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Open Access 01-03-2014 | Review Paper

The Role of Reticulons in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Authors: Valerio Chiurchiù, Mauro Maccarrone, Antonio Orlacchio

Published in: NeuroMolecular Medicine | Issue 1/2014

Abstract

Reticulons (RTNs) are a group of membrane-associated proteins mainly responsible for shaping the tubular endoplasmic reticulum network, membrane trafficking, inhibition of axonal growth, and apoptosis. These proteins share a common sequence feature, the reticulon homology domain, which consists of paired hydrophobic stretches that are believed to induce membrane curvature by acting as a wedge in bilayer membranes. RTNs are ubiquitously expressed in all tissues, but each RTN member exhibits a unique expression pattern that prefers certain tissues or even cell types. Recently, accumulated evidence has suggested additional and unexpected roles for RTNs, including those on DNA binding, autophagy, and several inflammatory-related functions. These manifold actions of RTNs account for their ever-growing recognition of their involvement in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, as well as hereditary spastic paraplegia. This review summarizes the latest discoveries on RTNs in human pathophysiology, and the engagement of these in neurodegeneration, along with the implications of these findings for a better understanding of the molecular events triggered by RTNs and their potential exploitation as next-generation therapeutics.

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Title: The Role of Reticulons in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Valerio Chiurchiù
Mauro Maccarrone
Antonio Orlacchio
Publication date: 01-03-2014
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: NeuroMolecular Medicine / Issue 1/2014
Print ISSN: 1535-1084
Electronic ISSN: 1559-1174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-013-8271-9

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The Role of Reticulons in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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