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International Orthopaedics
Published in: International Orthopaedics 5/2021

01-05-2021 | Osteoarthrosis | Review Article

Molecular mechanisms of mechanical load-induced osteoarthritis

Authors: Tianshun Fang, Xianhao Zhou, Mingchao Jin, Jiangbo Nie, XIongfeng Li

Published in: International Orthopaedics | Issue 5/2021

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Abstract

Introduction

Mechanical loading enhances the progression of osteoarthritis. However, its molecular mechanisms have not been established.

Objective

The aim of this review was to summarize the probable mechanisms of mechanical load-induced osteoarthritis.

Methods

A comprehensive search strategy was used to search PubMed and EMBASE databases (from the 15th of January 2015 to the 20th of October 2020). Search terms included “osteoarthritis”, “mechanical load”, and “mechanism”.

Results

Abnormal mechanical loading activates the interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor kappa-B, Wnt, transforming growth factor-β, microRNAs pathways, and the oxidative stress pathway. These pathways induce the pathological progression of osteoarthritis. Mechanical stress signal receptors such as integrin, ion channel receptors, hydrogen peroxide-inducible clone-5, Gremlin-1, and transient receptor potential channel 4 are present in the articular cartilages.

Conclusion

This review highlights the molecular mechanisms of mechanical loading in inducing chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation. These mechanisms provide potential targets for osteoarthritis prevention and treatment.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Molecular mechanisms of mechanical load-induced osteoarthritis
Authors
Tianshun Fang
Xianhao Zhou
Mingchao Jin
Jiangbo Nie
XIongfeng Li
Publication date
01-05-2021
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
International Orthopaedics / Issue 5/2021
Print ISSN: 0341-2695
Electronic ISSN: 1432-5195
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-021-04938-1

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