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Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology

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Open Access 01-09-2019 | Mood Disorders | Original Paper

Course of perinatal depressive symptoms among South African women: associations with child outcomes at 18 and 36 months

Authors: Emily Claire Garman, Annibale Cois, Mark Tomlinson, Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus, Crick Lund

Published in: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology | Issue 9/2019

Abstract

Purpose

Latent modelling was used to identify trajectories of depressive symptoms among low-income perinatal women in South Africa. Predictors of trajectories and the association of trajectories with child outcomes were assessed.

Methods

This is a secondary analysis of data collected among women living in Cape Town settlements (N = 446). Participants were eligible if pregnant and 18 years or older, and included in the analysis if allocated to the control arm (routine perinatal care). Participants were excluded in case of non-singleton birth and baby death. Follow-up assessments were at 2 weeks, 6-, 18-, and 36-month postpartum. Trajectories of depressive symptoms were based on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores until 18-month postpartum, using latent class growth analysis. Child physical, cognitive, socio-emotional, and behavioural outcomes were assessed at 18 and/or 36 months. Univariate and multivariate regressions were used to identify predictors of trajectories and differences in child outcomes.

Results

Four trajectories were identified: chronic low (71.1%), late postpartum (10.1%), early postpartum (14.4%), and chronic high (4.5%). Low social support, unwanted pregnancy, and risky drinking were associated with the chronic high trajectory; unemployment and HIV-positive status with the early postpartum trajectory; and intimate partner violence with the late postpartum trajectory. Weight-to-length and weight-for-age z-scores at 18 months, and weight-for-age z-scores, length-for-age z-scores, emotional symptom, and peer problem scores at 36 months differed across trajectories.

Conclusions

Severe depressive symptoms in postpartum period have a lasting effect on child physical and socio-emotional outcomes. Multiple screening throughout pregnancy and 1-year postpartum is essential.

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Title: Course of perinatal depressive symptoms among South African women: associations with child outcomes at 18 and 36 months
Authors: Emily Claire Garman
Annibale Cois
Mark Tomlinson
Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus
Crick Lund
Publication date: 01-09-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Mood Disorders
Affective Disorder
Published in: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology / Issue 9/2019
Print ISSN: 0933-7954
Electronic ISSN: 1433-9285
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-019-01665-2

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Course of perinatal depressive symptoms among South African women: associations with child outcomes at 18 and 36 months

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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