Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Current Addiction Reports
Published in: Current Addiction Reports 1/2017

Open Access 01-03-2017 | Food Addiction (A Meule, Section Editor)

What Is Trained During Food Go/No-Go Training? A Review Focusing on Mechanisms and a Research Agenda

Authors: Harm Veling, Natalia S. Lawrence, Zhang Chen, Guido M. van Koningsbruggen, Rob W. Holland

Published in: Current Addiction Reports | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose of Review

During food go/no-go training, people consistently withhold responses toward no-go food items. We discuss how food go/no-go training may change people’s behavior toward no-go food items by comparing three accounts: (a) the training strengthens ‘top-down’ inhibitory control over food-related responses, (b) the training creates automatic ‘bottom-up’ associations between no-go food items and stopping responses, and (c) the training leads to devaluation of no-go food items.

Recent Findings

Go/no-go training can reduce intake of food and choices for food and facilitate short-term weight loss. It appears unlikely that food go/no-go training strengthens top-down inhibitory control. There is some evidence suggesting the training could create automatic stop associations. There is strong evidence suggesting go/no-go training reduces evaluations of no-go food items.

Summary

Food go/no-go training can change behavior toward food and evaluation of food items. To advance knowledge, more research is needed on the underlying mechanisms of the training, the role of attention during go/no-go training, and on when effects generalize to untrained food items.
Literature
1.
Santos I, Sniehotta FF, Marques MM, Carraça EV, Teixeira PJ. Prevalence of personal weight control attempts in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2017;18:32–50.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Swinburn BA, Sacks G, Hall KD, McPherson K, Finegood DT, Moodie ML, Gortmaker SL. The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments. Lancet. 2011;378:804–14.CrossRefPubMed
3.
4.
5.
Jansen A, Schyns G, Bongers P, van den Akker K. From lab to clinic: extinction of cued cravings to reduce overeating. Physiol Behav. 2016;162:174–80.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Watson P, Wiers RW, Hommel B, de Wit S. Working for food you don’t desire. Cues interfere with goal-directed food-seeking. Appetite. 2014;79:139–48.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Stice E, Lawrence NS, Kemps E, Veling H. Training motor responses to food: a novel treatment for obesity targeting implicit processes. Clin Psychol Rev. 2016;49:16–27.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Hollands GJ, Prestwich A, Marteau TM. Using aversive images to enhance healthy food choices and implicit attitudes: an experimental test of evaluative conditioning. Health Psychol. 2011;30:195.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Kemps E, Tiggemann M, Orr J, Grear J. Attentional retraining can reduce chocolate consumption. J Exp Psychol Appl. 2014;20:94–102.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Schonberg T, Bakkour A, Hover AM, Mumford JA, Nagar L, Perez J, Poldrack RA. Changing value through cued approach: an automatic mechanism of behavior change. Nat Neurosci. 2014;17:625–30.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
Houben K, Jansen A. Training inhibitory control. A recipe for resisting sweet temptations. Appetite. 2011;56:345–9.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Lawrence NS, Verbruggen F, Morrison S, Adams RC, Chambers CD. Stopping to food can reduce intake: effects of stimulus-specificity and individual differences in dietary restraint. Appetite. 2015a;85:91–103.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Veling H, Aarts H, Papies EK. Using stop signals to inhibit chronic dieters’ responses toward palatable foods. Behaviour Research & Therapy. 2011;49:771–80.CrossRef
14.
Veling H, Aarts H, Stroebe W. Stop signals decrease choices for palatable foods through decreased food evaluation. Front Psychol. 2013a;4:857.CrossRef
15.
Van Koningsbruggen GM, Veling H, Stroebe W, Aarts H. Comparing two psychological interventions in reducing impulsive processes of eating behaviour: effects on self-selected portion size. Br J Health Psychol. 2014;19:767–82.CrossRefPubMed
16.
•• Lawrence NS, O’Sullivan J, Parslow DM, Javaid M, Adams RC, Chambers CD, Kos K, Verbruggen F. Training response inhibition to food is associated with weight loss and reduced calorie intake. Appetite. 2015b;95:17–28. An experiment showing effects of go/no-go training on weight loss, reduced intake, and devaluation in an overweight community sample. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
•• Chen Z, Veling H, Dijksterhuis A, Holland RW. How does not responding to appetitive stimuli cause devaluation: evaluative conditioning or response inhibition? J Exp Psychol Gen. 2016;145:1687–701. A series of preregistered laboratory experiments showing robust devaluation effects of no-go food items. CrossRefPubMed
18.
Blackburne T, Rodriguez A, Johnstone SJ. A serious game to increase healthy food consumption in overweight or obese adults: randomized controlled trial. JMIR Serious Games. 2016;4(2)
19.
Forman EM, Shaw JA, Goldstein SP, Butryn ML, Martin LM, Meiran N, et al. Mindful decision making and inhibitory control training as complementary means to decrease snack consumption. Appetite. 2016;103:176–83.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Houben K. Overcoming the urge to splurge: influencing eating behavior by manipulating inhibitory control. Journal of Behavioral Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry. 2011;42:384–8.CrossRef
21.
Folkvord F, Veling H, Hoeken H. Targeting implicit approach reactions to snack food in children: effects on snack intake. Health Psychol. 2016;35:919–22.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Adams RC, Lawrence NS, Verbruggen F, Chambers CD. Training response inhibition to reduce food consumption: mechanisms, stimulus specificity and appropriate training protocols. Appetite. 2016;109:11–23.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Veling H, Aarts H, Stroebe W. Using stop signals to reduce impulsive choices for palatable unhealthy foods. Br J Health Psychol. 2013b;18:354–68.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Kakoschke N, Kemps E, Tiggemann M. The effect of combined avoidance and control training on implicit food evaluation and choice. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2017;55:99–105.CrossRefPubMed
25.
•• Veling H, Koningsbruggen G, Aarts H, Stroebe W. Targeting impulsive processes of eating behavior via the internet. Effects on body weight. Appetite. 2014;78:102–9. An experiment showing an effect of the go/no-go task on weight loss independent of the strength of people’s weight loss intentions. CrossRefPubMed
26.
Bowley C, Faricy C, Hegarty B, Johnstone SJ, Smith JL, Kelly PJ, Rushby JA. The effects of inhibitory control training on alcohol consumption, implicit alcohol-related cognitions and brain electrical activity. Int J Psychophysiol. 2013;89(3):342–8.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Jones A, Field M. The effects of cue-specific inhibition training on alcohol consumption in heavy social drinkers. Experimental Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2013;21:8–16.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Houben K, Havermans R, Nederkoorn C, Jansen A. Beer a no-go: learning to stop responding to alcohol cues reduces alcohol intake via reduced affective associations rather than increased response inhibition. Addiction. 2012;107:1280–7.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Houben K, Nederkoorn C, Wiers R, Jansen A. Resisting temptation: decreasing alcohol-related affect and drinking behavior by training response inhibition. Drug & Alcohol Dependence. 2011;116:132–6.CrossRef
30.
Verbruggen F, Logan GD. Automatic and controlled response inhibition: associative learning in the go/no-go and stop-signal paradigms. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2008;137:649–72.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
Verbruggen F, Best M, Bowditch WA, Stevens T, McLaren IP. The inhibitory control reflex. Neuropsychologia. 2014;65:263–78.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Jones A, Di Lemma L, Robinson E, Christiansen P, Nolan S, Tudur-Smith C, Field M. Inhibitory control training for appetitive behaviour change: a meta-analytic investigation of mechanisms of action and moderators of effectiveness. Appetite. 2016;97:16–28.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Eagle DM, Bari A, Robbins TW. The neuropsychopharmacology of action inhibition: cross-species translation of the stop-signal and go/no-go tasks. Psychopharmacology. 2008;199:439–56.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Schachar R, Logan GD, Robaey P, Chen S, Ickowicz A, Barr C. Restraint and cancellation: multiple inhibition deficits in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2007;35:229–38.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Allom V, Mullan B. Two inhibitory control training interventions designed to improve eating behaviour and determine mechanisms of change. Appetite. 2015;89:282–90.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Allom V, Mullan B, Hagger M. Does inhibitory control training improve health behaviour? A meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review. 2016;10(2):168–186.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Turton R, Bruidegom K, Cardi V, Hirsch CR, Treasure J. Novel methods to help develop healthier eating habits for eating and weight disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016;61:132–55.CrossRefPubMed
38.
Bakkour A, Leuker C, Hover AM, Giles N, Poldrack RA, Schonberg T. Mechanisms of choice behavior shift using cue-approach training. Front Psychol. 2016;7
39.
Veling H, Chen Z, Tombrock M, Verpaalen IAM, Schmitz L, Dijksterhuis A, Holland RW. Training impulsive choices for healthy and sustainable food. J Exp Psychol Appl. 2017.
40.
Krajbich I, Armel C, Rangel A. Visual fixations and the computation and comparison of value in simple choice. Nat Neurosci. 2010;13:1292–8.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Best M, Lawrence NS, Logan GD, McLaren IP, Verbruggen F. Should I stop or should I go? The role of associations and expectancies. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2015;45:115–37.
42.
Bowditch WA, Verbruggen F, McLaren IP. Associatively mediated stopping: training stimulus-specific inhibitory control. Learn Behav. 2016;1–13.
43.
Lenartowicz A, Verbruggen F, Logan GD, Poldrack RA. Inhibition-related activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus in the absence of inhibitory cues. J Cogn Neurosci. 2011;23:3388–99.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Freeman SM, Razhas I, Aron AR. Top-down response suppression mitigates action tendencies triggered by a motivating stimulus. Curr Biol. 2014;24:212–6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
45.
Houben K, Jansen A. Chocolate equals stop. Chocolate-specific inhibition training reduces chocolate intake and go associations with chocolate. Appetite. 2015;87:318–23.CrossRefPubMed
46.
Veling H, Holland RW, van Knippenberg A. When approach motivation and behavioral inhibition collide: behavior regulation through stimulus devaluation. J Exp Soc Psychol. 2008;44:1013–9.CrossRef
47.
Fenske MJ, Raymond JE. Affective influences of selective attention. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2006;15:312–6.CrossRef
48.
Frischen A, Ferrey AE, Burt DH, Pistchik M, Fenske MJ. The affective consequences of cognitive inhibition: devaluation or neutralization? J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2012;38:169–79.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Ferrey AE, Frischen A, Fenske MJ. Hot or not: response inhibition reduces the hedonic value and motivational incentive of sexual stimuli. Front Psychol. 2012;3:575.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
50.
Logan GD. Toward an instance theory of automatization. Psychol Rev. 1988;95:492–527.CrossRef
51.
Berridge KC, Ho CY, Richard JM, DiFeliceantonio AG. The tempted brain eats: pleasure and desire circuits in obesity and eating disorders. Brain Res. 2010;1350:43–64.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
52.
Kroemer NB, Guevara A, Ciocanea Teodorescu I, Wuttig F, Kobiella A, Smolka MN. Balancing reward and work: anticipatory brain activation in NAcc and VTA predict effort differentially. NeuroImage. 2014;102:510–9.CrossRefPubMed
53.
54.
Guitart-Masip M, Huys QJ, Fuentemilla L, Dayan P, Duzel E, Dolan RJ. Go and no-go learning in reward and punishment: interactions between affect and effect. NeuroImage. 2012;62:154–66.CrossRefPubMed
55.
56.
Lee R, Dingle K, Griffiths E, Lawrence N. Explicit and implicit training of food response inhibition is associated with food devaluation and weight loss. Appetite. 2016;107:686.CrossRef
57.
Bowditch WA. Response inhibition and associative learning: training stimulus specific response inhibition. University of Exeter. 2016.
Metadata
Title
What Is Trained During Food Go/No-Go Training? A Review Focusing on Mechanisms and a Research Agenda
Authors
Harm Veling
Natalia S. Lawrence
Zhang Chen
Guido M. van Koningsbruggen
Rob W. Holland
Publication date
01-03-2017
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Current Addiction Reports / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2196-2952
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-017-0131-5