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01-08-2018 | Systematic Review

Optic nerve sheath diameter measured sonographically as non-invasive estimator of intracranial pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Chiara Robba, Gregorio Santori, Marek Czosnyka, Francesco Corradi, Nicola Bragazzi, Llewellyn Padayachy, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Giuseppe Citerio

Published in: Intensive Care Medicine | Issue 8/2018

Summary

Purpose

Although invasive intracranial devices (IIDs) are the gold standard for intracranial pressure (ICP) measurement, ultrasonography of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) has been suggested as a potential non-invasive ICP estimator. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of sonographic ONSD measurement for assessment of intracranial hypertension (IH) in adult patients.

Methods

We searched on electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed^®, Scopus^®, Web of Science^®, ScienceDirect^®, Cochrane Library^®) until 31 May 2018 for comparative studies that evaluated the efficacy of sonographic ONSD vs. ICP measurement with IID. Data were extracted independently by two authors. We used the QUADAS-2 tool for assessing the risk of bias (RB) of each study. A diagnostic meta-analysis following the bivariate approach and random-effects model was performed.

Results

Seven prospective studies (320 patients) were evaluated for IH detection (assumed with ICP > 20 mmHg or > 25 cmH₂O). The accuracy of included studies ranged from 0.811 (95% CI 0.678‒0.847) to 0.954 (95% CI 0.853‒0.983). Three studies were at high RB. No significant heterogeneity was found for the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR), with I² < 50% for each parameter. The pooled DOR, PLR and NLR were 67.5 (95% CI 29‒135), 5.35 (95% CI 3.76‒7.53) and 0.088 (95% CI 0.046‒0.152), respectively. The area under the hierarchical summary receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUHSROC) was 0.938. In the subset of five studies (275 patients) with IH defined for ICP > 20 mmHg, the pooled DOR, PLR and NLR were 68.10 (95% CI 26.8‒144), 5.18 (95% CI 3.59‒7.37) and 0.087 (95% CI 0.041‒0.158), respectively, while the AUHSROC was 0.932.

Conclusions

Although the wide 95% CI in our pooled DOR suggests caution, ultrasonographic ONSD may be a potentially useful approach for assessing IH when IIDs are not indicated or available (CRD42018089137, PROSPERO).

Available only for authorised users

The protocol of this study was prospectively developed with the different steps started on 1 December 2017 (as pointed out in the PROSPERO “Anticipated or actual start date” section) and was submitted with some delay to the PROSPERO staff, which, after revision, did not find any flaw or methodological incoherence. Available at: https://bit.ly/2ISbIbp.

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Title: Optic nerve sheath diameter measured sonographically as non-invasive estimator of intracranial pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chiara Robba
Gregorio Santori
Marek Czosnyka
Francesco Corradi
Nicola Bragazzi
Llewellyn Padayachy
Fabio Silvio Taccone
Giuseppe Citerio
Publication date: 01-08-2018
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Intensive Care Medicine / Issue 8/2018
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-018-5305-7

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Optic nerve sheath diameter measured sonographically as non-invasive estimator of intracranial pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Summary

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Summary

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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