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Published in: Intensive Care Medicine 12/2013

01-12-2013 | Seven-Day Profile Publication

The use of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome during infancy and early childhood: multicenter evaluation and expert consensus

Authors: Daniele De Luca, Marco Piastra, Giovanna Chidini, Pierre Tissieres, Edoardo Calderini, Sandrine Essouri, Alberto Medina Villanueva, Ana Vivanco Allende, Marti Pons-Odena, Luis Perez-Baena, Michael Hermon, Ascanio Tridente, Giorgio Conti, Massimo Antonelli, Martin Kneyber, On behalf of Respiratory Section of the European Society for Pediatric Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC)

Published in: Intensive Care Medicine | Issue 12/2013

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Abstract

Purpose

A new acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) definition has been recently issued: the so-called Berlin definition (BD) has some characteristics that could make it suitable for pediatrics. The European Society for Pediatric Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) Respiratory Section started a project to evaluate BD validity in early childhood. A secondary aim was reaching a consensus on clinical tools (risk factors list and illustrative radiographs) to help the application of BD.

Methods

This was an international, multicenter, retrospective study enrolling 221 children [aged greater than 30 days and less than 18 months; median age 6 (range 2–13) months], admitted to seven European pediatric intensive care units (PICU) with acute lung injury (ALI) or ARDS diagnosed with the earlier definition.

Results

Patients were categorized according to the two definitions, as follows: ALI, 36; ARDS, 185 (for the American–European Consensus Conference (AECC) definition); mild, 36; moderate, 97; severe ARDS, 88 (for BD). Mortality (13.9 % for mild ARDS; 11.3 % for moderate ARDS; 25 % for severe ARDS, p = 0.04) and the composite outcome extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)/mortality (13.9 % for mild ARDS; 11.3 % for moderate ARDS; 28.4 % for severe ARDS, p < 0.01) were different across the BD classes, whereas they were similar using the previous definition. Mortality [HR 2.7 (95 % CI 1.1–7.1)] and ECMO/mortality [HR 3 (95 % CI 1.1–7.9)] were increased only for the severe ARDS class and remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors. PICU stay was not different across severity classes, irrespective of the definition used. There was significant concordance between raters evaluating radiographs [ICC 0.6 (95 % CI 0.2–0.8)] and risk factors [ICC 0.92 (95 % CI 0.8–0.97)].

Conclusions

BD validity for children is similar to that already reported in adults and mainly due to the introduction of a “severe ARDS” category. We provided clinical tools to use BD for clinical practice, research, and health services planning in pediatric critical care.
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Metadata
Title
The use of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome during infancy and early childhood: multicenter evaluation and expert consensus
Authors
Daniele De Luca
Marco Piastra
Giovanna Chidini
Pierre Tissieres
Edoardo Calderini
Sandrine Essouri
Alberto Medina Villanueva
Ana Vivanco Allende
Marti Pons-Odena
Luis Perez-Baena
Michael Hermon
Ascanio Tridente
Giorgio Conti
Massimo Antonelli
Martin Kneyber
On behalf of Respiratory Section of the European Society for Pediatric Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC)
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Intensive Care Medicine / Issue 12/2013
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-013-3110-x

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