Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Insights into Imaging 2/2010

Open Access 01-05-2010 | Original Article

An assessment of medical students’ awareness of radiation exposures associated with diagnostic imaging investigations

Authors: Jennifer O’Sullivan, Owen J. O’Connor, Kevin O’Regan, Bronagh Clarke, Louise N. Burgoyne, Max F. Ryan, Michael M. Maher

Published in: Insights into Imaging | Issue 2/2010

Login to get access

Abstract

Objectives

This study assessed students’ awareness of radiation exposures and determined the impact a curriculum in clinical radiology (CICR) had on awareness.

Methods

Six hundred seventy medical students at one medical school were studied. CICR was delivered in yearly modules over the 5-year programme. Five hundred twenty-three students (years 1–5), exposed to increasing numbers of CICR modules and 147 students beginning medical school (year 0), represented the study and control groups, respectively. Students completed a multiple choice questionnaire assessing radiation knowledge and radiology teaching.

Results

Most students in the study population received CICR but 87% considered they had not received radiation protection instruction. The percentage of correctly answered questions was significantly higher in the study population than the control group (59.7% versus 38%, p < 0.001). Students who received CICR achieved higher scores than those who did not (61.3% compared with 42.8%, p < 0.001). Increasing exposure to CICR with each year of medical education was associated with improved performance.

Conclusions

Assessment of students’ awareness of radiation exposures in diagnostic imaging demonstrates improved performance with increasing years in medical school and/or increasing exposure to CICR. Findings support the Euroatom 97 directive position, advocating implementation of radiation protection instruction into the undergraduate medical curriculum.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Desmond A, O’ Regan K, Curran C, McWiliams S, Fitzgerald T, Maher MM, Shanahan F (2008) Crohn’s disease: factors associated with exposure to high levels of diagnostic radiation. Gut 57(11):1524–1529PubMedCrossRef Desmond A, O’ Regan K, Curran C, McWiliams S, Fitzgerald T, Maher MM, Shanahan F (2008) Crohn’s disease: factors associated with exposure to high levels of diagnostic radiation. Gut 57(11):1524–1529PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Cardis E, Vrijheid M, Blattner M, Gilbert E, Hakama M, Hill C et al (2007) The 15-country collaborative study of cancer risk among radiation workers in the nuclear industry: estimates of radiation-related cancer risks. Radiat Res 167:396–416PubMedCrossRef Cardis E, Vrijheid M, Blattner M, Gilbert E, Hakama M, Hill C et al (2007) The 15-country collaborative study of cancer risk among radiation workers in the nuclear industry: estimates of radiation-related cancer risks. Radiat Res 167:396–416PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Hart D, Wall BF (2004) UK population dose from medical X-ray examinations. Eur Radiol 50:285–291CrossRef Hart D, Wall BF (2004) UK population dose from medical X-ray examinations. Eur Radiol 50:285–291CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Brenner D, Elliston C, Hall E, Berdon W (2001) Estimated risks of radiation-induced fatal cancer from pediatric CT. Am J Rad 176:289–296 Brenner D, Elliston C, Hall E, Berdon W (2001) Estimated risks of radiation-induced fatal cancer from pediatric CT. Am J Rad 176:289–296
5.
go back to reference Brenner D, Hall E, Phil D (2007) Computed tomography—an increasing source of radiation exposure. NEJM 357:322CrossRef Brenner D, Hall E, Phil D (2007) Computed tomography—an increasing source of radiation exposure. NEJM 357:322CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Council Directive 97/43/Euratom of 30 June 1997 on health protection of individuals against the dangers of ionizing radiation in relation to medical exposure and repealing Directive 84/466/Euratom. Official Journal of the European Communities09/07/1997; L180: 0022-0027 Council Directive 97/43/Euratom of 30 June 1997 on health protection of individuals against the dangers of ionizing radiation in relation to medical exposure and repealing Directive 84/466/Euratom. Official Journal of the European Communities09/07/1997; L180: 0022-0027
7.
go back to reference Sidhu MK, Goske MJ, Coley BJ, Connolly B, Racadio J, Yoshizumi TT, Utley T, Strauss KJ (2009) Image gently, step lightly: increasing radiation dose awareness in pediatric interventions through an international social marketing campaign. J Vasc Interv Radiol 20(9):1115–1159PubMedCrossRef Sidhu MK, Goske MJ, Coley BJ, Connolly B, Racadio J, Yoshizumi TT, Utley T, Strauss KJ (2009) Image gently, step lightly: increasing radiation dose awareness in pediatric interventions through an international social marketing campaign. J Vasc Interv Radiol 20(9):1115–1159PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Goske MJ, Applegate K, Boylan J et al (2008) The Image Gently campaign: working together to change practice. Am J Rad 190:273–274 Goske MJ, Applegate K, Boylan J et al (2008) The Image Gently campaign: working together to change practice. Am J Rad 190:273–274
9.
go back to reference Shiralkar S, Rennie A, Snow M, Galland RB, Lewis MH, Gower-Thomas K (2003) Doctors’ knowledge of radiation exposure: questionnaire study. BMJ 327:371–372PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Shiralkar S, Rennie A, Snow M, Galland RB, Lewis MH, Gower-Thomas K (2003) Doctors’ knowledge of radiation exposure: questionnaire study. BMJ 327:371–372PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Quinn AD, Taylor CG, Sabharwal T, Sikdar T (1997) Radiation protection awareness in non-radiologists. Br J Radiol 70:102–106PubMedCrossRef Quinn AD, Taylor CG, Sabharwal T, Sikdar T (1997) Radiation protection awareness in non-radiologists. Br J Radiol 70:102–106PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Jacob K, Vivian G, Steel JR (2004) X-ray dose training: are we exposed to enough? Clin Radiol 59:928–934PubMedCrossRef Jacob K, Vivian G, Steel JR (2004) X-ray dose training: are we exposed to enough? Clin Radiol 59:928–934PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Tavakoli M, Seilanian Toosi F, Saadatjou SA (2003) Knowledge of medical students on hazards of ionizing radiation. J Med Educ 3(1):3–6 Tavakoli M, Seilanian Toosi F, Saadatjou SA (2003) Knowledge of medical students on hazards of ionizing radiation. J Med Educ 3(1):3–6
13.
go back to reference Mubeen MS, Abbas Q, Nisar N (2008) Knowledge about ionising and non-ionising radiation among medical students. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 20(1):118–121PubMed Mubeen MS, Abbas Q, Nisar N (2008) Knowledge about ionising and non-ionising radiation among medical students. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 20(1):118–121PubMed
16.
go back to reference Berrington de González A, Darby S (2004) Risk of cancer from diagnostic X-rays: estimates for the UK and 14 other countries. Lancet 363:345–351PubMedCrossRef Berrington de González A, Darby S (2004) Risk of cancer from diagnostic X-rays: estimates for the UK and 14 other countries. Lancet 363:345–351PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Wall BF, Hart D (1997) Revised radiation doses for typical X-ray examinations. Br J Radiol 70:437–439PubMedCrossRef Wall BF, Hart D (1997) Revised radiation doses for typical X-ray examinations. Br J Radiol 70:437–439PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Lee C, Haims AH, Monico E, Brink J, Forman H (2004) Diagnostic CT Scans: Assessment of Patient, Physician, and Radiologist Awareness of Radiation Dose and Possible Risks. Radiology 231:393–398PubMedCrossRef Lee C, Haims AH, Monico E, Brink J, Forman H (2004) Diagnostic CT Scans: Assessment of Patient, Physician, and Radiologist Awareness of Radiation Dose and Possible Risks. Radiology 231:393–398PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Soye JA, Paterson A (2008) A survey of awareness of radiation dose among health professionals in Northern Ireland. Br J Radiol 81(969):725–729PubMedCrossRef Soye JA, Paterson A (2008) A survey of awareness of radiation dose among health professionals in Northern Ireland. Br J Radiol 81(969):725–729PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Arslanoğlu A, Bilgin S, Kubal Z, Ceyhan MN, Ilhan MN, Maral I (2007) Doctors’ and intern doctors’ knowledge about patients’ ionizing radiation exposure doses during common radiological examinations. Diagn Interv Radiol 13(2):53–55PubMed Arslanoğlu A, Bilgin S, Kubal Z, Ceyhan MN, Ilhan MN, Maral I (2007) Doctors’ and intern doctors’ knowledge about patients’ ionizing radiation exposure doses during common radiological examinations. Diagn Interv Radiol 13(2):53–55PubMed
21.
go back to reference Kilpatrick CC, Orejuela FJ (2008) Management of the acute abdomen in pregnancy: a review. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 20(6):534–539PubMedCrossRef Kilpatrick CC, Orejuela FJ (2008) Management of the acute abdomen in pregnancy: a review. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 20(6):534–539PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Podnos YD, Williams RA, Jimenez JC, Stemmer EA, Gordon IL, Wilson SE (2003) Reducing the noneducational and nonclinical workload of the surgical resident: defining the role of the health technician. Curr Surg 60(5):529–532PubMedCrossRef Podnos YD, Williams RA, Jimenez JC, Stemmer EA, Gordon IL, Wilson SE (2003) Reducing the noneducational and nonclinical workload of the surgical resident: defining the role of the health technician. Curr Surg 60(5):529–532PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
An assessment of medical students’ awareness of radiation exposures associated with diagnostic imaging investigations
Authors
Jennifer O’Sullivan
Owen J. O’Connor
Kevin O’Regan
Bronagh Clarke
Louise N. Burgoyne
Max F. Ryan
Michael M. Maher
Publication date
01-05-2010
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Insights into Imaging / Issue 2/2010
Electronic ISSN: 1869-4101
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13244-010-0009-8

Other articles of this Issue 2/2010

Insights into Imaging 2/2010 Go to the issue