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Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology

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Open Access 01-10-2018 | Invited Review

Pathways to mental health services for young people: a systematic review

Authors: Kathleen MacDonald, Nina Fainman-Adelman, Kelly K. Anderson, Srividya N. Iyer

Published in: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology | Issue 10/2018

Abstract

Purpose

While early access to appropriate care can minimise the sequelae of mental illnesses, little is known about how youths come to access mental healthcare. We therefore conducted a systematic review to synthesise literature on the pathways to care of youths across a range of mental health problems.

Methods

Studies were identified through searches of electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, HealthSTAR and CINAHL), supplemented by backward and forward mapping and hand searching. We included studies on the pathways to mental healthcare of individuals aged 11–30 years. Two reviewers independently screened articles and extracted data.

Results

Forty-five studies from 26 countries met eligibility criteria. The majority of these studies were from settings that offered services for the early stages of psychosis, and others included inpatient and outpatient settings targeting wide-ranging mental health problems. Generally, youths’ pathways to mental healthcare were complex, involved diverse contacts, and, sometimes, undue treatment delays. Across contexts, family/carers, general practitioners and emergency rooms featured prominently in care pathways. There was little standardization in the measurement of pathways.

Conclusions

Except in psychosis, youths’ pathways to mental healthcare remain understudied. Pathways to care research may need to be reconceptualised to account for the often transient and overlapping nature of youth mental health presentations, and the possibility that what constitutes optimal care may vary. Despite these complexities, additional research, using standardized methodology, can yield a greater understanding of the help-seeking behaviours of youths and those acting on their behalf; service responses to help-seeking; and the determinants of pathways. This understanding is critical to inform ongoing initatives to transform youth mental healthcare.

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Title: Pathways to mental health services for young people: a systematic review
Authors: Kathleen MacDonald
Nina Fainman-Adelman
Kelly K. Anderson
Srividya N. Iyer
Publication date: 01-10-2018
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology / Issue 10/2018
Print ISSN: 0933-7954
Electronic ISSN: 1433-9285
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-018-1578-y

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Pathways to mental health services for young people: a systematic review

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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Other articles of this Issue 10/2018

Perceived neighbourhood social cohesion and depressive symptom trajectories in older adults: a 12-year prospective cohort study

Patterns and predictors of depressive symptoms among Jamaican fathers of newborns

Depression literacy and health-seeking attitudes in the Western Pacific region: a mixed-methods study

Views from an asylum: a retrospective case note analysis of a nineteenth century asylum

Inpatient use and area-level socio-environmental factors in people with psychosis

Depression among the general adult population in Jiangsu Province of China: prevalence, associated factors and impacts