Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy
Published in: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy 4/2008

01-04-2008 | Original Article

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Baker’s Yeast, suppresses the growth of Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice

Authors: Mamdooh Ghoneum, Nariman K. Badr El-Din, Eman Noaman, Lucilene Tolentino

Published in: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy | Issue 4/2008

Login to get access

Abstract

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness and mechanisms of anti-tumor activity of Baker’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in immunocompetent mice. Swiss albino mice were inoculated intramuscularly in the right thigh with Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cells. At day 8, mice bearing Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma tumor (SEC) were intratumorally (IT) injected with killed S. cerevisiae (10 × 106 and 20 × 106 cells) for 35 days. Histopathology of yeast-treated mice showed extensive tumor degeneration, apoptosis, and ischemic (coagulative) and liquefactive necrosis. These changes are associated with a tumor growth curve that demonstrates a significant antitumor response that peaked at 35 days. Yeast treatment (20 × 106 cells) three times a week resulted in a significant decrease in tumor volume (TV) (67.1%, P < 0.01) as compared to PBS-treated mice. The effect was determined to be dependent on dose and frequency. Yeast administered three and two times per week induced significant decrease in TV as early as 9 and 25 days post-treatment, respectively. Administration of yeast significantly enhanced the recruitment of leukocytes, including macrophages, into the tumors and triggered apoptosis in SEC cells as determined by flow cytometry (78.6%, P < 0.01) at 20 × 106 cells, as compared to PBS-treated mice (42.6%). In addition, yeast treatment elevated TNF-α and IFN-γ plasma levels and lowered the elevated IL-10 levels. No adverse side effects from the yeast treatment were observed, including feeding/drinking cycle and life activity patterns. Indeed, yeast-treated mice showed significant final body weight gain (+21.5%, P < 0.01) at day 35. These data may have clinical implications for the treatment of solid cancer with yeast, which is known to be safe for human consumption.
Literature
1.
Ahmed M, Cramer SD, Lyles DS (2004) Sensitivity of prostate tumors to wild type and M protein mutant vesicular stomatitis viruses. Virology 330(1):34–49PubMedCrossRef
2.
Arends MJ, Wyllie AH (1991) Apoptosis: mechanisms and roles in pathology. Rev Exp Pathol Int 32:223–254
3.
Bae SH, Park YJ, Park JB, Choi YS, Kim MS, Sin JI (2007) Therapeutic synergy of human papillomavirus E7 subunit vaccines plus cisplatin in an animal tumor model: causal involvement of increased sensitivity of cisplatin-treated tumors to CTL-mediated killing in therapeutic synergy. Clin Cancer Res 13(1):341–349PubMedCrossRef
4.
Balachandran S, Porosnicu M, Barber GN (2001) Oncolytic activity of vesicular stomatitis virus is effective against tumors exhibiting aberrant p53, Ras, or myc function and involves the induction of apoptosis. J Virol 75(7):3474–3479PubMedCrossRef
5.
Baron S, Tyring SK, Fleischmann WR Jr, Coppenhaver DH, Niesel DW, Klimpel GR, Stanton GJ, Hughes TK (1991) The interferon. Mechanisms of action and clinical applications. JAMA 266:1375–1383PubMedCrossRef
6.
Biber JL, Jabbour S, Parihar R, Dierksheide J, Hu Y, Baumann H, Bouchard P, Caligiuri MA, Carson W (2002) Administration of two macrophage-derived interferon-gamma-inducing factors (IL-12 and IL-15) induces a lethal systemic inflammatory response in mice that is dependent on natural killer cells but does not require interferon-gamma. Cell Immunol 216(1–2):31–42PubMedCrossRef
7.
8.
Carson WE, Dierksheide JE, Jabbour S, Anghelina M, Bouchard P, Ku G, Yu H, Baumann H, Shah MH, Cooper MA, Durbin J, Caligiuri MA (2000) Coadministration of interleukin-18 and interleukin-12 induces a fatal inflammatory response in mice: critical role of natural killer cell interferon-gamma production and STAT-mediated signal transduction. Blood 96(4):1465–1473PubMed
9.
Carson WE, Yu H, Dierksheide J, Pfeffer K, Bouchard P, Clark R, Durbin J, Baldwin AS, Peschon J, Johnson PR, Ku G, Baumann H, Caligiuri MA (1999) A fatal cytokine-induced systemic inflammatory response reveals a critical role for NK cells. J Immunol 162(8):4943–4951PubMed
10.
Cha SS, Kim MS, Choi YH, Sung BJ, Shin NK, Shin HC, Sung YC, Oh BH (1999) 2.8 A resolution crystal structure of human TRAIL, a cytokine with selective antitumor activity. Immunity 11:253–261PubMedCrossRef
11.
Farina HG, Pomies M, Alonso DF, Gomez DE (2006) Antitumor and antiangiogenic activity of soy isoflavone genistein in mouse models of melanoma and breast cancer. Oncol Rep 16(4):885–891PubMed
12.
Geoerger B, Grill J, Opolon P, Morizet J, Aubert G, Terrier-Lacombe MJ, Bressac De-Paillerets B, Barrois M, Feunteun J, Kirn DH, Vassal G (2002) Oncolytic activity of the E1B-55 kDa-deleted adenovirus ONYX-015 is independent of cellular p53 status in human malignant glioma xenografts. Cancer Res 62(3):764–772PubMed
13.
Ghoneum M (1998) Anti-HIV activity in vitro of MGN-3, an activated arabinoxylan from rice bran. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 243(1):25–29PubMedCrossRef
14.
Ghoneum M (1998) Enhancement of human natural killer cell activity by modified arabinoxylan from rice bran (MGN-3). Int J Immunother XIV(2):89–99
15.
Ghoneum M, Abedi S (2004) Enhancement of natural killer cell activity of aged mice by modified arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran). J Pharm Pharmacol 56(12):1581–1588PubMedCrossRef
16.
Ghoneum M, Brown J (1999) NK immunorestoration of cancer patients by MGN-3, a modified arabinoxylan rice bran (study of 32 patients followed for up to 4 years). In: Klatz R, Goldman R (eds) Anti-aging medical therapeutics. Vol. III. Health Quest Publications, Marina del Rey, pp 217–226
17.
Ghoneum M, Brown J, Gollapudi S (2007) “Yeast therapy for the treatment of cancer and its enhancement by MGN-3/Biobran, an arabinoxylan rice bran” in Apoptosis review. Nova, Hauppague
18.
Ghoneum M, Gollapudi S (2004) Induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the baker’s yeast, in vitro. Anticancer Res 24:1455–1463PubMed
19.
Ghoneum M, Gollapudi S (2005) Modified arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) enhances yeast-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells in vitro. Anticancer Res 25:859–870PubMed
20.
Ghoneum M, Gollapudi S (2005) Synergistic role of arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) in S. cerevisiae-induced apoptosis of monolayer breast cancer MCF-7 Cells. Anticancer Res 25:4187–4196PubMed
21.
Ghoneum M, Gollapudi S (2006) Apoptosis of breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro is induced specifically by yeast and not by fungal mycelia. Anticancer Res 26:2013–20222PubMed
22.
Ghoneum M, Hamilton J, Brown J, Gollapudi S (2005) Human squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and colon undergoes apoptosis upon phagocytosis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the baker’s yeast, in vitro. Anticancer Res 25:981–989PubMed
23.
Ghoneum M, Jewett A (2000) Production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma from human peripheral blood lymphocytes by MGN-3, a modified arabinoxylan from rice bran, and its synergy with interleukin-2 in vitro. Cancer Detect Prev 24(4):314–324PubMed
24.
Ghoneum M, Matsuura M (2004) Augmentation of macrophage phagocytosis by modified arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/biobran). Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 17(3):283–292PubMed
25.
Ghoneum M, Wang L, Agrawal S, Gollapudi S (2007) Yeast therapy for the treatment of breast cancer: a nude mice model study. In Vivo 21:251–258PubMed
26.
Gillet L, Dewals B, Farnir F, de Leval L, Vanderplasschen A (2005) Bovine herpesvirus 4 induces apoptosis of human carcinoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 65(20):9463–9472PubMedCrossRef
27.
Gollob JA, Mier JW, Veenstra K, McDermott DF, Clancy D, Clancy M, Atkins MB (2000) Phase I trial of twice-weekly intravenous interleukin 12 in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer or malignant melanoma: ability to maintain IFN-gamma induction is associated with clinical response. Clin Cancer Res 6(5):1678–1692PubMed
28.
Griebel PJ, Ohmann HB, Lawman MJ, Babiuk LA (1990) The interaction between bovine herpesvirus type 1 and activated bovine T lymphocytes. J Gen Virol 71(Pt 2):369–377PubMed
29.
Hanson MG, Ozenci V, Carlsten MC, Glimelius BL, Frodin JE, Masucci G, Malmberg KJ, Kiessling RV (2007) A short-term dietary supplementation with high doses of vitamin E increases NK cell cytolytic activity in advanced colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 56(7):973–984PubMedCrossRef
30.
Herberman RB (2002) Cancer immunotherapy with natural killer cells. Semin Oncol 29(3 Suppl 7):27–30PubMedCrossRef
31.
Hinshaw VS, Olsen CW, Dybdahl-Sissoko N, Evans D (1994) Apoptosis: a mechanism of cell killing by influenza A and B viruses. J Virol 68(6):3667–3673PubMed
32.
Hoffmann D, Bayer W, Grunwald T, Wildner O (2007) Intratumoral expression of respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein in combination with cytokines encoded by adenoviral vectors as in situ tumor vaccine for colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 6(7):1942–1950PubMedCrossRef
33.
Imagawa Y, Satake K, Kato Y, Tahara H, Tsukuda M (2004) Antitumor and antiangiogenic effects of interleukin 12 gene therapy in murine head and neck carcinoma model. Auris Nasus Larynx 31(3):239–245PubMedCrossRef
34.
Kalinski P, Giermasz A, Nakamura Y, Basse P, Storkus WJ, Kirkwood JM, Mailliard RB (2005) Helper role of NK cells during the induction of anticancer responses by dendritic cells. Mol Immunol. 42(4):535–539. ReviewPubMedCrossRef
35.
Kapoor S, Pal S, Sahni P, Dattagupta S, Kanti Chattopadhyay T (2005) Effect of pre-operative short course famotidine on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in colorectal cancer: a double blind, placebo controlled, prospective randomized study. J Surg Res 129(2):172–175PubMedCrossRef
36.
Katiyar SK, Agarwal R, Mukhtar H (1994) Inhibition of spontaneous and photo-enhanced lipid peroxidation in mouse epidermal microsomes by EC derivatives from green tea. Cancer Lett 79:61–66PubMedCrossRef
37.
Kerr JFR, Wyllie AH, Currie AR (1972) Apoptosis: a biological phenomena with wide ranging implications in tissue kinetics. Brit J cancer 26:239–257PubMed
38.
Kim DS, Kim SY, Jeong YM, Jeon SE, Kim MK, Kwon SB, Na JI, Park KC (2006) Light-activated indole-3-acetic acid induces apoptosis in g361 human melanoma cells. Biol Pharm Bull 29(12):2404–2409PubMedCrossRef
39.
Kopecky SA, Willingham MC, Lyles DS (2001) Matrix protein and another viral component contribute to induction of apoptosis in cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus. J Virol 75(24):12169–12181PubMedCrossRef
40.
Koyama AH (1995) Induction of apoptotic DNA fragmentation by the infection of vesicular stomatitis virus. Virus Res 37(3):285–290PubMedCrossRef
41.
Kumi-Diaka JK, Hassanhi M, Merchant K, Horman V (2006) Influence of genistein isoflavone on matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in prostate cancer cells. J Med Food 9(4):491–497PubMedCrossRef
42.
Lee SF, Liang YC, Lin JK (1995) Inhibition of 1,2,4-benzenetriol-generated active oxygen species and induction of phase II enzymes by green tea polyphenols. Chem Biol Interact 98:283–301PubMedCrossRef
43.
Levine B, Huang Q, Isaacs JT, Reed JC, Griffin DE, Hardwick JM (1993) Conversion of lytic to persistent alphavirus infection by the bcl-2 cellular oncogene. Nature 361(6414):739–742PubMedCrossRef
44.
Lin EY, Pollard JW (2004) Macrophages: modulators of breast cancer progression. Novartis Found Symp 256:158–168PubMed
45.
Liu A, Guardino A, Chinsangaram L, Goldstein MJ, Panicali D, Levy R (2007) Therapeutic vaccination against murine lymphoma by intratumoral injection of recombinant fowlpox virus encoding CD40 ligand. Cancer Res. 67(14):7037–7044PubMedCrossRef
46.
Lupu CM, Eisenbach C, Lupu AD, Kuefner MA, Hoyler B, Stremmel W, Encke J (2007) Adenoviral B7-H3 therapy induces tumor specific immune responses and reduces secondary metastasis in a murine model of colon cancer. Oncol Rep 18(3):745–748PubMed
47.
Malafa MP, Fokum FD, Mowlavi A, Abusief M, King M (2002) Vitamin E inhibits melanoma growth in mice. Surgery 131:85–91PubMedCrossRef
48.
Marty M, Mignot L, Gisselbrecht G, Morvan F, Gorins A, Boiron M (1985) Teratogenic and mutagenic risks of radiotherapy: when and how to prescribe contraception. Contracept Fertil Sex 13:181–186
49.
McFarland LV, Surawicz CM, Greenberg RN, Fekety R, Elmer GW, Moyer KA, Melcher SA, Bowen KE, Cox JL, Noorani Z et al (1994) A randomized placebo-controlled trial of Saccharomyces boulardii in combination with standard antibiotics for Clostridium difficile disease. Jama 271(24):1913–1918PubMedCrossRef
50.
Mills KH, Greally JF, Temperley IJ, Mullins GM (1980) Haematological and immune suppressive effects of total body irradiation in the rat. Ir J Med Sci 149:201–208PubMedCrossRef
51.
Murphy D, Detjen KM, Welzel M, Wiedenmann B, Rosewicz S (2001) Interferon-alpha delays S-phase progression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of specific cyclin-dependent kinases. Hepatology 33(2):346–356PubMedCrossRef
52.
Neuzil J (2003) Vitamin E succinate and cancer treatment: a vitamin E prototype for selective antitumour activity. Br J Cancer 89:1822–1826PubMedCrossRef
53.
Parshad R, Hazrah P, Kumar S, Gupta SD, Ray R, Bal S (2005) Effect of preoperative short course famotidine on TILs and survival in breast cancer. Indian J Cancer 42(4):185–190PubMed
54.
Parshad R, Kapoor S, Gupta SD, Kumar A, Chattopadhyaya TK (2002) Does famotidine enhance tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer? Results of a randomized prospective pilot study. Acta Oncol 41(4):362–365PubMedCrossRef
55.
Pelizon AC, Kaneno R, Soares AM, Meira DA, Sartori A (2005) Immunomodulatory activities associated with beta-glucan derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Physiol Res. 54(5):557–564PubMed
56.
Pfluger P, Kluth D, Landes N, Bumke-Vogt C, Brigelius-Flohe R (2004) Vitamin E: underestimated as an antioxidant. Redox Rep 9(5):249–254 ReviewPubMedCrossRef
57.
Rahim SS, Khan N, Boddupalli CS, Hasnain SE, Mukhopadhyay S (2005) Interleukin-10 (IL-10) mediated suppression of IL-12 production in RAW 264.7 cells also involves c-rel transcription factor. Immunology 114(3):313–321PubMedCrossRef
58.
Raychaudhuri B, Fisher CJ, Farver CF, Malur A, Drazba J, Kavuru MS, Thomassen MJ (2000) Interleukin 10 (IL-10)-mediated inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production by human alveolar macrophages. Cytokine 12(9):1348–1355PubMedCrossRef
59.
Rodriguez SK, Guo W, Liu L, Band MA, Paulson EK, Meydani M (2006) Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor angiogenic signaling by disrupting the formation of a receptor complex. Int J Cancer. 118(7):1635–1644PubMedCrossRef
60.
Rothmann T, Hengstermann A, Whitaker NJ, Scheffner M, zur Hausen H (1998) Replication of ONYX-015, a potential anticancer adenovirus, is independent of p53 status in tumor cells. J Virol 72(12):9470–9478PubMed
61.
Sanderson BJ, Ferguson LR, Denny WA (1996) Mutagenic and carcinogenic properties of platinum-based anticancer drugs. Mutat Res 355:59–70PubMed
62.
Santin AD, Hermonat PL, Ravaggi A, Bellone S, Roman J, Pecorelli S, Cannon M, Parham GP (2000) Effects of concurrent cisplatinum administration during radiotherapy vs. radiotherapy alone on the immune function of patients with cancer of the uterine cervix. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48:997–1006PubMedCrossRef
63.
Sasagawa T, Hlaing M, Akaike T (2000) Synergistic induction of apoptosis in murine hepatoma Hepa1–6 cells by IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 272(3):674–680PubMedCrossRef
64.
Stojdl DF, Lichty B, Knowles S, Marius R, Atkins H, Sonenberg N, Bell JC (2000) Exploiting tumor-specific defects in the interferon pathway with a previously unknown oncolytic virus. Nat Med 6(7):821–825PubMedCrossRef
65.
Suk K, Kim YH, Chang I, Kim JY, Choi YH, Lee KY, Lee MS (2001) IFNalpha sensitizes ME-180 human cervical cancer cells to TNFalpha-induced apoptosis by inhibiting cytoprotective NF-kappaB activation. FEBS Lett 495:66–70PubMedCrossRef
66.
Surawicz CM, McFarland LV, Elmer G, Chinn J (1989) Treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile colitis with vancomycin and Saccharomyces boulardii. Am J Gastroenterol 84(10):1285–1287PubMed
67.
Takizawa T, Matsukawa S, Higuchi Y, Nakamura S, Nakanishi Y, Fukuda R (1993) Induction of programmed cell death (apoptosis) by influenza virus infection in tissue culture cells. J Gen Virol 74(Pt 11):2347–2355PubMedCrossRef
68.
Tribukait B, Moberger G, Zetterberg A (1975) Methodological aspects of rapid flow cytofluorometry for DNA analysis of human urinary bladder cells. In: Pulse-Cytophotometry, part I. European press, Medicon, Ghent, Belgium, pp 50–60
69.
Turnquist HR, Lin X, Ashour AE, Hollingsworth MA, Singh RK, Talmadge JE, Solheim JC (2007) CCL21 induces extensive intratumoral immune cell infiltration and specific anti-tumor cellular immunity. Int J Oncol 30(3):631–639PubMed
70.
Wang P, Wu P, Siegel MI, Egan RW, Billah MM (1995) Interleukin (IL)-10 inhibits nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B) activation in human monocytes. IL-10 and IL-4 suppress cytokine synthesis by different mechanisms. J Biol Chem. 270(16):9558–9563PubMedCrossRef
71.
Weisfuse IB, Graham DJ, Will M, Parkinson D, Snydman DR, Atkins M, Karron RA, Feinstone S, Rayner AA, Fisher RI, et al (1990) An outbreak of hepatitis A among cancer patients treated with interleukin-2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells. J Infect Dis 161(4):647–652PubMed
72.
Wenk R, Bertolino M, Ochoa J, Cullen C, Bertucelli N, Bruera E (2000) Laxative effects of fresh baker’s yeast. J Pain Symptom Manage 19(3):163–164PubMedCrossRef
73.
Whitsett TG Jr, Lamartiniere CA (2006) Genistein and resveratrol: mammary cancer chemoprevention and mechanisms of action in the rat. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 6(12):1699–1706PubMedCrossRef
74.
Whitworth PW, Pak CC, Esgro J, Kleinerman ES, Fidler IJ (1990) Macrophages and cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 8(4):319–351PubMedCrossRef
75.
Yano H, Iemura A, Haramaki M, Ogasawara S, Takayama A, Akiba J, Kojiro M (1999) Interferon alfa receptor expression and growth inhibition by interferon alfa in human liver cancer cell lines. Hepatology 29(6):1708–1717PubMedCrossRef
76.
Yeh TC, Chiang PC, Li TK, Hsu JL, Lin CJ, Wang SW, Peng CY, Guh JH (2007) Genistein induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinomas via interaction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial insult. Biochem Pharmacol. 73(6):782–792PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Baker’s Yeast, suppresses the growth of Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice
Authors
Mamdooh Ghoneum
Nariman K. Badr El-Din
Eman Noaman
Lucilene Tolentino
Publication date
01-04-2008
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy / Issue 4/2008
Print ISSN: 0340-7004
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0851
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-007-0398-9

Other articles of this Issue 4/2008

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy 4/2008 Go to the issue

Meeting Report

Progress in vaccination against cancer-7: report of the meeting in Stockholm, September 10–11, 2007

Original Article

CpG-ODN but not other TLR-ligands restore the antitumor responses in old mice: the implications for vaccinations in the aged

Original Article

Listeriolysin O is an improved protein carrier for lymphoma immunoglobulin idiotype and provides systemic protection against 38C13 lymphoma

Original Article

Transient downregulation of monocyte-derived dendritic-cell differentiation, function, and survival during tumoral progression and regression in an in vivo canine model of transmissible venereal tumor

Original Article

CXCR5 may be involved in the attraction of human metastatic neuroblastoma cells to the bone marrow

Original Article

Introduction of functional chimeric E/L-selectin by RNA electroporation to target dendritic cells from blood to lymph nodes
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Watch now

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Image Credits