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European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
Published in: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 4/2009

01-04-2009 | Original Article

Usefulness of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for diagnosing disease activity and monitoring therapeutic response in patients with pulmonary mycobacteriosis

Authors: Yoshiki Demura, Tatsuro Tsuchida, Daisuke Uesaka, Yukihiro Umeda, Miwa Morikawa, Shingo Ameshima, Takeshi Ishizaki, Yasuhisa Fujibayashi, Hidehiko Okazawa

Published in: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging | Issue 4/2009

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the usefulness of 18F-FDG PET in the imaging of pulmonary lesions related to disease activity and in monitoring responses to treatment in patients with pulmonary mycobacteriosis (PM).

Materials and methods

We used high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and 18F-FDG PET to evaluate 47 consecutive untreated patients with PM, 25 with tuberculosis (TB) and 22 with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC), who presented with small peripheral pulmonary nodules ≤3 cm, and compared the findings. The diagnosis of mycobacteriosis was confirmed by bacteriological examinations of bronchoscopic or surgically resected specimens. PET scans were visually and quantitatively analysed using SUVmax. In addition, 14 patients with PM underwent repeat PET scanning during antimycobacterial therapy, and changes in 18F-FDG uptake were clinically evaluated (6 during treatment and 12 after treatment).

Results

Of all the lesions, 87.2% had SUVmax levels ranging from 3 to 7 (5.05 ± 1.56, range 2.5–7.6, n = 47). Further, SUV levels in patients with PM reflected disease activity as estimated by HRCT, but did not differ significantly between those with TB (4.96 ± 1.61, n = 25) and MAC (5.15 ± 1.53, n = 22). 18F-FDG uptake was significantly decreased in all 14 patients who received chemotherapy, indicating a positive response to treatment.

Conclusion

18F-FDG PET is considered to be useful for the diagnosis and evaluation of disease activity along with HRCT findings, and in monitoring response to chemotherapy in patients with PM.
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Metadata
Title
Usefulness of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for diagnosing disease activity and monitoring therapeutic response in patients with pulmonary mycobacteriosis
Authors
Yoshiki Demura
Tatsuro Tsuchida
Daisuke Uesaka
Yukihiro Umeda
Miwa Morikawa
Shingo Ameshima
Takeshi Ishizaki
Yasuhisa Fujibayashi
Hidehiko Okazawa
Publication date
01-04-2009
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging / Issue 4/2009
Print ISSN: 1619-7070
Electronic ISSN: 1619-7089
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-008-1009-5

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