Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Current Rheumatology Reports 6/2012

01-12-2012 | COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (SL KOLASINSKI, SECTION EDITOR)

Role of Tai Chi in the Treatment of Rheumatologic Diseases

Author: Chenchen Wang

Published in: Current Rheumatology Reports | Issue 6/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

Rheumatologic diseases (e.g., fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis) consist of a complex interplay between biologic and psychological aspects, resulting in therapeutically challenging chronic conditions to control. Encouraging evidence suggests that Tai Chi, a multi-component Chinese mind–body exercise, has multiple benefits for patients with a variety of chronic disorders, particularly those with musculoskeletal conditions. Thus, Tai Chi may modulate complex factors and improve health outcomes in patients with chronic rheumatologic conditions. As a form of physical exercise, Tai Chi enhances cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength, balance, and physical function. It also appears to be associated with reduced stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as improved quality of life. Thus, Tai Chi can be safely recommended to patients with fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis as a complementary and alternative medical approach to improve patient well-being. This review highlights the current body of knowledge about the role of this ancient Chinese mind–body medicine as an effective treatment of rheumatologic diseases to better inform clinical decision-making for our patients.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Barnes PM, Bloom B, Nahin RL. Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults and children: United States. Natl Health Stat Report. 2007;2009:1–23. Barnes PM, Bloom B, Nahin RL. Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults and children: United States. Natl Health Stat Report. 2007;2009:1–23.
2.
go back to reference Birdee GS, Wayne PM, Davis RB, et al. T'ai chi and qigong for health: patterns of use in the United States. J Altern Complement Med. 2009;15:969–73.PubMedCrossRef Birdee GS, Wayne PM, Davis RB, et al. T'ai chi and qigong for health: patterns of use in the United States. J Altern Complement Med. 2009;15:969–73.PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Yan JH, Downing J. Tai Chi. J Aging Phys Activity. 1998;6:350–62. Yan JH, Downing J. Tai Chi. J Aging Phys Activity. 1998;6:350–62.
4.
go back to reference Wang C, Collet JP, Lau J. The effect of Tai Chi on health outcomes in patients with chronic conditions: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:493–501.PubMedCrossRef Wang C, Collet JP, Lau J. The effect of Tai Chi on health outcomes in patients with chronic conditions: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:493–501.PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference • Wang C, Raveendhara B, Ramel J, et al. Tai Chi on psychological well-being: systemic review and meta-analysis. BMC Complementary and Alternative 2010;23: 1186–1472. This comprehensive review and meta-analysis summarizes and updates results of the effects of Tai Chi exercise on health outcomes in terms of psychological effects in various populations. • Wang C, Raveendhara B, Ramel J, et al. Tai Chi on psychological well-being: systemic review and meta-analysis. BMC Complementary and Alternative 2010;23: 11861472. This comprehensive review and meta-analysis summarizes and updates results of the effects of Tai Chi exercise on health outcomes in terms of psychological effects in various populations.
6.
go back to reference •• Wang C, Schmid C, Rones R, et al. Tai Chi is effective in treating fibromyalgia: a randomized controlled trial. N Engl J Med. 2010;363: 743–54. This is the first randomized, controlled trial that shows that tai chi is potentially a useful therapy for patients with fibromyalgia. •• Wang C, Schmid C, Rones R, et al. Tai Chi is effective in treating fibromyalgia: a randomized controlled trial. N Engl J Med. 2010;363: 743–54. This is the first randomized, controlled trial that shows that tai chi is potentially a useful therapy for patients with fibromyalgia.
7.
go back to reference Wang C, Schmid CH, Hibberd PL, et al. Tai Chi is effective in treating knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;61:1545–53.PubMedCrossRef Wang C, Schmid CH, Hibberd PL, et al. Tai Chi is effective in treating knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;61:1545–53.PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Wang C. Tai Chi improves pain and functional status in adults with rheumatoid arthritis: results of a pilot single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Med Sport Sci. 2008;52:218–29.PubMedCrossRef Wang C. Tai Chi improves pain and functional status in adults with rheumatoid arthritis: results of a pilot single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Med Sport Sci. 2008;52:218–29.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference •• Jones KD, Sherman CA, Mist SD. A randomized controlled trials of 8-form Tai Chi improves symptoms and functional mobility in fibromyalgia patients. Clin Rheumatol 2012;31:1205–1214. A large parallel-group, randomized controlled trial confirmed previous beneficial results of tai Chi for fibromyalgia while focusing on functional mobility. •• Jones KD, Sherman CA, Mist SD. A randomized controlled trials of 8-form Tai Chi improves symptoms and functional mobility in fibromyalgia patients. Clin Rheumatol 2012;31:1205–1214. A large parallel-group, randomized controlled trial confirmed previous beneficial results of tai Chi for fibromyalgia while focusing on functional mobility.
10.
11.
go back to reference Rejeski WJ, Miller ME, Foy C, et al. Self-efficacy and the progression of functional limitations and self-reported disability in older adults with knee pain. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2001;56:S261–265.PubMedCrossRef Rejeski WJ, Miller ME, Foy C, et al. Self-efficacy and the progression of functional limitations and self-reported disability in older adults with knee pain. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2001;56:S261–265.PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Axford J, Heron C, Ross F, et al. Management of knee osteoarthritis in primary care: pain and depression are the major obstacles. J Psychosom Res. 2008;64:461–7.PubMedCrossRef Axford J, Heron C, Ross F, et al. Management of knee osteoarthritis in primary care: pain and depression are the major obstacles. J Psychosom Res. 2008;64:461–7.PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Fransen M, Nairn L, Winstanley J, et al. Physical activity for osteoarthritis management: a randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating hydrotherapy or Tai Chi classes. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:407–14.PubMedCrossRef Fransen M, Nairn L, Winstanley J, et al. Physical activity for osteoarthritis management: a randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating hydrotherapy or Tai Chi classes. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:407–14.PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Brismee JM, Paige RL, Chyu MC, et al. Group and home-based tai chi in elderly subjects with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2007;21:99–111.PubMedCrossRef Brismee JM, Paige RL, Chyu MC, et al. Group and home-based tai chi in elderly subjects with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2007;21:99–111.PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Song R, Roberts BL, Lee EO, et al. A randomized study of the effects of t'ai chi on muscle strength, bone mineral density, and fear of falling in women with osteoarthritis. J Altern Complement Med. 2010;16:227–33.PubMedCrossRef Song R, Roberts BL, Lee EO, et al. A randomized study of the effects of t'ai chi on muscle strength, bone mineral density, and fear of falling in women with osteoarthritis. J Altern Complement Med. 2010;16:227–33.PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Low S, Ang LW, Goh KS, et al. A systematic review of the effectiveness of Tai Chi on fall reduction among the elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2009;48:325–31.PubMedCrossRef Low S, Ang LW, Goh KS, et al. A systematic review of the effectiveness of Tai Chi on fall reduction among the elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2009;48:325–31.PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference •• Li, FZ, Harmer, P, Fitzgerald, K et al. Tai Chi and Postural Stabilityin Patients with Parkinson's Disease. N Engl J Med 2012;366:511–519. The results of this first randomized clinical trial show that a program of twice-weekly tai chi for 24 weeks is more effective than low-intensity, low-impact exercise programs in alleviating the symptoms of Parkinson's disease and improving functional ability. •• Li, FZ, Harmer, P, Fitzgerald, K et al. Tai Chi and Postural Stabilityin Patients with Parkinson's Disease. N Engl J Med 2012;366:511519. The results of this first randomized clinical trial show that a program of twice-weekly tai chi for 24 weeks is more effective than low-intensity, low-impact exercise programs in alleviating the symptoms of Parkinson's disease and improving functional ability.
18.
go back to reference Bannuru RR, Samuel A, Wang C. How effective is Tai Chi mind-body therapy for knee osteoarthritis? A systematic review and meta-Analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2012;20:S281.CrossRef Bannuru RR, Samuel A, Wang C. How effective is Tai Chi mind-body therapy for knee osteoarthritis? A systematic review and meta-Analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2012;20:S281.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Abariga SA, Wang C. Tai Chi and Health Related Quality of Life in patients with Chronic Conditions: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International Research Congress on Integrative Medicine and Health. 2012;P04.29. Abariga SA, Wang C. Tai Chi and Health Related Quality of Life in patients with Chronic Conditions: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International Research Congress on Integrative Medicine and Health. 2012;P04.29.
21.
go back to reference Symmons DP, Jones MA, Scott DL, et al. Longterm mortality outcome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: early presenters continue to do well. J Rheumatol. 1998;25:1072–7.PubMed Symmons DP, Jones MA, Scott DL, et al. Longterm mortality outcome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: early presenters continue to do well. J Rheumatol. 1998;25:1072–7.PubMed
22.
go back to reference Michel BA, Bloch DA, Fries JF. Predictors of fractures in early rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 1991;18:804–8.PubMed Michel BA, Bloch DA, Fries JF. Predictors of fractures in early rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 1991;18:804–8.PubMed
23.
go back to reference Keefe FJ, Somers TJ, Martire LM. Psychologic interventions and lifestyle modifications for arthritis pain management. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2008;34:351–68.PubMedCrossRef Keefe FJ, Somers TJ, Martire LM. Psychologic interventions and lifestyle modifications for arthritis pain management. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2008;34:351–68.PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Lee EO. Effects of a Tai-Chi program on pain, sleep disturbance, mood and fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Journal of muscle and joint health. 2005;12:57–68. Lee EO. Effects of a Tai-Chi program on pain, sleep disturbance, mood and fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Journal of muscle and joint health. 2005;12:57–68.
25.
go back to reference Lee KY, Jeong OY. The effect of Tai Chi movement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2006;36:278–85.PubMed Lee KY, Jeong OY. The effect of Tai Chi movement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2006;36:278–85.PubMed
26.
go back to reference Uhlig T, Larsson C, Hjorth AG, et al. No improvement in a pilot study of tai chi exercise in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64:507–9.PubMedCrossRef Uhlig T, Larsson C, Hjorth AG, et al. No improvement in a pilot study of tai chi exercise in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64:507–9.PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Uhlig T, Fongen C, Steen E, et al. Exploring Tai Chi in rheumatoid arthritis: a quantitative and qualitative study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11:43.PubMedCrossRef Uhlig T, Fongen C, Steen E, et al. Exploring Tai Chi in rheumatoid arthritis: a quantitative and qualitative study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11:43.PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Kirsteins AE, Dietz F, Hwang SM. Evaluating the safety and potential use of a weight-bearing exercise, Tai-Chi Chuan, for rheumatoid arthritis patients. American Journal of Physical Medical Rehabilitation. 1991;70:136–41.CrossRef Kirsteins AE, Dietz F, Hwang SM. Evaluating the safety and potential use of a weight-bearing exercise, Tai-Chi Chuan, for rheumatoid arthritis patients. American Journal of Physical Medical Rehabilitation. 1991;70:136–41.CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Van Deusen J, Harlowe D. The efficacy of the ROM dance program for adults with rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Occup Ther. 1987;41:90–5.PubMedCrossRef Van Deusen J, Harlowe D. The efficacy of the ROM dance program for adults with rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Occup Ther. 1987;41:90–5.PubMedCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Jiang JG, Haiqin Q. A controlled study of San Pi Tang deconction with exercise in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Integrated Chinese Traditional Medicine with Western Medicine. 1999;19:588. Jiang JG, Haiqin Q. A controlled study of San Pi Tang deconction with exercise in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Integrated Chinese Traditional Medicine with Western Medicine. 1999;19:588.
31.
go back to reference Han A, Robinson V, Judd M, et al. Tai chi for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004:CD004849, Han A, Robinson V, Judd M, et al. Tai chi for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004:CD004849,
32.
go back to reference Yeh GY, Wang C, Wayne PM, et al. The effect of tai chi exercise on blood pressure: a systematic review. Prev Cardiol. 2008;11:82–9.PubMedCrossRef Yeh GY, Wang C, Wayne PM, et al. The effect of tai chi exercise on blood pressure: a systematic review. Prev Cardiol. 2008;11:82–9.PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference •• Yeh GY, McCarthy EP, Wayne PM, et al. Tai chi exercise in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med. 2011;171:750–757. In this high quality clinical trial, the researchers found that the participants with chronic heart failure in the 12 weeks of tai chi had clinically significant improvements in quality of life, mood, and exercise self-efficacy when compared with the education group. The study confirmed previous results about Tai Chi Exercise Prescription In Chronic Disease. •• Yeh GY, McCarthy EP, Wayne PM, et al. Tai chi exercise in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med. 2011;171:750–757. In this high quality clinical trial, the researchers found that the participants with chronic heart failure in the 12 weeks of tai chi had clinically significant improvements in quality of life, mood, and exercise self-efficacy when compared with the education group. The study confirmed previous results about Tai Chi Exercise Prescription In Chronic Disease.
34.
go back to reference Woo J, Hong A, Lau E, et al. A randomized controlled trial of Tai Chi and resistance exercise on bone health, muscle strength and balance in community-living elderly people. Age Ageing. 2007;36:262–8.PubMedCrossRef Woo J, Hong A, Lau E, et al. A randomized controlled trial of Tai Chi and resistance exercise on bone health, muscle strength and balance in community-living elderly people. Age Ageing. 2007;36:262–8.PubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Shen CL, Williams JS, Chyu MC, et al. Comparison of the effects of Tai Chi and resistance training on bone metabolism in the elderly: a feasibility study. Am J Chin Med. 2007;35:369–81.PubMedCrossRef Shen CL, Williams JS, Chyu MC, et al. Comparison of the effects of Tai Chi and resistance training on bone metabolism in the elderly: a feasibility study. Am J Chin Med. 2007;35:369–81.PubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Chan K, Qin L, Lau M, et al. A randomized, prospective study of the effects of Tai Chi Chun exercise on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85:717–22.PubMedCrossRef Chan K, Qin L, Lau M, et al. A randomized, prospective study of the effects of Tai Chi Chun exercise on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85:717–22.PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Qin L, Au S, Choy W, et al. Regular Tai Chi Chuan exercise may retard bone loss in postmenopausal women: a case–control study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;83:1355–9.PubMedCrossRef Qin L, Au S, Choy W, et al. Regular Tai Chi Chuan exercise may retard bone loss in postmenopausal women: a case–control study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;83:1355–9.PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Qin L, Choy W, Leung K, et al. Beneficial effects of regular Tai Chi exercise on musculoskeletal system. J Bone Miner Metab. 2005;23:186–90.PubMedCrossRef Qin L, Choy W, Leung K, et al. Beneficial effects of regular Tai Chi exercise on musculoskeletal system. J Bone Miner Metab. 2005;23:186–90.PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference • Wayne PM, Kiel DP, Buring JE, et al. Impact of Tai Chi exercise on multiple fracture-related risk factors in post-menopausal osteopenic women: a pilot pragmatic, randomized trial. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012;12:7. In a pragmatic randomized trial, the authors observed a clinically relevant trend of Tai Chi training attenuating bone loss and improving quality of life in postmenopausal osteopenic women. The results contribute to a growing literature evaluating Tai Chi for bone health and fall-related fracture risk. • Wayne PM, Kiel DP, Buring JE, et al. Impact of Tai Chi exercise on multiple fracture-related risk factors in post-menopausal osteopenic women: a pilot pragmatic, randomized trial. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012;12:7. In a pragmatic randomized trial, the authors observed a clinically relevant trend of Tai Chi training attenuating bone loss and improving quality of life in postmenopausal osteopenic women. The results contribute to a growing literature evaluating Tai Chi for bone health and fall-related fracture risk.
Metadata
Title
Role of Tai Chi in the Treatment of Rheumatologic Diseases
Author
Chenchen Wang
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
Current Science Inc.
Published in
Current Rheumatology Reports / Issue 6/2012
Print ISSN: 1523-3774
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6307
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-012-0294-y

Other articles of this Issue 6/2012

Current Rheumatology Reports 6/2012 Go to the issue

VASCULITIS (LR ESPINOZA, SECTION EDITOR)

Advances in Therapy for ANCA-Associated Vasculitis

VASCULITIS (LR ESPINOZA, SECTION EDITOR)

Is There Evidence for Vasculitis in Systemic Sclerosis?

COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (SL KOLASINSKI, SECTION EDITOR)

Herbal Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases: Promises Kept?

COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (SL KOLASINSKI, SECTION EDITOR)

Intersection of Inflammation and Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis

RHEUMATIC MANIFESTATIONS OF OTHER DISEASES (R STAUD, SECTION EDITOR)

Monotherapy or Combination Therapy for Fibromyalgia Treatment?

Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine