Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
Published in: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 1/2014

01-01-2014 | Sports Medicine

Prevention of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in sports. Part II: systematic review of the effectiveness of prevention programmes in male athletes

Authors: Eduard Alentorn-Geli, Jurdan Mendiguchía, Kristian Samuelsson, Volker Musahl, Jon Karlsson, Ramon Cugat, Gregory D. Myer

Published in: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy | Issue 1/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose

To synthesize the results of systematic literature review focused on the effectiveness of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention programmes in male athletes.

Methods

All abstracts and articles of potential interest identified through the systematic literature search were reviewed in detail to determine on inclusion status. Information regarding prevention programmes to reduce ACL injuries or to modify risk factors for ACL injuries in male athletes was systematically extracted and included intervention and study design, characteristics of participants, sport and level of competition, characteristics of prevention programmes, results, and conclusions. All studies were evaluated for methodological quality to assess the risk of bias.

Results

The principal findings of this systematic review are as follows: (1) most of the studies applied prevention programmes that utilized risk factors as outcomes of interest as opposed to ACL injury incidence (5 and 2 studies, respectively); (2) the effectiveness of prevention programmes to reduce ACL injuries in male athletes is equivocal (1 in favour, 1 against) and only refers to soccer players; (3) the effectiveness of prevention programmes to modify risk factors for ACL injuries in male athletes is controversial (2 in favour, 3 against) and outcome data are limited to cutting manoeuvres.

Conclusion

Data regarding the effectiveness of prevention programmes to reduce ACL injuries or to modify risk factors for ACL injuries in male athletes are scarce and not conclusive. Future research to better determine the most effective approaches to optimize the effectiveness of prevention programmes targeted to reduce ACL injuries in male athletes is warranted.

Level of evidence

Systematic review on level I–II evidence studies, Level II.
Literature
1.
Aaltonen S, Karjalainen H, Heinonen A, Parkkari J, Kujala UM (2007) Prevention of sports injuries: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 167:1585–1592PubMedCrossRef
2.
Agel J, Evans TA, Dick R, Putukian M, Marshall SW (2007) Descriptive epidemiology of collegiate men’s soccer injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988–1989 through 2002–2003. J Athl Train 42:270–277PubMedCentralPubMed
3.
Alentorn-Geli E, Mendiguchia J, Samuelsson K, Musahl V, Karlsson J, Cugat R, Myer GD (2013) Prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in sports. Part I: systematic review of risk factors in male athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. doi:10.​1007/​s00167-013-2725-3
4.
Alentorn-Geli E, Myer GD, Silvers HJ, Samitier G, Romero D, Lazaro-Haro C, Cugat R (2009) Prevention of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer players. Part 1: mechanisms of injury and underlying risk factors. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 17:705–729PubMedCrossRef
5.
Alentorn-Geli E, Myer GD, Silvers HJ, Samitier G, Romero D, Lazaro-Haro C, Cugat R (2009) Prevention of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer players. Part 2: a review of prevention programs aimed to modify risk factors and to reduce injury rates. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 17:859–879PubMedCrossRef
6.
Arnason A, Engebretsen L, Bahr R (2005) No effect of a video-based awareness program on the rate of soccer injuries. Am J Sports Med 33:77–84PubMedCrossRef
7.
Bencke J, Naesborg H, Simonsen EB, Klausen K (2000) Motor pattern of the knee joint muscles during side-step cutting in European team handball. Influence on muscular co-ordination after an intervention study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 10:68–77PubMedCrossRef
8.
Bjordal JM, Arnly F, Hannestad B, Strand T (1997) Epidemiology of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer. Am J Sports Med 25:341–345PubMedCrossRef
9.
Caraffa A, Cerulli G, Projetti M, Aisa G, Rizzo A (1996) Prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer. A prospective controlled study of proprioceptive training. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 4:19–21PubMedCrossRef
10.
Cochrane JL, Lloyd DG, Besier TF, Elliott BC, Doyle TL, Ackland TR (2010) Training affects knee kinematics and kinetics in cutting maneuvers in sport. Med Sci Sports Exerc 42:1535–1544PubMedCrossRef
11.
Dai B, Herman D, Liu C, Garrett WE Jr, Yu B (2012) Prevention of ACL injury, part I: injury characteristics, risk factors, and loading mechanism. Res Sports Med 20:180–197PubMed
12.
Dai B, Herman D, Liu H, Garrett WE Jr, Yu B (2012) Prevention of ACL injury, part II: effects of ACL injury prevention programs on neuromuscular risk factors and injury rate. Res Sports Med 20:198–222PubMed
13.
Dempsey AR, Lloyd DG, Elliott BC, Steele JR, Munro BJ (2009) Changing sidestep cutting technique reduces knee valgus loading. Am J Sports Med 37:2194–2200PubMedCrossRef
14.
Donnelly CJ, Elliott BC, Doyle TL, Finch CF, Dempsey AR, Lloyd DG (2012) Changes in knee joint biomechanics following balance and technique training and a season of Australian football. Br J Sports Med 46:917–922PubMedCrossRef
15.
Ekstrand J, Gillquist J, Liljedahl SO (1983) Prevention of soccer injuries. Supervision by doctor and physiotherapist. Am J Sports Med 11:116–120PubMedCrossRef
16.
Engebretsen AH, Myklebust G, Holme I, Engebretsen L, Bahr R (2008) Prevention of injuries among male soccer players. A prospective, randomized intervention study targeting players with previous injuries or reduced function. Am J Sports Med 36:1052–1060PubMedCrossRef
17.
Gottlob CA, Baker CL (2000) Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: socioeconomic issues and cost effectiveness. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 29:472–476
18.
Gottlob CA, Baker CL, Pellissier JM, Colvin L (1999) Cost effectiveness of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in young adults. Clin Orthop Relat Res 367:272–282PubMedCrossRef
19.
Granan LP, Bahr R, Steindal K, Furnes O, Engebretsen L (2008) Development of a national cruciate ligament surgery registry: the Norwegian national knee ligament registry. Am J Sports Med 36:308–315PubMedCrossRef
20.
Griffin LY (2002) Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: prevention strategies. Instr Course Lect 51:311–314PubMed
21.
Griffin LY, Agel J, Albohm MJ, Arendt EA, Dick RW, Garrett WE, Garrick JG, Hewett TE, Huston L, Ireland ML, Johnson RJ, Kibler WB, Lephart S, Lewis JL, Lindenfeld TN, Mandelbaum BR, Marchak P, Teitz CC, Wojtys EM (2000) Noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries: risk factors and prevention strategies. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 8:141–150PubMed
22.
Griffin LY, Albohm MJ, Arendt EA, Bahr R, Beynnon BD, DeMaio M, Dick RW, Engebretsen L, Garrett WE Jr, Hannafin JA, Hewett TE, Huston LJ, Ireland ML, Johnson RJ, Lephart S, Mandelbaum BR, Mann BJ, Marks PH, Marshall SW, Myklebust G, Noyes FR, Powers C, Shields C Jr, Shultz SJ, Silvers H, Slauterbeck J, Taylor DC, Teitz CC, Wojtys EM, Yu B (2006) Understanding and preventing noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries: a review of the Hunt Valley II Meeting, January 2005. Am J Sports Med 34:1512–1532PubMedCrossRef
23.
Grooms D, Palmer T, Oñate J, Myer GD, Grindstaff T (2013) Comprehensive soccer specific warm up reduces lower exrtemity injury in collegiate male soccer players. J Athl Train. doi:10.​4085/​1062-6050-48.​4.​08
24.
Hewett TE, Ford KR, Myer GD (2006) Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: part 2, a meta-analysis of neuromuscular interventions aimed at injury prevention. Am J Sports Med 34:490–498PubMedCrossRef
25.
Hewett TE, Myer GD, Ford KR (2006) Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: part 1, mechanisms and risk factors. Am J Sports Med 34:299–311PubMedCrossRef
26.
Hootman JM, Dick R, Agel J (2007) Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: summary and recommendations for injury prevention initiatives. J Athl Train 42:311–319PubMedCentralPubMed
27.
Jamison ST, McNeilan RJ, Young GS, Givens DL, Best TM, Chaudhari MW (2012) Randomized controlled trial of the effects of a trunk stabilization program on trunk control and knee loading. Med Sci Sports Exerc 44:1924–1934PubMedCrossRef
28.
Junge A, Rosch D, Peterson L, Graf-Baumann T, Dvorak J (2002) Prevention of soccer injuries: a prospective intervention study in youth amateur players. Am J Sports Med 30:652–659PubMed
29.
Lohmander LS, Englund PM, Dahl LL, Roos EM (2007) The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. Am J Sports Med 35:1756–1769PubMedCrossRef
30.
Lohmander LS, Ostenberg A, Englund M, Roos H (2004) High prevalence of knee osteoarthritis, pain, and functional limitations in female soccer players twelve years after anterior cruciate ligament injury. Arthritis Rheum 50:3145–3152PubMedCrossRef
31.
Longo UG, Loppini M, Berton A, Marinozzi A, Maffulli N, Denaro V (2012) The FIFA 11+ program is effective in preventing injuries in elite male basketball players: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med 40:996–1005PubMedCrossRef
32.
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, Group P (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med 18:264–269
33.
Myer GD, Sugimoto D, Thomas S, Hewett TE (2013) The influence of age on the effectiveness of neuromuscular training to reduce anterior cruciate ligament injury in female athletes: a meta-analysis. Am J Sports Med 41:203–215PubMedCrossRef
34.
Posthumus M, Collins M, September AV, Schwellnus MP (2011) The intrinsic risk factors for ACL ruptures: an evidence-based review. Phys Sportsmed 39:62–73PubMedCrossRef
35.
Postma WF, West RV (2013) Anterior cruciate ligament injury-prevention programs. J Bone Joint Surg Am 95:661–669PubMedCrossRef
36.
Prodromos CC, Han Y, Rogowski J, Joyce B, Shi K (2007) A meta-analysis of the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament tears as a function of gender, sport, and a knee injury-reduction regimen. Arthroscopy 23(1320–1325):e1326
37.
Renstrom P, Ljungqvist A, Arendt E, Beynnon B, Fukubayashi T, Garrett W, Georgoulis T, Hewett TE, Johnson R, Krosshaug T, Mandelbaum B, Micheli L, Myklebust G, Roos E, Roos H, Schamasch P, Shultz S, Werner S, Wojtys E, Engebretsen L (2008) Non-contact ACL injuries in female athletes: an International Olympic Committee current concepts statement. Br J Sports Med 42:394–412PubMedCrossRef
38.
Sugimoto D, Myer GD, Bush HM, Klugman MF, Medina McKeon JM, Hewett TE (2012) Compliance with neuromuscular training and anterior cruciate ligament injury risk reduction in female athletes: a meta-analysis. J Athl Train 47:714–723PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
39.
Sugimoto D, Myer GD, McKeon JM, Hewett TE (2012) Evaluation of the effectiveness of neuromuscular training to reduce anterior cruciate ligament injury in female athletes: a critical review of relative risk reduction and numbers-needed-to-treat analyses. Br J Sports Med 46:979–988PubMedCrossRef
40.
Van Beijsterveldt AMC, Van de Port IGL, Krist MR, Schmikli SL, Stubbe JH, Frederiks JE, Backx FJG (2012) Effectiveness of an injury prevention programme for adult male amateur soccer players: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Br J Sports Med 46:1114–1118CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Prevention of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in sports. Part II: systematic review of the effectiveness of prevention programmes in male athletes
Authors
Eduard Alentorn-Geli
Jurdan Mendiguchía
Kristian Samuelsson
Volker Musahl
Jon Karlsson
Ramon Cugat
Gregory D. Myer
Publication date
01-01-2014
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy / Issue 1/2014
Print ISSN: 0942-2056
Electronic ISSN: 1433-7347
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-013-2739-x

Other articles of this Issue 1/2014

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 1/2014 Go to the issue

Knee

Meniscectomy leads to early changes in the mineralization distribution of subchondral bone plate

Knee

The influence of femoral tunnel position in single-bundle ACL reconstruction on functional outcomes and return to sports

Knee

Influence of hip restriction on noncontact ACL rerupture

Knee

Reliability, validity and responsiveness of the Spanish version of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) in patients with chondral lesion of the knee

Knee

Evaluation of trochlear dysplasia using MRI: correlation between the classification system of Dejour and objective parameters of trochlear dysplasia

Knee

Biodegradable polyurethane meniscal scaffold for isolated partial lesions or as combined procedure for knees with multiple comorbidities: clinical results at 2 years