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01-06-2008 | Case Report

Herpes simplex encephalitis and subsequent cytomegalovirus encephalitis after chemoradiotherapy for central nervous system lymphoma: a case report and literature review

Authors: Hiroshi I. Suzuki, Akira Hangaishi, Noriko Hosoya, Takuro Watanabe, Yoshinobu Kanda, Toru Motokura, Shigeru Chiba, Mineo Kurokawa

Published in: International Journal of Hematology | Issue 5/2008

Abstract

Neurological complications during the treatment of hematological malignancies have a wide range of causes. Treatment-related leukoencephalopathy has been recognized as a major complication of combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy for central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, and can complicate the diagnosis of CNS infection. Herein, we present a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who developed herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) and subsequent cytomegalovirus encephalitis after chemoradiotherapy for CNS relapse. Although cerebrospinal fluid examination (CSF) showed no significant pleocytosis, brain magnetic resonance imaging and polymerase chain reaction analysis of the CSF were useful in the diagnosis. With a review of the literature on the association between HSE and radiotherapy for CNS malignancies, our case suggests that an awareness of viral encephalitis is important in the differential diagnosis of acute neurologic disturbance during chemoradiotherapy for CNS lymphoma.

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Title: Herpes simplex encephalitis and subsequent cytomegalovirus encephalitis after chemoradiotherapy for central nervous system lymphoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Hiroshi I. Suzuki
Akira Hangaishi
Noriko Hosoya
Takuro Watanabe
Yoshinobu Kanda
Toru Motokura
Shigeru Chiba
Mineo Kurokawa
Publication date: 01-06-2008
Publisher: Springer Japan
Published in: International Journal of Hematology / Issue 5/2008
Print ISSN: 0925-5710
Electronic ISSN: 1865-3774
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-008-0083-6

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