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Intensive Care Medicine
Published in: Intensive Care Medicine 8/2018

Open Access 01-08-2018 | Original

Intensive care support and clinical outcomes of patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa

Published in: Intensive Care Medicine | Issue 8/2018

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Abstract

Purpose

We investigate the impact on outcome of different levels of supportive treatment in Ebola virus disease (EVD). The NGO EMERGENCY delivered care sequentially at two Ebola Treatment Centres (ETC) in Sierra Leone: first at Lakka (fluids, symptomatic, antibiotic, antimalaria treatment, and hospital level medical care), and thereafter in Goderich, adding organ support in the only African ETC with an equipped and staffed intensive care unit (ETC-ICU).

Methods

The primary outcome in this retrospective cohort study was in-ETC mortality. Secondarily, we used multivariable logistic regression to investigate the independent impact of the IC on mortality by comparing patients in two ETCs, adjusting for potential confounders, including the viral load (base-10 logarithm in copies/ml) (LVL), modelled as a piecewise linear function. Mortality was plotted versus LVL. Confidence bands were constructed by a bootstrap technique. The number of hospital-free days within 28 was computed to assess the burden of EVD.

Results

Data from 229 EVD patients were analysed (123 in Lakka, 106 in Goderich). Crude analysis showed a non-statistically significant difference in mortality (57.7% in Lakka vs 50.0% in Goderich; p = 0.19). Age and LVL were associated with mortality. Adjusted mortality was lower at the Goderich ICU-ETC (p = 0.055). This difference was observed with 80% confidence for patients with LVL between 7.5 and 8.5 copies/ml. Hospital-free days (of 28 days) were greater (7.7 vs 5.5; p = 0.03) for patients treated in the ICU-ETC.

Conclusions

Provision of critical care to patients with EVD is feasible in resource-limited settings and was associated with improved survival and less time in hospital.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Intensive care support and clinical outcomes of patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa
Publication date
01-08-2018
Published in
Intensive Care Medicine / Issue 8/2018
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-018-5308-4

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