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European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
Published in: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2/2023

Open Access 27-09-2022 | Opioids | Original Article

[11C]carfentanil PET imaging for studying the peripheral opioid system in vivo: effect of photoperiod on mu-opioid receptor availability in brown adipose tissue

Authors: Lihua Sun, Richard Aarnio, Erika Atencio Herre, Salli Kärnä, Senthil Palani, Helena Virtanen, Heidi Liljenbäck, Jenni Virta, Aake Honkaniemi, Vesa Oikonen, Chunlei Han, Sanna Laurila, Marco Bucci, Semi Helin, Emrah Yatkin, Lauri Nummenmaa, Pirjo Nuutila, Jing Tang, Anne Roivainen

Published in: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging | Issue 2/2023

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Abstract

Purpose

Photoperiod determines the metabolic activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and affects the food intake and body mass of mammals. Sympathetic innervation of the BAT controls thermogenesis and facilitates physiological adaption to seasonal changes, but the exact mechanism remains elusive. Previous studies have shown that central opioid signaling regulates BAT thermogenesis, and that the expression of the brain mu-opioid receptor (MOR) varies seasonally. Therefore, it is important to know whether MOR expression in BAT shows seasonal variation.

Methods

We determined the effect of photoperiod on BAT MOR availability using [11C]carfentanil positron emission tomography (PET). Adult rats (n = 9) were repeatedly imaged under various photoperiods in order to simulate seasonal changes.

Results

Long photoperiod was associated with low MOR expression in BAT (β =  − 0.04, 95% confidence interval: − 0.07, − 0.01), but not in muscles. We confirmed the expression of MOR in BAT and muscle using immunofluorescence staining.

Conclusion

Photoperiod affects MOR availability in BAT. Sympathetic innervation of BAT may influence thermogenesis via the peripheral MOR system. The present study supports the utility of [11C]carfentanil PET to study the peripheral MOR system.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
[11C]carfentanil PET imaging for studying the peripheral opioid system in vivo: effect of photoperiod on mu-opioid receptor availability in brown adipose tissue
Authors
Lihua Sun
Richard Aarnio
Erika Atencio Herre
Salli Kärnä
Senthil Palani
Helena Virtanen
Heidi Liljenbäck
Jenni Virta
Aake Honkaniemi
Vesa Oikonen
Chunlei Han
Sanna Laurila
Marco Bucci
Semi Helin
Emrah Yatkin
Lauri Nummenmaa
Pirjo Nuutila
Jing Tang
Anne Roivainen
Publication date
27-09-2022
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging / Issue 2/2023
Print ISSN: 1619-7070
Electronic ISSN: 1619-7089
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-022-05969-5

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