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01-09-2015 | The Obesity Epidemic: Causes and Consequences (A Peeters and S Tanamas, Section Editors)

A Review of the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Position and the Early-Life Predictors of Obesity

Authors: Adrian J Cameron, Alison C. Spence, Rachel Laws, Kylie D. Hesketh, Sandrine Lioret, Karen J Campbell

Published in: Current Obesity Reports | Issue 3/2015

Abstract

A range of important early-life predictors of later obesity have been identified. Children of lower socioeconomic position (SEP) have a steeper weight gain trajectory from birth with a strong socioeconomic gradient in child and adult obesity prevalence. An assessment of the association between SEP and the early-life predictors of obesity has been lacking. The review involved a two-stage process: Part 1, using previously published systematic reviews, we developed a list of the potentially modifiable determinants of obesity observable in the pre-natal, peri-natal or post-natal (pre-school) periods; and part 2, conducting a literature review of evidence for socioeconomic patterning in the determinants identified in part 1. Strong evidence was found for an inverse relationship between SEP and (1) pre-natal risk factors (pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI), diabetes and pre-pregnancy diet), (2) antenatal/peri natal risk factors (smoking during pregnancy and low birth weight) and (3) early-life nutrition (including breastfeeding initiation and duration, early introduction of solids, maternal and infant diet quality, and some aspects of the home food environment), and television viewing in young children. Less strong evidence (because of a lack of studies for some factors) was found for paternal BMI, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, child sleep duration, high birth weight and lack of physical activity in young children. A strong socioeconomic gradient exists for the majority of the early-life predictors of obesity suggesting that the die is cast very early in life (even pre-conception). Lifestyle interventions targeting disadvantaged women at or before child-bearing age may therefore be particularly important in reducing inequality. Given the likely challenges of reaching this target population, it may be that during pregnancy and their child’s early years are more feasible windows for engagement.

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Title: A Review of the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Position and the Early-Life Predictors of Obesity
Authors: Adrian J Cameron
Alison C. Spence
Rachel Laws
Kylie D. Hesketh
Sandrine Lioret
Karen J Campbell
Publication date: 01-09-2015
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Current Obesity Reports / Issue 3/2015
Electronic ISSN: 2162-4968
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-015-0168-5

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Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

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Other articles of this Issue 3/2015

An Overview of Links Between Obesity and Mental Health

Obesity Genes, Personalized Medicine, and Public Health Policy

Weight Management in Older Adults

Ethical Issues for Public Health Approaches to Obesity

The Double Burden of Undernutrition and Overnutrition in Developing Countries: an Update

Long-Term Outcomes of Obesity Surgery and Implications for Health System Planning

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