Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Osteoporosis International
Published in: Osteoporosis International 2/2017

01-02-2017 | Original Article

Are milk and alternatives and fruit and vegetable intakes during adolescence associated with cortical and trabecular bone structure, density, and strength in adulthood?

Authors: E. Z. Movassagh, S. Kontulainen, A. D. G. Baxter-Jones, S. Whiting, M. Szafron, M. Papadimitropoulos, H. Vatanparast

Published in: Osteoporosis International | Issue 2/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Summary

We investigated the impact of food group intake during adolescence on bone structure and strength during adulthood. In females, we found a beneficial effect of adolescent milk and alternatives and fruit and vegetable intake on adult radius shaft and distal tibia bone structure, respectively. No association was observed in males.

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether adolescents with high intake of milk and alternatives (M&A) or fruit and vegetables (F&V) had better adult bone structure and strength compared to those with low intake levels.

Methods

We analyzed data from 47 males and 69 females enrolled in the Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study (PBMAS 1991–2011), who had one peripheral quantitative computed tomography scan at age 29 ± 2 years. We measured radius and tibia shaft total area (ToA), cortical area (CoA), cortical content (CoC), cortical density, bone strength (SSIp), and muscle area, as well as distal radius and tibia ToA, total density, trabecular area, trabecular content, trabecular density, and bone strength (BSIc). Sequential 24-h recalls were used to assess M&A and F&V intake; participants were grouped for their mean intake during adolescence (low = bottom quartile, moderate = middle quartiles, high = top quartile) and were compared using multivariate analysis of covariance while adjusting for adult height, muscle area, physical activity, energy and calcium intake and adolescent energy intake, and physical activity.

Results

Females with high M&A intake compared to low M&A intake group (mean 3.8 vs. 1.3 servings/day, respectively) had greater adult ToA (14 %, p < 0.05), CoA (15 %, p < 0.01), and CoC (16 %, p < 0.01) at radius shaft. Females with moderate F&V intake compared to low F&V intake group (mean 3.7 vs. 2.1 servings/day, respectively) had greater adult ToA (8.5 %, p < 0.05) at distal tibia.

Conclusion

Higher intake of M&A or F&V during adolescence had a long-term beneficial effect on bone structure in females, an association not observed in males.
Literature
1.
Baxter-Jones AD, Mirwald RL, McKay HA, Bailey DA (2003) A longitudinal analysis of sex differences in bone mineral accrual in healthy 8-19-year-old boys and girls. Ann Hum Biol 30(2):160–175CrossRefPubMed
2.
Bailey DA, McKay HA, Mirwald RL, Crocker PR, Faulkner RA (1999) A six-year longitudinal study of the relationship of physical activity to bone mineral accrual in growing children: the university of Saskatchewan bone mineral accrual study. J Bone Miner Res 14(10):1672–1679CrossRefPubMed
3.
Baxter-Jones AD, Faulkner RA, Forwood MR, Mirwald RL, Bailey DA (2011) Bone mineral accrual from 8 to 30 years of age: an estimation of peak bone mass. JBMR 26(8):1729–1739CrossRef
4.
Kontulainen SA, Macdonald HM, Khan KM, McKay HA (2005) Examining bone surfaces across puberty: a 20-month pQCT trial. J Bone Miner Res 20(7):1202–1207CrossRefPubMed
5.
Rauch F (2005) Bone growth in length and width: the Yin and Yang of bone stability. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 5(3):194–201PubMed
6.
Bouxsein ML, Seeman E (2009) Quantifying the material and structural determinants of bone strength. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 23(6):741–753CrossRefPubMed
7.
Kontulainen SA, Hughes JM, Macdonald HM, Johnson JD (2007) The biomechanical basis of bone strength development during growth. Med Sport Sci 51:13–32CrossRefPubMed
8.
Bala Y, Bui QM, Wang XF, Iuliano S, Wang Q, Ghasem-Zadeh A, Rozental TD, Bouxsein ML, Zebaze RM, Seeman E (2015) Trabecular and cortical microstructure and fragility of the distal radius in women. J Bone Miner Res 30(4):621–629CrossRefPubMed
9.
Bergstrom U, Bjornstig U, Stenlund H, Jonsson H, Svensson O (2008) Fracture mechanisms and fracture pattern in men and women aged 50 years and older: a study of a 12-year population based injury register, Umea, Sweden. Osteoporos Int 19(9):1267–1273CrossRefPubMed
10.
Mouratidou T, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Gracia-Marco L, Huybrechts I, Sioen I, Widhalm K, Valtuena J, Gonzalez-Gross M, Moreno LA, HELENA Study Group (2013) Associations of dietary calcium, vitamin D, milk intakes, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D with bone mass in Spanish adolescents: the HELENA study. J Clin Densitom 16(1):110–117CrossRefPubMed
11.
Esterle L, Sabatier JP, Guillon-Metz F, Walrant-Debray O, Guaydier-Souquières G, Jehan F, Garabédian M (2009) Milk, rather than other foods, is associated with vertebral bone mass and circulating IGF-1 in female adolescents. Osteoporos Int 20(4):567–575CrossRefPubMed
12.
Du XQ, Greenfield H, Fraser DR, Ge KY, Liu ZH, He W (2002) Milk consumption and bone mineral content in Chinese adolescent girls. Bone 30(3):521–528CrossRefPubMed
13.
Li JJ, Huang ZW, Wang RQ, Ma XM, Zhang ZQ, Liu Z, Chen YM, Su YX (2013) Fruit and vegetable intake and bone mass in Chinese adolescents, young and postmenopausal women. Public Health Nutr 16(1):78–86CrossRefPubMed
14.
Prynne CJ, Mishra GD, O’Connell MA, Muniz G, Laskey MA, Yan L, Prentice A, Ginty F (2006) Fruit and vegetable intakes and bone mineral status: a cross sectional study in 5 age and sex cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 83(6):1420–1428PubMed
15.
Vatanparast H, Baxter-Jones AD, Faulkner RA, Bailey DA, Whiting SJ (2005) Positive effects of vegetable and fruit consumption and calcium intake on bone mineral accrual in boys during growth from childhood to adolescence: the University of Saskatchewan Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study. Am J Clin Nutr 82(3):700–706PubMed
16.
McGartland CP, Robson PJ, Murray LJ, Cran GW, Savage MJ, Watkins DC, Rooney MM, Boreham CA (2004) Fruit and vegetable consumption and bone mineral density: the Northern Ireland Young Hearts Project. Am J Clin Nutr 80(4):1019–1023PubMed
17.
Tylavsky FA, Holliday K, Danish R, Womack C, Norwood J, Carbone L (2004) Fruit and vegetable intakes are an independent predictor of bone size in early pubertal children. Am J Clin Nutr 79(2):311–317PubMed
18.
Genant HK, Engelke K, Prevrhal S (2008). Advanced CT bone imaging in osteoporosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 47 Suppl 4:iv9-16.
19.
Petit MA, Beck TJ, Kontulainen SA (2005) Examining the developing bone: what do we measure and how do we do it? J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 5(3):213–224PubMed
20.
Cheng S, Lyytikäinen A, Kröger H, Lamberg-Allardt C, Alen M, Koistinen A, Wang QJ, Suurinieni M, Suominen H, Mahonen A et al (2005) Effects of calcium, dairy product, and vitamin D supplementation on bone mass accrual and body composition in 10-12-y-old girls: a 2-y randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr 82(5):1115–1126PubMed
21.
Bailey DA (1997) The Saskatchewan pediatric bone mineral accrual study: bone mineral acquisition during the growing years. Int J Sports Med 18(Suppl 3):S191–S194CrossRefPubMed
22.
23.
Duckham R, Baxter-Jones AD, Johnston JD, Vatanparast H, Cooper D, Kontulainen S (2014) Does physical activity in adolescence have site-specific and sex-specific benefits on young adult bone size, content, and estimated strength? JBMR 29(2):479–486CrossRef
24.
Kontulainen SA, Johnston JD, Liu D, Leung C, Oxland TR, McKay HA (2008) Strength indices from pQCT imaging predict up to 85% of variance in bone failure properties at tibial epiphysis and diaphysis. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 8(4):401–409PubMed
25.
Frank-Wilson AW, Johnston JD, Olszynski WP, Kontulainen SA (2015) Measurement of muscle and fat in postmenopausal women: precision of previously reported pQCT imaging methods. Bone 75:49–54CrossRefPubMed
26.
Radavelli-Bagatini S, Zhu K, Lewis JR, Prince RL (2014) Dairy food intake, peripheral bone structure, and muscle mass in elderly ambulatory women. J Bone Miner Res 29(7):1691–1700CrossRefPubMed
27.
New SA, Robins SP, Campbell MK, Martin JC, Garton MJ, Bolton-Smith C, Grubb DA, Lee SJ, Reid DM (2000) Dietary influences on bone mass and bone metabolism: further evidence of a positive link between fruit and vegetable consumption and bone health? Am J Clin Nutr 71(1):142–151PubMed
28.
Welch AA, Mulligan A, Bingham SA, Khaw KT (2008) Urine pH is an indicator of dietary acid–base load, fruit and vegetables and meat intakes: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk population study. Br J Nutr 99(6):1335–1343CrossRefPubMed
29.
Aghajanian P, Hall S, Wongworawat MD, Mohan S (2015) The roles and mechanisms of actions of vitamin C in bone: new developments. J Bone Miner Res 30(11):1945–1955CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
30.
31.
Liu ZM, Leung J, Wong SY, Wong CK, Chan R, Woo J (2015) Greater fruit intake was associated with better bone mineral status among Chinese elderly men and women: results of Hong Kong Mr. Os and Ms. Os studies. J Am Med Dir Assoc 16(4):309–315CrossRefPubMed
32.
33.
Metadata
Title
Are milk and alternatives and fruit and vegetable intakes during adolescence associated with cortical and trabecular bone structure, density, and strength in adulthood?
Authors
E. Z. Movassagh
S. Kontulainen
A. D. G. Baxter-Jones
S. Whiting
M. Szafron
M. Papadimitropoulos
H. Vatanparast
Publication date
01-02-2017
Publisher
Springer London
Published in
Osteoporosis International / Issue 2/2017
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Electronic ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-016-3775-4

Other articles of this Issue 2/2017

Osteoporosis International 2/2017 Go to the issue

Original Article

Do osteoporotic fractures constitute a greater recalcitrant challenge for skeletal regeneration? Investigating the efficacy of BMP-7 and zoledronate treatment of diaphyseal fractures in an open fracture osteoporotic rat model

Original Article

Hypocalcaemia after denosumab in older people following fracture

Original Article

Early post-surgical cognitive dysfunction is a risk factor for mortality among hip fracture hospitalized older persons

Short Communication

Incident atrial fibrillation and the risk of fracture in the cardiovascular health study

Letter

Further major uncorrected errors in National Osteoporosis Foundation meta-analyses of calcium and vitamin D supplementation in fracture prevention

Original Article

Higher serum sclerostin levels and insufficiency of vitamin D are strongly associated with vertebral fractures in hemodialysis patients: a case control study