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European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery
Published in: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery 4/2011

01-08-2011 | Review Article

Therapeutic and interventional endoscopy for gastrointestinal bleeding

Authors: I. Jovanovic, K. Vormbrock, C. M. Wilcox, K. Mönkemüller

Published in: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery | Issue 4/2011

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Abstract

Introduction

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding remains a common clinical problem encountered by every emergency room and trauma physician. Endoscopy remains the main approach to the diagnosis and therapy of GI bleeding.

Objectives

To present the modern endoscopic approach for GI bleeding.

Methods

Narrative review based on our expertise and inclusion of classic articles dealing with interventional and therapeutic GI endoscopy.

Results

GI hemorrhage is now classified as upper, middle, and lower GI bleeding. Upper GI bleeding is defined as hemorrhage originating from the oropharynx to the ligament of Treitz (or papilla of Vater), middle GI bleeding occurs distal to the papilla of Vater to the terminal ileum, and lower GI bleeding is defined as bleeding distal to the ileocecal valve, including the entire colon and anorectum. Endoscopic methods used to diagnosed and treat GI bleeding include esophagogastroduodenoscopy, duodenoscopy, capsule endoscopy, double- and single-balloon enteroscopy, spiral enteroscopy, and colonosocopy.

Conclusions

This is the first review paper dedicated to endoscopic therapy for bleeding involving any part of the luminal GI tract (i.e., esophagus, stomach, small bowel, and colon). Modern endoscopy permits the investigation and treatment of the majority of conditions affecting the entire hollow GI tract.
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Metadata
Title
Therapeutic and interventional endoscopy for gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors
I. Jovanovic
K. Vormbrock
C. M. Wilcox
K. Mönkemüller
Publication date
01-08-2011
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery / Issue 4/2011
Print ISSN: 1863-9933
Electronic ISSN: 1863-9941
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-011-0125-2

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