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Current Sleep Medicine Reports
Published in: Current Sleep Medicine Reports 3/2017

01-09-2017 | Sleep and Neurodegenerative Disorders (Y-E Ju, Section Editor)

Do Older Adults Need Sleep? A Review of Neuroimaging, Sleep, and Aging Studies

Author: Michael K. Scullin

Published in: Current Sleep Medicine Reports | Issue 3/2017

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Sleep habits, sleep physiology, and sleep disorders change with increasing age. However, there is a longstanding debate regarding whether older adults need sleep to maintain health and daily functioning (reduced-sleep-need view). An alternative possibility is that aging reduces the ability to obtain restorative sleep (reduced-sleep-ability view). Prior research using behavioral and polysomnography outcomes has not definitively disentangled the reduced-sleep-need and reduced-sleep-ability views. Therefore, this review examines the neuroimaging literature to determine whether age-related changes in sleep cause—or are caused by—age-related changes in brain structure, function, and pathology.

Recent Findings

In middle-aged and older adults, poorer sleep quality, greater nighttime hypoxia, and shorter sleep duration related to cortical thinning in frontal regions implicated in slow-wave generation, in frontoparietal networks implicated in cognitive control, and in hippocampal regions implicated in encoding and memory consolidation. Furthermore, poor sleep quality was associated with higher amyloid burden and decreased connectivity in the default mode network, a network that is disrupted in the pathway to Alzheimer’s disease.

Summary

Older adults need sleep, but cortical thinning and amyloidal deposition with advancing age may weaken the brain’s ability to produce restorative sleep. Therefore, sleep in older adults may not always support identical functions for physical, mental, and cognitive health as in young adults.
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Metadata
Title
Do Older Adults Need Sleep? A Review of Neuroimaging, Sleep, and Aging Studies
Author
Michael K. Scullin
Publication date
01-09-2017
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Current Sleep Medicine Reports / Issue 3/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2198-6401
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40675-017-0086-z

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