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Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie

Published in:

01-12-2012 | Original article

Osteoimmunological mechanisms involved in orthodontically and bacterially induced periodontal stress

Authors: Dr. A. Konermann, W. Götz, D. Wohlleber, P. Knolle, J. Deschner, A. Jäger

Published in: Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie | Issue 6/2012

Abstract

Background and objective

Orthodontic tooth movement is known to cause sterile inflammation of the periodontal ligament (PDL). It may also be accompanied by pathological effects of external apical root resorption, with interindividual differences in the incidence and extent of resorption. An involvement of autoimmunological mechanisms is currently under discussion. This study aimed to improve our understanding of similarities between the inflammatory mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of periodontitis and root resorption.

Materials and methods

Human PDL cells were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β/IL-17A/IFN-γ, or left non-stimulated. Their potential for phagocytosis was then evaluated by incubation with dextran or E. coli or S. aureus particles, followed by flow cytometric and immunohistochemical analysis. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyze receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in PDL cells. Verification was obtained in vivo by studying IL-17A, RANKL, and OPG expression in biopsies of inflamed periodontal tissues and in biopsies of rat maxillae with mechanically induced root resorption. Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon’s rank sum test to analyze gene expression data and one-way ANOVA in conjunction with Tukey’s post hoc test to analyze flow cytometric data.

Results

PDL cells phagocytosed foreign particles under both inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, IL-17A significantly downregulated RANKL expression while significantly upregulating OPG expression in PDL cells. These immunomodulatory cytokines were also demonstrable in both inflammatorily altered periodontal tissues and root resorption lacunae, while the incidence of IL-7A was strikingly variable in resorption areas.

Conclusion

PDL cells were demonstrated to effect phagocytosis and to express immunomodulatory molecules, which proves their capability of participating in periodontal osteoimmunological processes. The development of root resorption and periodontitis appears to be governed by similar pathophysiological mechanisms.

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Title: Osteoimmunological mechanisms involved in orthodontically and bacterially induced periodontal stress
Authors: Dr. A. Konermann
W. Götz
D. Wohlleber
P. Knolle
J. Deschner
A. Jäger
Publication date: 01-12-2012
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie / Issue 6/2012
Print ISSN: 1434-5293
Electronic ISSN: 1615-6714
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-012-0102-3

ACC 2024 Congress

Springer Medicine

Osteoimmunological mechanisms involved in orthodontically and bacterially induced periodontal stress

Abstract

Background and objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

ACC 2024 Congress

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background and objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

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