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Current HIV/AIDS Reports

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01-06-2017 | HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (AL Landay and N Utay, Section Editors)

Inflammation, Immune Activation, and Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV

Authors: Corrilynn O. Hileman, Nicholas T. Funderburg

Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Issue 3/2017

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review focuses on the differential effects of contemporary antiretrovirals on systemic inflammation as heightened immune activation is linked to important co-morbidities and mortality with HIV infection.

Recent Findings

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces dramatically systemic inflammation and immune activation, but not to levels synchronous with HIV-uninfected populations. In one ART initiation trial, integrase inhibitors appear to reduce inflammation to a greater degree than non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs); however, it is not clear that there are beneficial effects on inflammation resulting from treatment with integrase inhibitors compared to PIs, between PIs and NNRTIs, between specific nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, or with maraviroc in ART-naïve patients. In ART switch studies, changing to an integrase inhibitor from a PI-, NNRTI-, or enfuvirtide-containing regimen has resulted in improvement in several markers of inflammation.

Summary

Additional research is needed to conclusively state whether there are clear differences in effects of specific antiretrovirals on inflammation and immune activation in HIV.

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Title: Inflammation, Immune Activation, and Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV
Authors: Corrilynn O. Hileman
Nicholas T. Funderburg
Publication date: 01-06-2017
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Issue 3/2017
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Electronic ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-017-0356-x

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