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Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
Published in: Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie 2/2011

01-02-2011 | Theme Issue: Mechanisms of Anesthesia

Brief review: Anesthetic neurotoxicity in the elderly, cognitive dysfunction and Alzheimer’s disease

Authors: Edward A. Bittner, MD, Yun Yue, MD, Zhongcong Xie, MD

Published in: Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie | Issue 2/2011

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Abstract

Purpose

Postoperative cognitive decline in the elderly has emerged as a major health concern. In addition, there is a growing interest in the potential relationship between general anesthetic exposure and the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The available evidence of a possible association between anesthesia, surgery, and long-term cognitive effects, including AD, deserves consideration. In this review, we summarize the evidence for anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity in the elderly, while highlighting the limitations of existing data, and we put the literature into perspective for the clinician.

Principal findings

A growing body of evidence suggests that general anesthetics may be neurotoxic to both young and aging brains. Much of the evidence originates from in vitro and in vivo studies with cells, rodents, and nonhuman primates. Despite the animal data suggesting a relationship between anesthesia and neurotoxicity in the elderly, a definitive link remains elusive in humans.

Conclusions

The possible relation between anesthetic neurotoxicity, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and AD remains elusive. It remains unclear whether postoperative cognitive decline in the elderly is related more to perioperative stress and related medical co-morbidities.
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Metadata
Title
Brief review: Anesthetic neurotoxicity in the elderly, cognitive dysfunction and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors
Edward A. Bittner, MD
Yun Yue, MD
Zhongcong Xie, MD
Publication date
01-02-2011
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie / Issue 2/2011
Print ISSN: 0832-610X
Electronic ISSN: 1496-8975
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-010-9418-x

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