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Intensive Care Medicine

Published in:

01-01-2006 | Original

Selection of resistance during sequential use of preferential antibiotic classes

Authors: Pierre Damas, Jean-Luc Canivet, Didier Ledoux, Mehran Monchi, Pierrette Melin, Monique Nys, Patrick De Mol

Published in: Intensive Care Medicine | Issue 1/2006

Abstract

Objective

To determine the effect of antibiotic class pressure on the susceptibility of bacteria during sequential periods of antibiotic homogeneity.

Design and setting

Prospective study in a mixed ICU with three separated subunits of eight, eight, and ten beds.

Patients and participants

The study examined the 1,721 patients with a length of stay longer than 2 days.

Interventions

Three different antibiotic regimens were used sequentially over 2 years as first-choice empirical treatment: cephalosporins, fluoroquinolone, or a penicillin–β-lactamase inhibitor combination. Each regimen was applied for 8 months in each subunits of the ICU, using “latin square” design.

Results

We treated 731 infections in 546 patients (32% of patients staying more than 48 h). There were 25.5 ICU-acquired infections per 1,000 patient-days. Infecting pathogens and colonizing bacteria were found in 2,739 samples from 1,666 patients (96.8%). No significant change in global antibiotic susceptibility was observed over time. However, a decrease in the susceptibility of several species was observed for antibiotics used as the first-line therapy in the unit. Selection pressure of antibiotics and occurrence of resistance during treatment was documented within an 8-month rotation period.

Conclusions

Antibiotic use for periods of several months induces bacterial resistance in common pathogens.

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Title: Selection of resistance during sequential use of preferential antibiotic classes
Authors: Pierre Damas
Jean-Luc Canivet
Didier Ledoux
Mehran Monchi
Pierrette Melin
Monique Nys
Patrick De Mol
Publication date: 01-01-2006
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Intensive Care Medicine / Issue 1/2006
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-005-2805-z

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Selection of resistance during sequential use of preferential antibiotic classes

Abstract

Objective

Design and setting

Patients and participants

Interventions

Results

Conclusions

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Design and setting

Patients and participants

Interventions

Results

Conclusions

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