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Sports Medicine
Published in: Sports Medicine 10/2014

01-10-2014 | Systematic Review

Efficiency of Jumping Exercise in Improving Bone Mineral Density Among Premenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis

Authors: Renqing Zhao, Meihua Zhao, Liuji Zhang

Published in: Sports Medicine | Issue 10/2014

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Abstract

Background

Jumping exercise is frequently regarded as an optimum strategy for increasing pubertal bone growth, but its role in promoting or preserving adult bone mineral density (BMD) is still undefined.

Objectives

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the evidence for the influence of jumping exercise on BMD in premenopausal women and to define the effectiveness of high-impact exercise in improving or maintaining female bone health.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Google Scholar and BIOSIS up to 1 September 2013 for jumping exercise influence on BMD in premenopausal women. The search terms used were ‘jumping’, ‘skipping’, ‘brief exercise’, ‘high impact’, ‘bone density’, ‘BMD’, ‘femoral neck’, ‘lumbar spine’, and ‘trochanter’, and the search was limited to females. Six papers met the search criteria.

Results

Six studies on BMD in the femoral neck (Q = 2.63, p = 0.854, I 2 = 0.0 %), trochanter (Q = 2.10, p = 0.10, I 2 = 0.0 %) and lumbar spine (Q = 1.17, p = 0.979, I 2 = 0.0 %) were highly homogenous in determining skeletal responses to jumping exercise. Jumping exercise significantly increased BMD in the femoral neck {weighted mean difference (WMD) [fixed effect] = 0.017 g/cm2, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.014–0.20, p < 0.001} and trochanter (WMD [fixed effect] = 0.021, 95 % CI 0.018–0.024, p < 0.001). However, the lumbar spine seemed to benefit less from such high-impact exercise (p = 0.181). Visual inspection of the plots implicated some degree of asymmetry, indicating a slightly positive treatment effect at the femoral neck and trochanter sites.

Conclusions

Based on meta-analysis of existing studies, the sensitivity of skeletal response to jumping exercise in premenopausal women is significant and site-specific, with significant benefit from high-impact exercise noted, especially at the hip.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Efficiency of Jumping Exercise in Improving Bone Mineral Density Among Premenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis
Authors
Renqing Zhao
Meihua Zhao
Liuji Zhang
Publication date
01-10-2014
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Sports Medicine / Issue 10/2014
Print ISSN: 0112-1642
Electronic ISSN: 1179-2035
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0220-8

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