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01-02-2012

Exercise Pre-conditioning Reduces Brain Inflammation and Protects against Toxicity Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury: Behavioral and Neurochemical Approach

Authors: Bibiana Castagna Mota, Leticia Pereira, Mauren Assis Souza, Luiz Fernando Almeida Silva, Danieli Valnes Magni, Ana Paula Oliveira Ferreira, Mauro Schneider Oliveira, Ana Flávia Furian, Leidiane Mazzardo-Martins, Morgana Duarte da Silva, Adair Roberto Soares Santos, Juliano Ferreira, Michele Rechia Fighera, Luiz Fernando Freire Royes

Published in: Neurotoxicity Research | Issue 2/2012

Abstract

Although the favorable effects of physical exercise in neurorehabilitation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are well known, detailed pathologic and functional alterations exerted by previous physical exercise on post-traumatic cerebral inflammation have been limited. In the present study, it is showed that fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) induced motor function impairment, followed by increased plasma fluorescein extravasation and cerebral—inflammation characterized by interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increase, and decreased IL-10. In addition, myeloperoxidase (MPO) increase and Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase activity inhibition after FPI suggest that the opening of blood–brain barrier (BBB) followed by neurtrophils infiltration and cerebral inflammation may contribute to the failure of selected targets leading to secondary damage. In fact, Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed strong correlation of MPO activity increase with Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase activity inhibition in sedentary rats. Statistical analysis also revealed that previous running exercise (4 weeks) protected against FPI-induced motor function impairment and fluorescein extravasation. Previous physical training also induced IL-10 increase per se and protected against cerebral IL-1β, and TNF-α increase and IL-10 decrease induced by FPI. This protocol of physical training was effective against MPO activity increase and Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase activity inhibition after FPI. The present protection correlated with MPO activity decrease suggests that the alteration of cerebral inflammatory status profile elicited by previous physical training reduces initial damage and limits long-term secondary degeneration after TBI. This prophylactic effect may facilitate functional recovery in patients suffering from brain injury induced by TBI.

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Title: Exercise Pre-conditioning Reduces Brain Inflammation and Protects against Toxicity Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury: Behavioral and Neurochemical Approach
Authors: Bibiana Castagna Mota
Leticia Pereira
Mauren Assis Souza
Luiz Fernando Almeida Silva
Danieli Valnes Magni
Ana Paula Oliveira Ferreira
Mauro Schneider Oliveira
Ana Flávia Furian
Leidiane Mazzardo-Martins
Morgana Duarte da Silva
Adair Roberto Soares Santos
Juliano Ferreira
Michele Rechia Fighera
Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
Publication date: 01-02-2012
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Neurotoxicity Research / Issue 2/2012
Print ISSN: 1029-8428
Electronic ISSN: 1476-3524
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-011-9257-8

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Exercise Pre-conditioning Reduces Brain Inflammation and Protects against Toxicity Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury: Behavioral and Neurochemical Approach

Abstract

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Abstract

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