Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Osteoporosis International 6/2017

01-06-2017 | Review

Imminent fracture risk

Authors: C. Roux, K. Briot

Published in: Osteoporosis International | Issue 6/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

The clinical significance of osteoporosis is in the occurrence of fractures and re-fractures. The main risk factor of sustaining a fracture is a previous one, but a recent fracture is a better fracture risk factor than fracture history. The role of the recency of fracture has been shown for both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk. This imminent risk is explained by both bone-related factors (underlying osteoporosis) and fall-related factors (including those related to postfracture care). Such a short-term increased risk has been shown also in patients initiating corticosteroids and in frail osteoporotic subjects with central nervous system (CNS) diseases or drugs targeting CNS, and thus a high risk of falls. Patients with an imminent (i.e. 2 years) risk of fracture or refracture should be identified in priority in order to receive an immediate treatment and a program of fall prevention.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Bliuc D, Nguyen D, Milch VE, Nguyen TV, Eisman JA, Center JR (2009) Mortality risk associated with low-trauma osteoporotic fracture and subsequent fracture in men and women. JAMA 301:513–521CrossRefPubMed Bliuc D, Nguyen D, Milch VE, Nguyen TV, Eisman JA, Center JR (2009) Mortality risk associated with low-trauma osteoporotic fracture and subsequent fracture in men and women. JAMA 301:513–521CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Siris ES, Gehlbach S, Adachi JD, Boonen S, Chapurlat RD, Compston JE et al (2011) Failure to perceive increased risk of fracture in women 55 years and older: the Global Longitudinal Study of Osteoporosis in Women (GLOW). Osteoporos Int 22:27–35CrossRefPubMed Siris ES, Gehlbach S, Adachi JD, Boonen S, Chapurlat RD, Compston JE et al (2011) Failure to perceive increased risk of fracture in women 55 years and older: the Global Longitudinal Study of Osteoporosis in Women (GLOW). Osteoporos Int 22:27–35CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Sale JE, Gignac MA, Hawker G, Beaton D, Frankel L, Bogoch E et al (2016) Patients do not have a consistent understanding of high risk for future fracture: a qualitative study of patients from a post-fracture secondary prevention program. Osteoporos Int 27:65–73CrossRefPubMed Sale JE, Gignac MA, Hawker G, Beaton D, Frankel L, Bogoch E et al (2016) Patients do not have a consistent understanding of high risk for future fracture: a qualitative study of patients from a post-fracture secondary prevention program. Osteoporos Int 27:65–73CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Alami S, Hervouet L, Poiraudeau S, Briot K, Roux C (2016) Barriers of effective postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment: a qualitative study of patients’ and practitioners’ views. PLoS One. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158365 Alami S, Hervouet L, Poiraudeau S, Briot K, Roux C (2016) Barriers of effective postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment: a qualitative study of patients’ and practitioners’ views. PLoS One. doi:10.​1371/​journal.​pone.​0158365
5.
go back to reference Douglas F, Petrie KJ, Cundy T, Horne A, Gamble G, Grey A (2012) Differing perceptions of intervention thresholds for fracture risk: a survey of patients and doctors. Osteoporos Int 23:2135–2140CrossRefPubMed Douglas F, Petrie KJ, Cundy T, Horne A, Gamble G, Grey A (2012) Differing perceptions of intervention thresholds for fracture risk: a survey of patients and doctors. Osteoporos Int 23:2135–2140CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Van Staa TP, Leufkens HGM, Abenhaim B, Zhang B, Cooper C (2000) Use of oral corticosteroids and risk of fractures. J Bone Miner Res 15:993–1000CrossRefPubMed Van Staa TP, Leufkens HGM, Abenhaim B, Zhang B, Cooper C (2000) Use of oral corticosteroids and risk of fractures. J Bone Miner Res 15:993–1000CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Amiche MA, Albaum JM, Tadrous M, Pechlivanoglou P, Lévesque LE, Adachi JD, Cadarette SM (2016) Fracture risk in oral glucocorticoid users: a Baysesian met-regression leveraging control arms of osteoporosis clinical trials. Osteoporos Int 27:1709–1718CrossRefPubMed Amiche MA, Albaum JM, Tadrous M, Pechlivanoglou P, Lévesque LE, Adachi JD, Cadarette SM (2016) Fracture risk in oral glucocorticoid users: a Baysesian met-regression leveraging control arms of osteoporosis clinical trials. Osteoporos Int 27:1709–1718CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Center JR, Bliuc D, Nguyen TV, Eisman JA (2007) Risk of subsequent fracture after low-trauma fracture in men and women. JAMA 297:387–394CrossRefPubMed Center JR, Bliuc D, Nguyen TV, Eisman JA (2007) Risk of subsequent fracture after low-trauma fracture in men and women. JAMA 297:387–394CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference van Geel TACM, van Helden S, Geusens PP, Winkens B, Dinant GJ (2009) Clinical subsequent fractures cluster in time after first fractures. Ann Rheum Dis 68:99–102CrossRefPubMed van Geel TACM, van Helden S, Geusens PP, Winkens B, Dinant GJ (2009) Clinical subsequent fractures cluster in time after first fractures. Ann Rheum Dis 68:99–102CrossRefPubMed
10.
11.
go back to reference Lindsay R, Silverman SL, Cooper C, Hanley DA, Barton I, Broy SB et al (2001) Risk of new vertebral fracture in the year following a fracture. JAMA 285:320–323CrossRefPubMed Lindsay R, Silverman SL, Cooper C, Hanley DA, Barton I, Broy SB et al (2001) Risk of new vertebral fracture in the year following a fracture. JAMA 285:320–323CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Roux C, Fechtenbaum J, Kolta S, Briot K, Girard M (2007) Mild prevalent and incident vertebral fractures are risk factors for new fractures. Osteoporos Int 18:1617–1624CrossRefPubMed Roux C, Fechtenbaum J, Kolta S, Briot K, Girard M (2007) Mild prevalent and incident vertebral fractures are risk factors for new fractures. Osteoporos Int 18:1617–1624CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Huntjens KMB, Kosar S, van Geel TACM, Geusens PP, Willems P, Kessels A et al (2010) Risk of subsequent fracture and mortality within 5 years after a non-vertebral fracture. Osteoporos Int 21:2075–2082CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Huntjens KMB, Kosar S, van Geel TACM, Geusens PP, Willems P, Kessels A et al (2010) Risk of subsequent fracture and mortality within 5 years after a non-vertebral fracture. Osteoporos Int 21:2075–2082CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
go back to reference Maravic M, Briot K, Roux C (2014) Burden of proximal humerus fractures in the French national hospital database. Orthopedics and Traumatology Surgery and Research 100:931–934CrossRef Maravic M, Briot K, Roux C (2014) Burden of proximal humerus fractures in the French national hospital database. Orthopedics and Traumatology Surgery and Research 100:931–934CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Clinton J, Franta A, Polissar NL, Neradilek B, Mounce D, Fink HA et al (2009) Proximal humeral fracture as a risk factor for subsequent hip fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:503–511CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Clinton J, Franta A, Polissar NL, Neradilek B, Mounce D, Fink HA et al (2009) Proximal humeral fracture as a risk factor for subsequent hip fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:503–511CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
16.
go back to reference Schousboe JT, Fink HA, Taylor BC, Stone KL, Hillier TA, Nevitte MC et al (2005) Association between self-reported prior wrist fractures and risk of subsequent hip and radiographic vertebral fractures in older women: a prospective study. J Bone Miner Res 20:100–106CrossRefPubMed Schousboe JT, Fink HA, Taylor BC, Stone KL, Hillier TA, Nevitte MC et al (2005) Association between self-reported prior wrist fractures and risk of subsequent hip and radiographic vertebral fractures in older women: a prospective study. J Bone Miner Res 20:100–106CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Berry SD, Samelson EJ, Ngo L, Bordes M, Broe KE, Kiel DP (2008) Subsequent fracture in nursing home residents with a hip fracture: a competing risks approach. J Am Geriatr Soc 56:1887–1892CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Berry SD, Samelson EJ, Ngo L, Bordes M, Broe KE, Kiel DP (2008) Subsequent fracture in nursing home residents with a hip fracture: a competing risks approach. J Am Geriatr Soc 56:1887–1892CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
go back to reference Chen JS, Cameron ID, Simpson JM, Seibel MJ, March LM, Cummings RG et al (2011) Low-trauma fractures indicate increased risk of hip fracture in frail older people. J Bone and Miner Research 26:428–433CrossRef Chen JS, Cameron ID, Simpson JM, Seibel MJ, March LM, Cummings RG et al (2011) Low-trauma fractures indicate increased risk of hip fracture in frail older people. J Bone and Miner Research 26:428–433CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Ryg J, Rejnmark L, Overgaard S, Brixen K, Vestergaard P (2009) Hip fracture patients at risk of second hip fracture: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 169,145 cases during 1977–2001. J Bone Miner Res 24:1299–1307CrossRefPubMed Ryg J, Rejnmark L, Overgaard S, Brixen K, Vestergaard P (2009) Hip fracture patients at risk of second hip fracture: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 169,145 cases during 1977–2001. J Bone Miner Res 24:1299–1307CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Bynum JPW, Bell JE, Cantu RV, Wang Q, McDonough CM, Carmichael D et al (2016) Second fractures among older adults in the year following hip, shoulder, or wrist fracture. Osteoporos Int 27:2207–2215CrossRefPubMed Bynum JPW, Bell JE, Cantu RV, Wang Q, McDonough CM, Carmichael D et al (2016) Second fractures among older adults in the year following hip, shoulder, or wrist fracture. Osteoporos Int 27:2207–2215CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Munson JC, Bynum JPW, Bell JE, Cantu R, Mc Donough C, Wang Q et al (2016) Patterns of prescription drug use before and after fragility fracture. JAMA Inter Med 176:1531–1538CrossRef Munson JC, Bynum JPW, Bell JE, Cantu R, Mc Donough C, Wang Q et al (2016) Patterns of prescription drug use before and after fragility fracture. JAMA Inter Med 176:1531–1538CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Huntjens KMB, van Geel T, van den Bergh JPW, van Helden S, Willems P, Winkens B et al. Fracture liaison service: impact on subsequent non-vertebral fracture incidence and mortality. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2014; 96:e29(1–8). Huntjens KMB, van Geel T, van den Bergh JPW, van Helden S, Willems P, Winkens B et al. Fracture liaison service: impact on subsequent non-vertebral fracture incidence and mortality. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2014; 96:e29(1–8).
23.
go back to reference Bawa HS, Weick J, Dirschl DR (2015) Anti-osteoporotic therapy after fragility fracture lowers rate of subsequent fracture. J Bone Joint Surg Am 97:1555–1562CrossRefPubMed Bawa HS, Weick J, Dirschl DR (2015) Anti-osteoporotic therapy after fragility fracture lowers rate of subsequent fracture. J Bone Joint Surg Am 97:1555–1562CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Black DM, Thompson DE, Bauer DC, Ensrud K, Musliner T, Hochberg MC et al (2000) Fracture risk reduction with alendronate in women with osteoporosis: the fracture intervention trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:4118–4124CrossRefPubMed Black DM, Thompson DE, Bauer DC, Ensrud K, Musliner T, Hochberg MC et al (2000) Fracture risk reduction with alendronate in women with osteoporosis: the fracture intervention trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:4118–4124CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Harris ST, Watts NB, Genant HK, McKeever CK, Hangartner T, Keller M et al (1999) Effects of risedronate treatment on vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in women with post-menopausal osteoporosis. JAMA 282:1344–1352CrossRefPubMed Harris ST, Watts NB, Genant HK, McKeever CK, Hangartner T, Keller M et al (1999) Effects of risedronate treatment on vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in women with post-menopausal osteoporosis. JAMA 282:1344–1352CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Cummings SR, San Martin J, Mc Clung M, Siris E, Eastell R, Reid IR et al (2009) Denosumab for prevention of fractures in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 361:756–765CrossRefPubMed Cummings SR, San Martin J, Mc Clung M, Siris E, Eastell R, Reid IR et al (2009) Denosumab for prevention of fractures in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 361:756–765CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Lyles KW, Colon-Emeric CS, Magazine JS, Adachi J, Pieper CF, Mautalen C et al (2007) Zoledronic acid and clinical fractures and mortality after hip fracture. N Engl J Med 357:1799–1809CrossRefPubMed Lyles KW, Colon-Emeric CS, Magazine JS, Adachi J, Pieper CF, Mautalen C et al (2007) Zoledronic acid and clinical fractures and mortality after hip fracture. N Engl J Med 357:1799–1809CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Neer RM, Arnaud CD, Zanchetta JR, Prince R, Gaich GA, Reginster JY et al (2001) Effect of parathyroid hormone (1-34) on fractures and bone mineral density in post-menopausel women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 344:1434–1441CrossRefPubMed Neer RM, Arnaud CD, Zanchetta JR, Prince R, Gaich GA, Reginster JY et al (2001) Effect of parathyroid hormone (1-34) on fractures and bone mineral density in post-menopausel women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 344:1434–1441CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Miller PD, Hattersley G, Riis BJ, Williams GC, Lau E, Russo LA et al (2016) Effect of abaloparatide vs placebo on new vertebral fractures in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis. JAMA 316:722–733CrossRefPubMed Miller PD, Hattersley G, Riis BJ, Williams GC, Lau E, Russo LA et al (2016) Effect of abaloparatide vs placebo on new vertebral fractures in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis. JAMA 316:722–733CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Cosman F, Crittenden DB, Adachi JD, Binkley N, Czerwinski E, Ferrari S et al (2016) Romosozumab treatment in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 375:1532–1543CrossRefPubMed Cosman F, Crittenden DB, Adachi JD, Binkley N, Czerwinski E, Ferrari S et al (2016) Romosozumab treatment in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 375:1532–1543CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Huntjens K, van Geel T, van Helden S, van den Bergh J, Willems P, Winkens B et al (2013) The role of the combination of bone and fall related risk factors on short-term subsequent fracture risk and mortality. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 14:121CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Huntjens K, van Geel T, van Helden S, van den Bergh J, Willems P, Winkens B et al (2013) The role of the combination of bone and fall related risk factors on short-term subsequent fracture risk and mortality. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 14:121CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
go back to reference Gill TM, Pahor M, Guralnik JM, Mc Dermott MM, King AC, Buford TW et al (2016) Effect of structured physical activity on prevention of serious fall injuries in adults ages 70–89: randomized clinical trial (LIFE study). BMJ 352:i245CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Gill TM, Pahor M, Guralnik JM, Mc Dermott MM, King AC, Buford TW et al (2016) Effect of structured physical activity on prevention of serious fall injuries in adults ages 70–89: randomized clinical trial (LIFE study). BMJ 352:i245CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
33.
go back to reference El-Khoury F, Cassou B, Charles MD, Dargent-Molina P (2013) The effect of fall prevention exercise programmes on fall induced injuries in community dwelling older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMJ 347:f6234PubMedPubMedCentral El-Khoury F, Cassou B, Charles MD, Dargent-Molina P (2013) The effect of fall prevention exercise programmes on fall induced injuries in community dwelling older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMJ 347:f6234PubMedPubMedCentral
34.
go back to reference Fitzgerald G, Boonen S, Comptson JE, Pfeilschifter J, Lacroix AZ, Hosmer DW (2012) Differing risk profiles for individual fracture sites: evidence from the Global Longitudinal study of Osteoporosis in Women (GLOW). J Bone and Miner Research 9:1907–1915CrossRef Fitzgerald G, Boonen S, Comptson JE, Pfeilschifter J, Lacroix AZ, Hosmer DW (2012) Differing risk profiles for individual fracture sites: evidence from the Global Longitudinal study of Osteoporosis in Women (GLOW). J Bone and Miner Research 9:1907–1915CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Bonafede M, Shi N, Barron R, Li X, Crittenden DB, Chandler D (2016) Predicting imminent risk for fracture in patients aged 50 or older with osteoporosis using US claims data. Arch Osteoporos 11:26CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bonafede M, Shi N, Barron R, Li X, Crittenden DB, Chandler D (2016) Predicting imminent risk for fracture in patients aged 50 or older with osteoporosis using US claims data. Arch Osteoporos 11:26CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
36.
go back to reference Masud T, Binkley N, Boonen S, Hannan MT, Members FPDC (2011) Official positions for FRAX® clinical regarding falls and frailty: can falls and frailty be used in FRAX®? From Joint Official Positions Development Conference of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry and International Osteoporosis Foundation on FRAX®. J Clin Densitom 14:194–204CrossRefPubMed Masud T, Binkley N, Boonen S, Hannan MT, Members FPDC (2011) Official positions for FRAX® clinical regarding falls and frailty: can falls and frailty be used in FRAX®? From Joint Official Positions Development Conference of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry and International Osteoporosis Foundation on FRAX®. J Clin Densitom 14:194–204CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Imminent fracture risk
Authors
C. Roux
K. Briot
Publication date
01-06-2017
Publisher
Springer London
Published in
Osteoporosis International / Issue 6/2017
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Electronic ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-017-3976-5

Other articles of this Issue 6/2017

Osteoporosis International 6/2017 Go to the issue