Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Osteoporosis International
Published in: Osteoporosis International 11/2014

01-11-2014 | Original Article

Computed digital absorptiometry for measurement of phalangeal bone mineral mass on a slot-scanning digital radiography system

Authors: R. Dendere, S. P. Whiley, T. S. Douglas

Published in: Osteoporosis International | Issue 11/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Summary

Computed digital absorptiometry is a low-cost and low-radiation technique for rapid measurement of phalangeal bone mineral mass. We implement and evaluate this technique on a slot-scanning radiography system. Results, based on measurements of excised phalangeal bones, indicate that the technique has potential for use in clinical assessment of osteoporosis.

Introduction

The current gold standard method for bone assessment in the diagnosis of osteoporosis requires specialised and expensive machines, highly trained personnel to conduct the examination and is available only at specialist centres. The technique, termed dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), involves taking a bone mineral density measurement at the femur or lumbar spine. Measurements of bone at peripheral sites such as the phalanges using DXA and other techniques have been shown to have potential use in the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Computed digital absorptiometry (CDA) is a low-cost, low-radiation radiographic technique for assessing phalangeal bone mineral mass. It uses an aluminium step wedge as a calibration device to compute bone mineral mass in units of equivalent aluminium thickness. In this study, we assess the feasibility of using CDA on a slot-scanning radiography system for measuring phalangeal bone mineral mass.

Methods

We implement and evaluate fully automated computed digital absorptiometry (CDA) of the middle phalanx of the middle finger on a slot-scanning radiography system.

Results

The ash weight of incinerated bones was measured and shown to have a correlation of 0.92 with CDA-derived bone mineral mass. CDA measurements had a coefficient of variation of 0.26 %, indicating high precision.

Conclusion

We conclude, based on these results, that CDA on a slot-scanning radiography machine may be useful for clinical assessment of osteoporosis.
Literature
1.
WHO (2003) Prevention and management of osteoporosis. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 921:1–164
2.
Blake GM, Fogelman I (2010) An update on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Semin Nucl Med 40(1):62–73PubMedCrossRef
3.
Boehm HF, Link TM (2004) Bone imaging: traditional techniques and their interpretation. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2(2):41–46PubMedCrossRef
4.
Kanis JA, McCloskey EV, Johansson H, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Reginster JY (2013) European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 24(1):23–57PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
5.
Looker AC, Wahner HW, Dunn WL, Calvo MS, Harris TB, Heyse SP, Johnston CC, Lindsay R (1998) Updated data on proximal femur bone mineral levels of US adults. Osteoporos Int 8(5):468–489PubMedCrossRef
6.
Fiter J, Nolla JM, Gómez-Vaquero C, Martínez-Aguilá D, Valverde J, Roig-Escofet D (2001) A comparative study of computed digital absorptiometry and conventional dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 12(7):565–569PubMedCrossRef
7.
Bouxsein ML, Michaeli DA, Plass DB, Schick DA, Melton ME (1997) Precision and accuracy of computed digital absorptiometry for assessment of bone density of the hand. Osteoporos Int 7(5):444–449PubMedCrossRef
8.
Dhainaut A, Rohde G, Hoff M, Syversen U, Haugeberg G (2011) Phalangeal densitometry compared with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for assessment of bone mineral density in elderly women. J Womens Health 20(12):1789–1795CrossRef
9.
Glüer CC, Jergas M, Hans D (1997) Peripheral measurement techniques for the assessment of osteoporosis. Semin Nucl Med 27(3):229–247PubMedCrossRef
10.
Gulam M, Thornton MM, Hodsman AB, Holdsworth DW (2000) Bone mineral measurement of phalanges: comparison of radiographic absorptiometry and area dual X-ray absorptiometry. Radiology 216(2):586–591PubMedCrossRef
11.
Mussolino ME, Looker AC, Madans JH et al (1997) Phalangeal bone density and hip fracture risk. Arch Intern Med 157(4):433–438PubMedCrossRef
12.
Ravn P, Overgaard K, Huang C, Ross PD, Green D, McClung M (1996) Comparison of bone densitometry of the phalanges, distal forearm and axial skeleton in early postmenopausal women participating in the EPIC study. Osteoporos Int 6(4):308–313PubMedCrossRef
13.
Ross P (1997) Radiographic absorptiometry for measuring bone mass. Osteoporos Int 7(3):103–107CrossRef
14.
Sotoca JM, Iñesta JM, Belmonte MA (2003) Hand bone segmentation in radioabsorptiometry images for computerised bone mass assessment. Comput Med Imaging Graph 27(6):459–467PubMedCrossRef
15.
Wasnich RD (1998) Perspective on fracture risk and phalangeal bone mineral density. J Clin Densitom 1(3):259–268PubMedCrossRef
16.
Versluis RGJA, Vismans FJFE, van de Ven CM, Springer MP, Petri H (1999) Radiographic absorptiometry of the phalanges as a screening instrument to detect osteoporosis of the hip. Acta Radiol 40(4):418–421PubMedCrossRef
17.
Lang TF (2010) Bone mineral assessment of the axial skeleton: technical aspects. In: Adler RA (ed), Contemporary endocrinology: osteoporosis: pathophysiology and clinical management, 2nd edn, Springer, pp. 23–50
18.
Sas TC, de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM, Stijnen T, van Teunenbroek A, van Leeuwen WJ, Asarfi A, van Rijn RR, Drop SL (2001) Bone mineral density assessed by phalangeal radiographic absorptiometry before and during long-term growth hormone treatment in girls with Turner’s syndrome participating in a randomized dose-response study. Pediatr Res 50:417–422PubMedCrossRef
19.
Canny J (1986) A computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 8(6):679–698PubMedCrossRef
20.
Dawson SP (2009) Digital X-ray analysis for monitoring fracture healing. Dissertaion, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
21.
Levenberg K (1944) A method for the solution of certain non-linear problems in least squares. Q Appl Math 2(2):164–168
22.
Marquardt D (1963) An algorithm for least-squares estimation of nonlinear parameters. J Soc Ind Appl Math 11(2):431–441CrossRef
23.
Chalker B, Barnes D, Isdale P (1985) Calibration of x-ray densitometry for the measurement of coral skeletal density. Coral Reefs 2:95–100CrossRef
24.
Scheelke M, Potgieter JH, de Villiers M (2005) System characterization of the STATSCAN full body slit scanning radiography machine: theory and experiment. SPIE Proc Med Imaging Phys Med Imaging 5745:1179–1190
25.
Symmons R (2004) Digital photodensitometry: a reliable and accessible method for measuring bone density. J Archaeol Sci 31(6):711–719CrossRef
26.
Otsu N (1979) A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern B Cybern 9(1):62–66CrossRef
27.
Dendere R, Kabelitz G, Douglas TS (2013) Model-based segmentation of the middle phalanx in digital radiographic images of the hand. EMBC 35th Ann Int Conf: 3702–3705
28.
Moreau M, Holdsworth DW, Fenster A (1994) Dual-energy x-ray imaging technique for in vitro tissue composition measurement. J Med Phys 21(11):1807–1815CrossRef
29.
Steel SA, Swann P, Langley G, Langton CM (1997) A phantom for evaluating bone mineral density of the hand by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Physiol Meas 18(3):233–240PubMedCrossRef
30.
31.
Haidekker MA, Stevens HY, Frangos JA (2004) Computerized methods for X-ray-based small bone densitometry. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 73(1):35–42PubMedCrossRef
32.
Colbert C, Spruit JJ, Davila LR (1967) Biophysical properties of bone: determining mineral concentration from the x-ray image. Trans NY Acad Sci 30(2):271–290CrossRef
33.
Yang SO, Hagiwara S, Engelke K, Dhillon MS, Guglielmi G, Bendavid EJ, Soejima O, Nelson DL, Genant HK (1994) Radiographic absorptiometry for bone mineral measurement of the phalanges: precision and accuracy study. Radiology 192(3):857–859PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Computed digital absorptiometry for measurement of phalangeal bone mineral mass on a slot-scanning digital radiography system
Authors
R. Dendere
S. P. Whiley
T. S. Douglas
Publication date
01-11-2014
Publisher
Springer London
Published in
Osteoporosis International / Issue 11/2014
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Electronic ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-014-2792-4

Other articles of this Issue 11/2014

Osteoporosis International 11/2014 Go to the issue

Original Article

Adiponectin is associated with bone strength and fracture history in paralyzed men with spinal cord injury

Short Communication

The relationship between BPAQ-derived physical activity and bone density of middle-aged and older men

Original Article

Reconsideration of the relevance of mild wedge or short vertebral height deformities across a broad age distribution

Original Article

Efficacy and safety of oral recombinant calcitonin tablets in postmenopausal women with low bone mass and increased fracture risk: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Original Article

Predictors of low bone mineral density of the stroke-affected hip among ambulatory individuals with chronic stroke

Letter

Comment on Tadrous et al.: Comparative gastrointestinal safety of bisphosphonates in primary osteoporosis: a network meta-analysis