Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Skeletal Radiology
Published in: Skeletal Radiology 4/2008

01-04-2008 | Review Article

Imaging of sacral tumours

Authors: S. Gerber, L. Ollivier, J. Leclère, D. Vanel, G. Missenard, H. Brisse, G. de Pinieux, S. Neuenschwander

Published in: Skeletal Radiology | Issue 4/2008

Login to get access

Abstract

All components of the sacrum (bone, cartilage, bone marrow, meninges, nerves, notochord remnants, etc.) can give rise to benign or malignant tumours. Bone metastases and intraosseous sites of haematological malignancies, lymphoma and multiple myeloma are the most frequent aetiologies, while primary bone tumours and meningeal or nerve tumours are less common. Some histological types have a predilection for the sacrum, especially chordoma and giant cell tumour. Clinical signs are usually minor, and sacral tumours are often discovered in the context of nerve root or pelvic organ compression. The roles of conventional radiology, CT and MRI are described and compared with the histological features of the main tumours. The impact of imaging on treatment decisions and follow-up is also reviewed.
Literature
1.
Diel J, Ortiz O, Losada RA, Price DB, Hayt MW, Katz DS. The sacrum: pathologic spectrum, multimodality imaging, and subspecialty approach. Radiographics 2001; 21: 83–104.PubMed
2.
Disler DG, Miklic D. Imaging findings in tumors of the sacrum. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1999; 173: 1699–1706.PubMed
3.
Llauger J, Palmer J, Amores S, Bague S, Camins A. Primary tumors of the sacrum: diagnostic imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 174: 417–424.PubMed
4.
Unni KK. Dahlin’s bone tumors: general aspects and data on 11,087 cases, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1997.
5.
Missenard G. Tumeurs osseuses primitives du sacrum et de la sacro-iliaque. Cahiers d’enseignement de la SOFCOT pp 181–193. Conférences d’enseignement,1996.
6.
Murphey MD, Andrews CL, Flemming DJ, Temple HT, Smith WS, Smirniotopoulos JG Primary tumors of the spine: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 1996; 16: 1131–1158.PubMed
7.
Manaster BJ, Graham T. Imaging of sacral tumors. Neurosurg Focus 2003; 15 2: 1–8.CrossRef
8.
Nguyen BD, Daffner RH, Dash N, Rothfus WE, Nathan G, Toca AR. Case report 790. Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the sacrum. Skeletal Radiol 1993; 22: 362–366.PubMed
9.
Horger M, Bares R. The role of single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography in benign and malignant bone disease. Semin Nucl Med 2006; 36 4: 286–94. Oct.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Lanzieri CF, Sacher M, Solodnik P, Hermann G, Cohen B, Rabinowitz JG. Unusual patterns of solitary sacral plasmocytoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1978; 8: 566–567.
11.
Mulligan ME, McRae GA, Murphey MD. Imaging features of primary lymphoma of bone. AJR Am J Roengenol 1999; 173: 1691–1697.PubMed
12.
Forest M. Chordoma. In: Orthopedic surgical pathology: diagnosis of tumors and pseudotumoral lesions of bone and joints. Forest M, Tomeno B, Vanel D (eds). Churchill Livingstone: pp 397–413.
13.
Yamaguchi T, Yamato M, Saotome K. First histologically confirmed case of a classic chordoma arising in a precursor benign notochordal lesion: differential diagnosis of benign and malignant notochordal lesions. Skeletal Radiol 2002;31:413–418.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Raque GH, Vitaz TW, Shields CB. Treatment of neoplastic diseases of the sacrum. J Surg Oncol 2001; 76: 301–307.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Dahlin DC. Giant cell tumor of bone: highlights of 407 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1985; 144: 955–960.PubMed
16.
Anract Ph, de Pinieux G, Cottias P, Pouillart P, Forest M, Tomeno B. Malignant giant-cell tumors of bone. Clinico-pathologic types and prognosis: a review of 29 cases. Int Orthop1998; 22: 19–26.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Forest M, Tomen B, Vanel D. Orthopedic surgical pathology. Churchill Livingstone; 1988; pp 415–440.
18.
Campanacci M, Giunti A, Olmi R. Giant-cell tumors of bone: a study of 209 cases with long-term follow-up in 130. Ital J Orthop Traumatol 1975; 1: 249–277.
19.
Tsai JC, Dalinka MK, Fallon MD, Zlatkin MB, Kressel HY. Fluid-fluid level: a nonspecific finding in tumors of bone and soft tissue. Radiology 1990; 175: 779–782.PubMed
20.
Whitehouse GH, Griffiths GJ. Roentgenologic aspects of spinal involvement by primary and metastatic Ewing’s tumor. J Can Assoc Radiol 1976; 27: 290–297.PubMed
21.
Green R, Saifuddin A, Cannon S. Pictorial review: imaging of primary osteosarcoma of the spine. Clin Radiol 1996; 51: 325–329.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Haibach H, Farrell C, Ditrich FJ. Neoplasms arising in Paget’s disease of bone: a study of 82 cases. Am J Clin Pathol 1985; 83: 594–600.PubMed
23.
Capanna R, Van Horn JR, Biagini B, Ruggieri P. Aneurysmal cyst of the sacrum. Skeletal Radiol 1989; 18: 109–113.PubMedCrossRef
24.
Kaplan PA, Murphey M, Greenway G, Resnick D, Sartoris DJ, Harms S. Fluid-fluid levels in giant cell tumors of bone: report of two cases. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1987; 11: 151–155.CrossRef
25.
Capanna R, Ayala A, Bertoni F, et al. Sacral osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma: a report of 13 cases. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1986; 105: 205–210.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Jackson RP, Reckling FW, Mantz FA. Osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma. Clin Orthop 1977; 128: 303–313.PubMed
27.
Gamba JL, Martinez S, Apple J, Harrelson JM, Nunley JA. Computed tomography of axial skeletal osteoid osteomas. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1984; 142: 769–772.PubMed
28.
Kroon H, Schurmans J. Osteoblastoma: clinical and radiologic findings in 98 new cases. Radiology 1990: 175: 783–790.PubMed
29.
Laredo JD, Assouline E, Gelbert F, Wybier M, Merland JJ, Tubiana JM. Vertebral hemangiomas: fat content as a sign of aggressiveness. Radiology 1990; 177: 467–472.PubMed
30.
Lath R, Rajshekhar V, Chacko G. Sacral haemangioma as a cause of coccydynia. Neuroradiology 1998; 40: 524–526.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Schneider DT, Calaminus G, Koch S et al. Epidemiologic analysis of 1,442 children and adolescents registered in the German germ cell tumor protocols. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2004; 42: 169–175.PubMedCrossRef
32.
33.
Paulsen RD, Call GA, Murtagh FR. Prevalence and percutaneous drainage of cysts of the sacral nerve root sheath (Tarlov cysts). AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994; 15: 293–297.PubMed
34.
Patel MR, Louie W, Rachlin J. Percutaneous fibrin glue therapy of meningeal cysts of the sacral spine. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997; 168: 367–370.PubMed
35.
Davis SW, Levy LM, LeBihan DJ, et al. Sacral meningeal cysts: evaluation with MR imaging. Radiology 1993; 187: 445–448.PubMed
36.
Wood JB, Wolpert SM. Lumbosacral meningioma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1985; 6: 450–451.PubMed
37.
38.
Enzinger FM, Weiss SW. Soft tissue tumors, 3rd ed. Mosby; 1995; pp 821–885.
39.
Brisse H, Edeline V, Michon J, Couanet D, Zucker J, Neuenschwander S. Current strategy for imaging of neuroblastoma. J Radiol 2001; 82: 447–454.PubMed
40.
Leeson MC, Hite M. Ganglioneuroma of the sacrum. Clin Orthop 1989; 246: 102–105.PubMed
41.
Richardson RR, Reyes R, Sanchez RA, Torres H, Vela S. Ganglioneuroma of the sacrum. Spine 1986; 11: 87–89.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Moelleken SMC, Seeger LL, Eckardt JJ, Batzdork U. Myxopapillary ependymoma with extensive sacral destruction: CT and MR findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1992; 16: 164–166.PubMed
43.
Aktug T, Hakguder G, Sarioglu S, Akgur FM, Olguner M, Pabuccuoglu U. Sacrococcygeal extraspinal ependymomas: the role of coccygectomy. J Pediatr Surg 2000; 35: 515–518.PubMedCrossRef
44.
Schnee CL, Hurst RW, Curtis MT, Friedman ED. Carcinoid tumor of the sacrum: case report. Neurosurgery 1994; 35: 1163–1167.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Feldenzer JA, McGauley JL, McGillicuddy JE. Sacral and presacral tumors: problems in diagnosis and management. Neurosurgery 1989; 25: 884–891.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Imaging of sacral tumours
Authors
S. Gerber
L. Ollivier
J. Leclère
D. Vanel
G. Missenard
H. Brisse
G. de Pinieux
S. Neuenschwander
Publication date
01-04-2008
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Skeletal Radiology / Issue 4/2008
Print ISSN: 0364-2348
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2161
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-007-0413-4

Other articles of this Issue 4/2008

Skeletal Radiology 4/2008 Go to the issue

Test Yourself

An elderly man with a slowly growing painless mass in the soft tissues of the lower leg: diagnosis and discussion

Browser's Notes

BROWSER’S NOTES

Case Report

Cartilaginous avulsion fracture of the tibial spine in a 5-year-old girl

Case Report

Candida albicans osteomyelitis of the cervical spine

Scientific Article

Frequency of USP6 rearrangements in myositis ossificans, brown tumor, and cherubism: molecular cytogenetic evidence that a subset of “myositis ossificans-like lesions” are the early phases in the formation of soft-tissue aneurysmal bone cyst

Scientific Article

Hoffa’s fat pad injuries and their relationship with anterior cruciate ligament tears: new observations based on MR imaging in patients and MR imaging and anatomic correlation in cadavers