Skip to main content
Top
Published in: World Journal of Pediatrics 3/2020

01-06-2020 | Coronavirus | Review Article

Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts’ consensus statement

Authors: Kunling Shen, Yonghong Yang, Tianyou Wang, Dongchi Zhao, Yi Jiang, Runming Jin, Yuejie Zheng, Baoping Xu, Zhengde Xie, Likai Lin, Yunxiao Shang, Xiaoxia Lu, Sainan Shu, Yan Bai, Jikui Deng, Min Lu, Leping Ye, Xuefeng Wang, Yongyan Wang, Liwei Gao, China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China, Group of Respirology, Chinese Pediatric Society, Chinese Medical Association, Chinese Medical Doctor Association Committee on Respirology Pediatrics, China Medicine Education Association Committee on Pediatrics, Chinese Research Hospital Association Committee on Pediatrics, Chinese Non-government Medical Institutions Association Committee on Pediatrics, China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Committee on Children’s Health and Medicine Research, China News of Drug Information Association, Committee on Children’s Safety Medication, Global Pediatric Pulmonology Alliance

Published in: World Journal of Pediatrics | Issue 3/2020

Login to get access

Abstract

Since the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan City, China, by January 30, 2020, a total of 9692 confirmed cases and 15,238 suspected cases have been reported around 31 provinces or cities in China. Among the confirmed cases, 1527 were severe cases, 171 had recovered and been discharged at home, and 213 died. And among these cases, a total of 28 children aged from 1 month to 17 years have been reported in China. For standardizing prevention and management of 2019-nCoV infections in children, we called up an experts’ committee to formulate this experts’ consensus statement. This statement is based on the Novel Coronavirus Infection Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Standards (the fourth edition) (National Health Committee) and other previous diagnosis and treatment strategies for pediatric virus infections. The present consensus statement summarizes current strategies on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in children.
Literature
4.
go back to reference The Society of Pediatrics of Hubei Medical Association, The Society of Pediatrics of Wuhan Medical Association, Hubei Pediatric Medical Quality Control Center. Suggestions on the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus infection in children in Hubei province (trial version 1). CJCP. 2020;22:96–9 (in Chinese). The Society of Pediatrics of Hubei Medical Association, The Society of Pediatrics of Wuhan Medical Association, Hubei Pediatric Medical Quality Control Center. Suggestions on the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus infection in children in Hubei province (trial version 1). CJCP. 2020;22:96–9 (in Chinese).
8.
go back to reference Li ZZ, Shen KL, Wei XM, Wang HL, Lu J, Tian H, et al. Clinical analysis of pediatric SARS cases in Beijing. Chin J Pediatr. 2003;41:574–7 (in Chinese). Li ZZ, Shen KL, Wei XM, Wang HL, Lu J, Tian H, et al. Clinical analysis of pediatric SARS cases in Beijing. Chin J Pediatr. 2003;41:574–7 (in Chinese).
9.
go back to reference Yang YH. Concern for severe acute respiratory syndrom. Chin J Pediatr. 2003;41:401–2 (in Chinese). Yang YH. Concern for severe acute respiratory syndrom. Chin J Pediatr. 2003;41:401–2 (in Chinese).
10.
go back to reference Zeng QY, Liu L, Zeng HS, Yu MH, Ye QC, Deng L, et al. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of 33 children with severe acute respiratory syndrome in Guangzhou area. Chin J Pediatr. 2003;41:408 (in Chinese). Zeng QY, Liu L, Zeng HS, Yu MH, Ye QC, Deng L, et al. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of 33 children with severe acute respiratory syndrome in Guangzhou area. Chin J Pediatr. 2003;41:408 (in Chinese).
13.
go back to reference The Subspecialty Group of Respiratory Diseases of The Society of Pediatrics of Chinese Medical Association. Guidelines for management of community acquired pneumonia in children. Chin J Pediatr. 2013;51:145–52 (in Chinese). The Subspecialty Group of Respiratory Diseases of The Society of Pediatrics of Chinese Medical Association. Guidelines for management of community acquired pneumonia in children. Chin J Pediatr. 2013;51:145–52 (in Chinese).
14.
go back to reference Harris M, Clark J, Coote N, Fletcher P, Harnden A, McKean M, et al. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update 2011. Thorax. 2011;66:1–23.CrossRef Harris M, Clark J, Coote N, Fletcher P, Harnden A, McKean M, et al. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update 2011. Thorax. 2011;66:1–23.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Bradley JS, Byington CL, Shah SS, Alverson B, Carter ER, Harrison C, et al. The management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children older than 3 months of age: clinical practice guidelines by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;53:e25–76.CrossRefPubMed Bradley JS, Byington CL, Shah SS, Alverson B, Carter ER, Harrison C, et al. The management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children older than 3 months of age: clinical practice guidelines by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;53:e25–76.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Al-Tawfiq JA, Momattin H, Dib J, Memish ZA. Ribavirin and interferon therapy in patients infected with the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: an observational study. Int J Infect Dis. 2014;20:42–6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Al-Tawfiq JA, Momattin H, Dib J, Memish ZA. Ribavirin and interferon therapy in patients infected with the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: an observational study. Int J Infect Dis. 2014;20:42–6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
go back to reference Wang HQ, Ma LL, Jiang JD, Pang R, Chen YJ, Li YH. Recombinant human interferon alpha 2b broad-spectrum anti-respiratory viruses pharmacodynamics study in vitro. Acta Pharmaceu Sin. 2014;49:1547–53 (in Chinese). Wang HQ, Ma LL, Jiang JD, Pang R, Chen YJ, Li YH. Recombinant human interferon alpha 2b broad-spectrum anti-respiratory viruses pharmacodynamics study in vitro. Acta Pharmaceu Sin. 2014;49:1547–53 (in Chinese).
19.
go back to reference Hijano DR, Siefker DT, Shrestha B, Jaligama S. Type I interferon potentiates IgA immunity to respiratory syncytial virus infection during infancy. Sci Rep. 2018;8:11034.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hijano DR, Siefker DT, Shrestha B, Jaligama S. Type I interferon potentiates IgA immunity to respiratory syncytial virus infection during infancy. Sci Rep. 2018;8:11034.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
20.
go back to reference Shen KL, Shang YX, Zhang GC, Xu BP, Fu Z, Cao L, et al. Expert consensus on rational application of interferon α in pediatrics. Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr. 2018;33:1301–8 (in Chinese). Shen KL, Shang YX, Zhang GC, Xu BP, Fu Z, Cao L, et al. Expert consensus on rational application of interferon α in pediatrics. Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr. 2018;33:1301–8 (in Chinese).
21.
go back to reference The Expert Committee on Pediatric Medicine of National Healthand Commission, National Health and Family Planning, Commission of The People’s Republic of China, Pediatric Section of Chinese Medical Association Respiratory Group, Respiratory Disease Pediatric Society of Chinese Physicians’ Association, Committee of Pediatric Chinese Medicine Education Association. Guidelines for rational drug use in children with wheezing disorders. Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr. 2018;33:1460–72 (in Chinese). The Expert Committee on Pediatric Medicine of National Healthand Commission, National Health and Family Planning, Commission of The People’s Republic of China, Pediatric Section of Chinese Medical Association Respiratory Group, Respiratory Disease Pediatric Society of Chinese Physicians’ Association, Committee of Pediatric Chinese Medicine Education Association. Guidelines for rational drug use in children with wheezing disorders. Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr. 2018;33:1460–72 (in Chinese).
22.
go back to reference Liu B, Shang YX, Lu YD. Study on the safety of recombinant human interferon 2b injection (pseudomonas) and hydroxyethyl starch 40 as excipient in SD rats. Int J Pediatr. 2019;46:692–7 (in Chinese). Liu B, Shang YX, Lu YD. Study on the safety of recombinant human interferon 2b injection (pseudomonas) and hydroxyethyl starch 40 as excipient in SD rats. Int J Pediatr. 2019;46:692–7 (in Chinese).
24.
go back to reference Xu YL, Li Y, Chen YP, Xin SX, Xie L, Liang YD, et al. A multicenter controlled clinical study on the efficacy and safety of recombinant human interferon α2b spray in the treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease in children. Chin J Infect. 2018;36:101–6 (in Chinese). Xu YL, Li Y, Chen YP, Xin SX, Xie L, Liang YD, et al. A multicenter controlled clinical study on the efficacy and safety of recombinant human interferon α2b spray in the treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease in children. Chin J Infect. 2018;36:101–6 (in Chinese).
25.
go back to reference Infection group of pediatric branch of Chinese Medical Association, National Center for Medical Quality Control of Infectious Diseases. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of herpetic pharyngitis (2019 edition). Chin J Pediatr. 2019;57:177–80 (in Chinese). Infection group of pediatric branch of Chinese Medical Association, National Center for Medical Quality Control of Infectious Diseases. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of herpetic pharyngitis (2019 edition). Chin J Pediatr. 2019;57:177–80 (in Chinese).
26.
go back to reference Shen KL, Shang YX, Zhang H. A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical study on the efficacy and safety of recombinant human interferon 2b spray (pseudomonas) in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children. Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr. 2019;34:1010–6 (in Chinese). Shen KL, Shang YX, Zhang H. A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical study on the efficacy and safety of recombinant human interferon 2b spray (pseudomonas) in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children. Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr. 2019;34:1010–6 (in Chinese).
27.
go back to reference Gao H, Zhang LL, Wei Q, Duan ZJ, Tu XM, Yu ZA, et al. Preventive and therapeutic effects of recombinant IFN -α2b nasal spray on SARS-CoV infection in Macaca mulata. Chin J Exp Clin Virol. 2005;19:207–11 (in Chinese). Gao H, Zhang LL, Wei Q, Duan ZJ, Tu XM, Yu ZA, et al. Preventive and therapeutic effects of recombinant IFN -α2b nasal spray on SARS-CoV infection in Macaca mulata. Chin J Exp Clin Virol. 2005;19:207–11 (in Chinese).
28.
go back to reference Yu DX, Chen Q, Zhang LL, Liu Y, Yu ZA, Li ZF, et al. A field trial of recombinant human interferon α-2b for nasal spray to prevent SARS and other respiratory viral infections. Chin J Exp Clin Virol. 2005;19:216–9 (in Chinese). Yu DX, Chen Q, Zhang LL, Liu Y, Yu ZA, Li ZF, et al. A field trial of recombinant human interferon α-2b for nasal spray to prevent SARS and other respiratory viral infections. Chin J Exp Clin Virol. 2005;19:216–9 (in Chinese).
31.
go back to reference Ji XG, Zhao YH, Zhang M, Zhao JH, Wang JY, et al. The Experimental Study of the Anti-SARS-CoV Effect of Arbidole. Pharm J Chin PLA. 2004;20:274–6 (in Chinese). Ji XG, Zhao YH, Zhang M, Zhao JH, Wang JY, et al. The Experimental Study of the Anti-SARS-CoV Effect of Arbidole. Pharm J Chin PLA. 2004;20:274–6 (in Chinese).
Metadata
Title
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts’ consensus statement
Authors
Kunling Shen
Yonghong Yang
Tianyou Wang
Dongchi Zhao
Yi Jiang
Runming Jin
Yuejie Zheng
Baoping Xu
Zhengde Xie
Likai Lin
Yunxiao Shang
Xiaoxia Lu
Sainan Shu
Yan Bai
Jikui Deng
Min Lu
Leping Ye
Xuefeng Wang
Yongyan Wang
Liwei Gao
China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
Group of Respirology, Chinese Pediatric Society, Chinese Medical Association
Chinese Medical Doctor Association Committee on Respirology Pediatrics
China Medicine Education Association Committee on Pediatrics
Chinese Research Hospital Association Committee on Pediatrics
Chinese Non-government Medical Institutions Association Committee on Pediatrics
China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Committee on Children’s Health and Medicine Research
China News of Drug Information Association, Committee on Children’s Safety Medication
Global Pediatric Pulmonology Alliance
Publication date
01-06-2020
Publisher
Springer Singapore
Published in
World Journal of Pediatrics / Issue 3/2020
Print ISSN: 1708-8569
Electronic ISSN: 1867-0687
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7

Other articles of this Issue 3/2020

World Journal of Pediatrics 3/2020 Go to the issue