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01-06-2016

Central nervous system penetration effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs and neuropsychological impairment in the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study

Authors: Adriana Carvalhal, M. John Gill, Scott L. Letendre, Anita Rachlis, Tsegaye Bekele, Janet Raboud, Ann Burchell, Sean B. Rourke, and the Centre for Brain Health in HIV/AIDS

Published in: Journal of NeuroVirology | Issue 3/2016

Abstract

Since the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), the incidence of severe HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment has declined significantly, whereas the prevalence of the milder forms has increased. Studies suggest that better distribution of cART drugs into the CNS may be important in reducing viral replication in the CNS and in reducing HIV-related brain injury. Correlates of neuropsychological (NP) performance were determined in 417 participants of the Ontario HIV Treatment Cohort Study (OCS). All participants were on three cART drugs for at least 90 days prior to assessment. Multiple logistic and linear regression methods were used. Most participants were Caucasian men with mean age of 47 years. About two thirds had a nadir CD4+ T-cell count below 200 cells/μL and 92 % had an undetectable plasma HIV viral load. The median CNS penetration effectiveness (CPE) score was 7. Sixty percent of participants had neuropsychological impairment. Higher CPE values significantly correlated with lower prevalence of impairment in bivariate and multivariate analyses. In this cross-sectional analysis of HIV+ adults who had a low prevalence of comorbidities and were taking three-drug cART regimens, greater estimated distribution of cART drugs into the CNS was associated with better NP performance.

GDS ≥ 0.5

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Title: Central nervous system penetration effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs and neuropsychological impairment in the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study
Authors: Adriana Carvalhal
M. John Gill
Scott L. Letendre
Anita Rachlis
Tsegaye Bekele
Janet Raboud
Ann Burchell
Sean B. Rourke
and the Centre for Brain Health in HIV/AIDS
Publication date: 01-06-2016
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of NeuroVirology / Issue 3/2016
Print ISSN: 1355-0284
Electronic ISSN: 1538-2443
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-015-0404-5

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Central nervous system penetration effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs and neuropsychological impairment in the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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