJ (2013) Assessment of videoendoscopy-assisted abdominoplasty for diastasis recti patients. Biomed J 36(5):252PubMed
37.
Bhave MA (2018) Can drains be avoided in lipo-abdominoplasty? Indian J Plast Surg Offi Publ Assoc Plast Surg India 51(1):15
38.
Cohen B, Meilik B, Weiss-Meilik A, Tarrab A, Matot I (2018) Intraoperative factors associated with postoperative complications in body contouring surgery. J Surg Res 221:24–9PubMed
39.
Jabaiti SK (2009) Risk factors for wound complications following abdominoplasty. Am J Appl Sci 6(5):897
40.
Batac J, Hamade M, Hamade H, Glickman L (2019) Abdominoplasty in the obese patient: risk versus reward. Plast Reconstr Surg 143(4):721e-e726PubMed
41.
42.
Marsh DJ, Fox A, Grobbelaar AO, Chana JS (2015) Abdominoplasty and seroma: a prospective randomised study comparing scalpel and handheld electrocautery dissection. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 68(2):192–196PubMed
43.
Dillerud E (1990) Abdominoplasty combined with suction lipoplasty: a study of complications, revisions, and risk factors in 487 cases. Ann Plast Surg 25(5):333–343PubMed
44.
Correia-Gonçalves I, Valença-Filipe R, Carvalho J, Rebelo M, Peres H, Amarante J et al (2017) Abdominoplasty with scarpa fascia preservation–comparative study in a bariatric population. Surg Obes Relat Dis 13(3):423–428PubMed
45.
Sozer SO, Basaran K, Alim H (2018) Abdominoplasty with circumferential liposuction: a review of 1000 consecutive cases. Plast Reconstr Surg 142(4):891–901PubMed
46.
47.
Persichetti P, Simone P, Scuderi N (2005) Anchor-line abdominoplasty: a comprehensive approach to abdominal wall reconstruction and body contouring. Plast Reconstr Surg 116(1):289–294PubMed
48.
Jones B, Toft N (2008) Bodylifting: indications, technique and complications. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 61(7):730–735PubMed
49.
Dini M, Mori A, Cassi LC, Russo GL, Lucchese M (2008) Circumferential abdominoplasty. Obes Surg 18(11):1392–1399PubMed
50.
Koller M, Hintringer T (2012) Circumferential superficial fascia lift of the lower trunk: Surgical technique and retrospective review of 50 cases. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 65(4):433–437PubMed
51.
Schlosshauer T, Kiehlmann M, Riener MO, Sader R, Rieger UM (2019) Comparative analysis on the effect of low-thermal plasma dissection device (PEAK PlasmaBlade) vs conventional electrosurgery in post-bariatric abdominoplasty: a retrospective randomised clinical study. Int Wound J 16(6):1494–1502PubMedPubMedCentral
52.
García-García ML, Martín-Lorenzo JG, Campillo-Soto A, Torralba-Martínez JA, Liron-Ruiz R, Miguel-Perello J et al (2014) Complications and level of satisfaction after dermolipectomy and abdominoplasty post-bariatric surgery. Cirugía Española (English Edition). 92(4):254–260
53.
Momeni A, Heier M, Bannasch H, Stark GB (2009) Complications in abdominoplasty: a risk factor analysis. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 62(10):1250–1254PubMed
54.
Hersant B, SidAhmed-Mezi M, La Padula S, Niddam J, Bouhassira J, Meningaud JP (2016) Efficacy of autologous platelet-rich plasma glue in weight loss sequelae surgery and breast reduction: a prospective study. Plast Reconstr Surg Global Open 4(11):e871
55.
Dutot MC, Serror K, Al Ameri O, Chaouat M, Mimoun M, Boccara D (2018) Improving safety after abdominoplasty: a retrospective review of 1128 cases. Plast Reconstr Surg 142(2):355–362PubMed
56.
Bracaglia R, Tambasco D, D’Ettorre M, Gentileschi S (2012) “Inverted-Y”: a modified vest-over-pants abdominoplasty pattern following bariatric surgery. Aesthet Plast Surg 36(5):1179–1185
57.
Giordano S, Uusalo P, Oranges CM, di Summa PG, Lankinen P (2020) Local anesthetic pain catheters to reduce opioid use in massive weight loss patients undergoing abdominoplasty: a comparative study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg JPRAS 73(4):770–776PubMed
58.
Hauck T, Schmitz M, Horch RE, Arkudas A, Boos AM, Cai A et al (2019) Operating on the edge? body contouring procedures in patients with body mass index greater 35. Obes Surg 29(5):1563–1570PubMed
59.
Khan UD (2008) Risk of seroma with simultaneous liposuction and abdominoplasty and the role of progressive tension sutures. Aesthet Plast Surg 32(1):93–99 (discussion 100)
60.
Costa-Ferreira A, Rebelo M, Silva A, Vásconez LO, Amarante J (2013) Scarpa fascia preservation during abdominoplasty: randomized clinical study of efficacy and safety. Plast Reconstr Surg 131(3):644–651PubMed
61.
Swedenhammar E, Stark B, Hållstrand AH, Ehrström M, Gahm J (2018) Surgical training and standardised management guidelines improved the 30-day complication rate after abdominoplasty for massive weight loss. World J Surg 42(6):1647–1654PubMed
62.
Quaba AA, Conlin S, Quaba O (2015) The no-drain, no-quilt abdominoplasty: a single-surgeon series of 271 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 135(3):751–760PubMed
63.
Mayer HF, Loustau HD (2018) The suprapubic dermoadipose flap for aesthetic reshaping of the postpregnancy abdomen. Aesthet Surg J 38(6):635–643PubMed
64.
Sforza M, Husein R, Andjelkov K, Rozental-Fernandes PC, Zaccheddu R, Jovanovic M (2015) Use of quilting sutures during abdominoplasty to prevent seroma formation: are they really effective? Aesthet Surg J 35(5):574–580PubMed
65.
Breiting LB, Lock-Andersen J, Matzen SH (2011) Increased morbidity in patients undergoing abdominoplasty after laparoscopic gastric bypass. Dan Med Bull 58(4):A4251PubMed
66.
Khan UD (2012) Seroma formation following abdominoplasty: a retrospective clinical review following three different techniques. Eur J Plast Surg 35(4):299–308
67.
Pilone V, Tramontano S, Cutolo C, Vitiello A, Brongo S (2020) Abdominoplasty after bariatric surgery: comparison of three different techniques. Minerva Chir 75(1):37–42PubMed
68.
Larsen M, Polat F, Stook FP, Oostenbroek RJ, Plaisier PW, Hesp WL (2007) Satisfaction and complications in post-bariatric surgery abdominoplasty patients. Acta Chir Plast 49(4):95–98PubMed
69.
Iglesias M, Butrón P, López-Méndez A, Del Carmen I, Camacho-Palma FF, Osuna A (2015) Abdominoplasty in massive weight loss patients with body mass index greater than 35: report of 25 cases. J Am Coll Surg 221(4):e116
70.
Ovens L, Pickford MA (2009) Effect of quilting sutures on seroma formation post-abdominoplasty. Eur J Plast Surg 32(4):177–180
71.
Cruz-Korchin N, Korchin L (2005) The use of fibrin sealant (Tisseel) in abdominoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 116:23
72.
Hunecke P, Toll M, Mann O, Izbicki JR, Blessmann M, Grupp K (2019) Clinical outcome of patients undergoing abdominoplasty after massive weight loss. Surg Obes Relat Dis 15(8):1362–1366PubMed
73.
Valença-Filipe R, Martins A, Silva Á, Vásconez LO, Amarante J, Costa-Ferreira A (2015) Dissection technique for abdominoplasty: a prospective study on scalpel versus diathermocoagulation (coagulation mode). Plast Reconstr Surg Global Open 3(1):e299
74.
Beer GM, Wallner H (2010) Prevention of seroma after abdominoplasty. Aesthet Surg J 30(3):414–417PubMed
75.
Pilone V, Vitiello A, Borriello C, Gargiulo S, Forestieri P (2015) The use of a fibrin glue with a low concentration of thrombin decreases seroma formation in postbariatric patients undergoing circular abdominoplasty. Obes Surg 25(2):354–359PubMed
76.
Weiler J, Taggart P, Khoobehi K (2010) A case for the safety and efficacy of lipoabdominoplasty: a single surgeon retrospective review of 173 consecutive cases. Aesthetic Surg J 30(5):702–713
77.
Villegas FJ (2014) A novel approach to abdominoplasty: TULUA modifications (transverse plication, no undermining, full liposuction, neoumbilicoplasty, and low transverse abdominal scar). Aesthet Plast Surg 38(3):511–520
78.
Hoyos A, Perez ME, Guarin DE, Montenegro A (2018) A report of 736 high-definition lipoabdominoplasties performed in conjunction with circumferential VASER liposuction. Plast Reconstr Surg 142(3):662–675PubMed
79.
Spiegelman JI, Levine RH (2006) Abdominoplasty: a comparison of outpatient and inpatient procedures shows that it is a safe and effective procedure for outpatients in an office-based surgery clinic. Plast Reconstr Surg 118(2):517–522PubMed
80.
Perez JA, Thau M (2012) Abdominoplasty seroma prevention with fibrin sealant. Am J Cosmet Surg 29(3):208–213
81.
Restrepo JCC, Gutiérrez MMG (2004) Abdominoplasty with anchor plication and complete lipoplasty. Aesthet Surg J 24(5):418–422
82.
Brink RR, Beck JB, Anderson CM, Lewis AC (2009) Abdominoplasty with direct resection of deep fat. Plast Reconstr Surg 123(5):1597–1603PubMed
83.
Warner JP, Gutowski KA (2009) Abdominoplasty with progressive tension closure using a barbed suture technique. Aesthet Surg J 29(3):221–225PubMed
84.
Avelar JM (2002) Abdominoplasty without panniculus undermining and resection: analysis and 3-year follow-up of 97 consecutive cases. Aesthet Surg J 22(1):16–25PubMed
85.
Nemerofsky RB, Oliak DA, Capella JF (2006) Body lift: an account of 200 consecutive cases in the massive weight loss patient. Plast Reconstr Surg 117(2):414–430PubMed
86.
Lee JC, Teitelbaum J, Shajan JK, Naram A, Chao J (2012) The effect of fibrin sealant on the prevention of seroma formation after postbariatric abdominoplasty. Can J Plast Surg 20(3):178–180PubMedPubMedCentral
87.
Dabb RW, Hall WW, Baroody M, Saba AA (2004) Circumferential suction lipectomy of the trunk with anterior rectus fascia plication through a periumbilical incision: an alternative to conventional abdominoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 113(2):727–732PubMed
88.
Matos WN Jr, Ribeiro RC, Marujo RA, da Rocha RP, da Silva Ribeiro SM, Carrillo Jiminez FV (2006) Classification for indications of lipoabdominoplasty and its variations. Aesthet Surg J 26(4):417–431PubMed
89.
Najera RM, Asheld W, Sayeed SM, Glickman LT (2011) Comparison of seroma formation following abdominoplasty with or without liposuction. Plast Reconstr Surg 127(1):417–422PubMed
90.
Smith MM, Hovsepian RV, Markarian MK, Degelia AL, Paul MD, Evans GR et al (2008) Continuous-infusion local anesthetic pain pump use and seroma formation with abdominal procedures: is there a correlation? Plast Reconstr Surg 122(5):1425–1430PubMed
91.
Hamra ST, Small KH (2016) Cosmetic body lift. Plast Reconstr Surg 137(2):453–461PubMed
92.
Sozer SO, Agullo FJ, Santillan AA, Wolf C (2007) Decision making in abdominoplasty. Aesthet Plast Surg 31(2):117–127
93.
Macias LH, Kwon E, Gould DJ, Spring MA, Stevens WG (2016) Decrease in seroma rate after adopting progressive tension sutures without drains: a single surgery center experience of 451 abdominoplasties over 7 years. Aesthet Surg J 36(9):1029–1035PubMed
94.
Khan S, Teotia SS, Mullis WF, Jacobs WE, Beasley ME, Smith KL et al (2006) Do progressive tension sutures really decrease complications in abdominoplasty? Ann Plast Surg 56(1):14–21PubMed
95.
Stokes RB, Williams S (2007) Does concomitant breast surgery add morbidity to abdominoplasty? Aesthet Surg J 27(6):612–615PubMed
96.
Bromley M, Marrou W, Charles-de-Sa L (2018) Evaluation of the number of progressive tension sutures needed to prevent seroma in abdominoplasty with drains: a single-blind, prospective, comparative randomized clinical trial. Aesthet Plast Surg 42(6):1600–1608
97.
Friedman T, O’Brien Coon D, Michaels J, Purnell C, Hur S, Harris DN et al (2010) Fleur-de-Lis abdominoplasty: a safe alternative to traditional abdominoplasty for the massive weight loss patient. Plast Reconstr Surg 125(5):1525–1535PubMed
98.
Laverson S (2006) Improving abdominoplasty results: reconstruction of the linea alba sulcus by direct fat excision. Aesthet Surg J 26(6):682–686PubMed
99.
Vieira BL, Chow I, Sinno S, Dorfman RG, Hanwright P, Gutowski KA (2018) Is there a limit? A risk assessment model of liposuction and lipoaspirate volume on complications in abdominoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 141(4):892–901PubMed
100.
Di Martino M, Nahas FX, Kimura AK, Sallum N, Ferreira LM (2015) Natural evolution of seroma in abdominoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 135(4):691e-e698PubMed
101.
Barone CM, Okoro SA, Chatter-Cora D, Helling ER (2007) Outpatient extended abdominoplasty in the patient with massive weight loss. Aesthet Surg J 27(2):129–136PubMed
102.
Pollock TA, Pollock H (2012) Progressive tension sutures in abdominoplasty: a review of 597 consecutive cases. Aesthet Surg J 32(6):729–742PubMed
103.
Pollock T, Pollock H (2004) Progressive tension sutures in abdominoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 31(4):583–589PubMed
104.
Andrades P, Prado A, Danilla S, Guerra C, Benitez S, Sepulveda S et al (2007) Progressive tension sutures in the prevention of postabdominoplasty seroma: a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Plast Reconstr Surg. 120(4):935–46 (discussion 47-51)PubMed
105.
Swanson E (2013) Prospective clinical study of 551 cases of liposuction and abdominoplasty performed individually and in combination. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 1(5):e32PubMedPubMedCentral
106.
Rosen AD, Gutowski KA, Hartman T (2020) Reduced seroma risk in drainless abdominoplasty using running barbed sutures: a 10-year multicenter retrospective analysis. Aesthet Surg J. 40(5):531–537PubMed
107.
Antonetti JW, Antonetti AR (2010) Reducing seroma in outpatient abdominoplasty: analysis of 516 consecutive cases. Aesthet Surg J 30(3):418–425PubMed
108.
Rosen A, Hartman T (2011) Repair of the midline fascial defect in abdominoplasty with long-acting barbed and smooth absorbable sutures. Aesthet Surg J 31(6):668–673PubMed
109.
Gallagher S, Soleimani T, Wang C, Tholpady S, Jones C, Sando W (2018) Safety and utility of the drainless abdominoplasty in the post-bariatric surgery patient. Ann Plast Surg 80(2):96–99PubMed
110.
Gray S, Gittleman E, Moliver CL (2012) Safety in office-based full abdominoplasty. Aesthet Surg J 32(2):200–206PubMed
111.
Shermak MA, Rotellini-Coltvet LA, Chang D (2008) Seroma development following body contouring surgery for massive weight loss: patient risk factors and treatment strategies. Plast Reconstr Surg 122(1):280–288PubMed
112.
Di Martino M, Nahas FX, Barbosa MV, Montecinos Ayaviri NA, Kimura AK, Barella SM et al (2010) Seroma in lipoabdominoplasty and abdominoplasty: a comparative study using ultrasound. Plast Reconstr Surg 126(5):1742–1751PubMed
113.
Gould DJ, Macias LH, Saeg F, Dauwe P, Hammoudeh Z, Grant SW (2018) Seroma rates are not increased when combining liposuction with progressive tension suture abdominoplasty: a retrospective cohort study of 619 patients. Aesthet Surg J 38(7):763–769PubMed
114.
Restifo RJ (2019) Sub-scarpa’s lipectomy in abdominoplasty: an analysis of risks and rewards in 723 consecutive patients. Aesthet Surg J 39(9):966–976PubMed
115.
Stevens WG, Spring MA, Stoker DA, Cohen R, Vath SD, Hirsch EM (2007) Ten years of outpatient abdominoplasties: safe and effective. Aesthet Surg J 27(3):269–275PubMed
116.
Arantes HL, Rosique RG, Rosique MJ, Mélega JM (2010) The use of quilting suture in abdominoplasty does not require aspiratory drainage for prevention of seroma. Aesthet Plast Surg 34(1):102–104
117.
118.
Fernandes JW, Damin R, Holzmann MVN, Ribas GGO (2018) Use of an algorithm in choosing abdominoplasty techniques. Revista do Colegio Brasileiro de Cirurgioes. 45(2):e1394PubMed
119.
Holzman NL, Singh M, Caterson SA, Eriksson E, Pomahac B (2015) Use of tumescence for outpatient abdominoplasty and other concurrent body contouring procedures: a review of 65 consecutive patients. Eplasty 15:e38PubMedPubMedCentral
120.
Nurkim M, Mendonça L, Martins P, Silva J (2001) Incidence of hematoma and seroma in abdominoplasty with and without the use of drains. Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica 17(1):69–74
121.
Ramirez OM (1999) UM abdominoplasty. Aesthetic Surg J 19(4):279–286
122.
Duncan TD, Mangubat AE (2007) P120: a new abdominoplasty approach for patients following massive weight loss surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 3(3):339
123.
Rodriguez F, Borsand MA (2011) One hundred consecutive lipoabdominoplasty procedures: modified avelar technique for full abdominoplasty without panniculus undermining—advances, morbidity, and complications. Am J Cosmet Surg 28(4):241–250
124.
Ghnnam W, Elrahawy A, Moghazy ME (2016) The effect of body mass index on outcome of abdominoplasty operations. World J Plast Surg 5(3):244–251PubMedPubMedCentral
125.
Shahin MA, Hagag MG, El-Meligy MH (2018) Outcome after preservation of Scarpa’s fascia in abdominoplasty. Egypt J Surg 37(2):260
126.
Gunnarson GL, Frøyen JK, Sandbu R, Thomsen JB, Hjelmesæth J (2015) Plastic surgery after bariatric surgery. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 135(11):1044–1049PubMed
127.
Savage RC (1983) Abdominoplasty following gastrointestinal bypass sur-gery. Plast Reconstr Surg 71(4):500–509PubMed
128.
Jacobs JMS, Schechner S, Jacobs JS (2006) Abdominoplasty followingmassive weight loss. Semin Plast Surg 20(1):15–23PubMedCentral
129.
The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (2017) Cosmetic surgery national data bank statistics. Aesthet Surg J 37(suppl 2):1–29
130.
Pitanguy I. (2016) Cirurgia Plástica: Uma visão de sua amplitude. Atheneu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. pp. 67-70
131.
Alderman AK, Collins ED, Streu R, Grotting JC, Sulkin AL, Neligan P et al (2009) Benchmarking outcomes in plastic surgery: national complication rates for abdominoplasty and breast augmentation ‘outcomes article. Plast Reconstr Surg 124(6):2127–2133PubMed
132.
Brauman D, Capocci J (2009) Liposuction abdominoplasty: an advanced body contouring technique. Plast Reconstr Surg 124(5):1685–1695PubMed
133.
Zuelzer HB, Ratliff CR, Drake DB (2010) Complications of abdominal contouring surgery in obese patients: current status. Ann Plast Surg 64(5):598–604PubMed
134.
Baxter RA (2001) Controlled results with abdominoplasty. Aesthet Plast Surg 25(5):357–364
135.
Le Louarn C (1996) Partial subfascial abdominoplasty. Aesthet Plast Surg 20(2):123–127
136.
Saldanha OR, De Souza Pinto EB, Mattos WN Jr et al (2003) Lipoabdominoplasty with selective and safe undermin-ing. Aesthet Plast Surg 27(4):322–327
137.
Baroudi R, Ferreira CA (1998) Seroma: how to avoid it and how to treat it. Aesthet Surg J 18(6):439–441PubMed
138.
Pollock H, Pollock T (2000) Progressive tension sutures: a technique to reduce local complications in abdominoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 105(7):2583–2586PubMed
139.
Araco A, Sorge R, Overton J, Araco F, Gravante G (2009) Post-bariatric patients undergoing body-contouring abdom-inoplasty: two techniques to raise the flap and their influence on postoperative complications. Ann Plast Surg 62(6):613–617PubMed
140.
Bercial ME, Sabino Neto M, Calil JA, Rossetto LA, Ferreira LM (2012) Suction drains, quilting sutures, and fibrin sealant in the prevention of seroma formation in abdominoplasty: which is the best strategy? Aesthet Plast Surg 36(2):370–373
141.
Drapeau CM, D’Aniello C, Brafa A, Nicastri E, Silvestri A, Nisi G et al (2007) Surgical site infections in plastic surgery: an Italian multicenter study. J Surg Res 143(2):393–397PubMed
142.
Durai R, Ng PC (2010) Surgical vacuum drains: types, uses, and complications. AORN J 91(2):266–274PubMed
143.
Winocour J, Gupta V, Ramirez JR, Shack RB, Grotting JC, Higdon KK (2015) Abdominoplasty: risk factors, complication rates, and safety of combined procedures. Plast Reconstr Surg 136(5):597e–606ePubMed
144.
di Summa PG, Wettstein R, Erba P, Raffoul W, Kalbermatten DF (2013) Scar asymmetry after abdominoplasty: the unexpected role of seroma. Ann Plast Surg 71(5):461–463PubMed
145.
Seretis K, Goulis D, Demiri EC, Lykoudis EG (2017) Prevention of seroma formation following abdominoplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aesthetic Surg J 37(3):316–323
146.
Patronella CK, Ruiz-Razura A, Newall G et al (2008) Thromboembolism in high-risk aesthetic surgery: experience with 17 patients in a review of 3871 consecutive case. Aesthet Surg J. 28:648–655PubMed
Metadata
Title
The Global Prevalence of Seroma After Abdominoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors
Nader Salari
Behnaz Fatahi
Yalda Bartina
Mohsen Kazeminia
Mohammadbagher Heydari
Masoud Mohammadi
Mahvan Hemmati
Shamarina Shohaimi
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery / Issue 6/2021
Print ISSN: 0364-216X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-5241
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-021-02365-6

Other articles of this Issue 6/2021

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 6/2021 Go to the issue

Original Article

“A Sign of Things to Come: Training Research Output Long-Term Scholarship in Academic Plastic Surgery.”

Editor’s Invited Discussion

Invited Discussion: A New Method of Correcting Cryptotia by Changing Mechanical Fulcrum After Constricted Cartilage Overturned by Professor Ruhong Zhang, Datao Li; Tianya Li; Qun Zhang; Zhicheng Xu; Feng Xu; Yiyuan Li; Xia Chen

Original Article

Is Breast Implant Associated—Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma linked to textured implants?

Editor’s Invited Commentary

Invited Discussion on: Use of an Autologous Diced Cartilage Graft and Fat Graft Combination to Improve Regeneration in Rhinoplasty

Review

Hematoma After Non-Oncologic Breast Procedures: A Comprehensive Review of the Evidence

Original Article

A Medical Tattooing Technique for Enhancing the Three-Dimensional Appearance of the Nipple-Areola Complex After Flap-Based Nipple Reconstruction