Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports 4/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Myeloproliferative Disorders (C Harrison, Section Editor)

Ruxolitinib: Long-Term Management of Patients with Myelofibrosis and Future Directions in the Treatment of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Authors: A. Yacoub, O. Odenike, S. Verstovsek

Published in: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports | Issue 4/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Considerable clinical experience regarding the long-term efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib has been gathered since the drug was approved in the USA for patients with intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis (MF) in November 2011. Findings from the pivotal phase 3 COMFORT studies showed that ruxolitinib-associated reductions in MF-related splenomegaly and symptom burden occur rapidly and in the majority of patients. Two- and 3-year follow-up data further suggest that the benefits of ruxolitinib are durable and associated with a survival advantage compared with conventional therapies. However, careful management of treatment-related thrombocytopenia and anemia with dose modifications and supportive care is critical to allow chronic therapy. Based on preliminary evidence, ruxolitinib also allows spleen size and symptom reduction before allogeneic stem cell transplantation without negative effect on engraftment or outcomes. In recent studies, ruxolitinib provided effective management of hematologic parameters and symptoms in patients with polycythemia vera refractory to or intolerant of hydroxyurea.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Gregory SA, Mesa RA, Hoffman R, Shammo JM. Clinical and laboratory features of myelofibrosis and limitations of current therapies. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2011;9(9 Suppl 22):1–16.PubMed Gregory SA, Mesa RA, Hoffman R, Shammo JM. Clinical and laboratory features of myelofibrosis and limitations of current therapies. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2011;9(9 Suppl 22):1–16.PubMed
3.
go back to reference Mesa RA, Green A, Barosi G, Verstovsek S, Vardiman J, Gale RP. MPN-associated myelofibrosis (MPN-MF). Leuk Res. 2011;35(1):12–3.PubMedCrossRef Mesa RA, Green A, Barosi G, Verstovsek S, Vardiman J, Gale RP. MPN-associated myelofibrosis (MPN-MF). Leuk Res. 2011;35(1):12–3.PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Vardiman JW, Thiele J, Arber DA, Brunning RD, Borowitz MJ, Porwit A, et al. The 2008 revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia: rationale and important changes. Blood. 2009;114(5):937–51.PubMedCrossRef Vardiman JW, Thiele J, Arber DA, Brunning RD, Borowitz MJ, Porwit A, et al. The 2008 revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia: rationale and important changes. Blood. 2009;114(5):937–51.PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Barosi G, Mesa RA, Thiele J, Cervantes F, Campbell PJ, Verstovsek S, et al. Proposed criteria for the diagnosis of post-polycythemia vera and post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis: a consensus statement from the International Working Group for Myelofibrosis Research and Treatment. Leukemia. 2008;22(2):437–8.PubMedCrossRef Barosi G, Mesa RA, Thiele J, Cervantes F, Campbell PJ, Verstovsek S, et al. Proposed criteria for the diagnosis of post-polycythemia vera and post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis: a consensus statement from the International Working Group for Myelofibrosis Research and Treatment. Leukemia. 2008;22(2):437–8.PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Cervantes F, Dupriez B, Pereira A, Passamonti F, Reilly JT, Morra E, et al. New prognostic scoring system for primary myelofibrosis based on a study of the International Working Group for Myelofibrosis Research and Treatment. Blood. 2009;113(13):2895–901.PubMedCrossRef Cervantes F, Dupriez B, Pereira A, Passamonti F, Reilly JT, Morra E, et al. New prognostic scoring system for primary myelofibrosis based on a study of the International Working Group for Myelofibrosis Research and Treatment. Blood. 2009;113(13):2895–901.PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Tefferi A, Lasho TL, Jimma T, Finke CM, Gangat N, Vaidya R, et al. One thousand patients with primary myelofibrosis: the Mayo Clinic experience. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012;87(1):25–33.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Tefferi A, Lasho TL, Jimma T, Finke CM, Gangat N, Vaidya R, et al. One thousand patients with primary myelofibrosis: the Mayo Clinic experience. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012;87(1):25–33.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Mehta J, Wang H, Iqbal SU, Mesa R. Epidemiology of myeloproliferative neoplasms in the United States. Leuk Lymphoma. 2014;55(3):595–600.PubMedCrossRef Mehta J, Wang H, Iqbal SU, Mesa R. Epidemiology of myeloproliferative neoplasms in the United States. Leuk Lymphoma. 2014;55(3):595–600.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Gangat N, Caramazza D, Vaidya R, George G, Begna K, Schwager S, et al. DIPSS plus: a refined Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System for primary myelofibrosis that incorporates prognostic information from karyotype, platelet count, and transfusion status. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(4):392–7.PubMedCrossRef Gangat N, Caramazza D, Vaidya R, George G, Begna K, Schwager S, et al. DIPSS plus: a refined Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System for primary myelofibrosis that incorporates prognostic information from karyotype, platelet count, and transfusion status. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(4):392–7.PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Passamonti F, Cervantes F, Vannucchi AM, Morra E, Rumi E, Pereira A, et al. A dynamic prognostic model to predict survival in primary myelofibrosis: a study by the IWG-MRT (International Working Group for Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Research and Treatment). Blood. 2010;115(9):1703–8.PubMedCrossRef Passamonti F, Cervantes F, Vannucchi AM, Morra E, Rumi E, Pereira A, et al. A dynamic prognostic model to predict survival in primary myelofibrosis: a study by the IWG-MRT (International Working Group for Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Research and Treatment). Blood. 2010;115(9):1703–8.PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Mesa RA, Niblack J, Wadleigh M, Verstovsek S, Camoriano J, Barnes S, et al. The burden of fatigue and quality of life in myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs): an international Internet-based survey of 1179 MPD patients. Cancer. 2007;109(1):68–76.PubMedCrossRef Mesa RA, Niblack J, Wadleigh M, Verstovsek S, Camoriano J, Barnes S, et al. The burden of fatigue and quality of life in myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs): an international Internet-based survey of 1179 MPD patients. Cancer. 2007;109(1):68–76.PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Mesa RA, Shields A, Hare T, Erickson-Viitanen S, Sun W, Sarlis NJ, et al. Progressive burden of myelofibrosis in untreated patients: assessment of patient-reported outcomes in patients randomized to placebo in the COMFORT-I study. Leuk Res. 2013;37(8):911–6.PubMedCrossRef Mesa RA, Shields A, Hare T, Erickson-Viitanen S, Sun W, Sarlis NJ, et al. Progressive burden of myelofibrosis in untreated patients: assessment of patient-reported outcomes in patients randomized to placebo in the COMFORT-I study. Leuk Res. 2013;37(8):911–6.PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Cross NC. Genetic and epigenetic complexity in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2011;2011:208–14.CrossRef Cross NC. Genetic and epigenetic complexity in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2011;2011:208–14.CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Klampfl T, Gisslinger H, Harutyunyan AS, Nivarthi H, Rumi E, Milosevic JD, et al. Somatic mutations of calreticulin in myeloproliferative neoplasms. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(25):2379–90.PubMedCrossRef Klampfl T, Gisslinger H, Harutyunyan AS, Nivarthi H, Rumi E, Milosevic JD, et al. Somatic mutations of calreticulin in myeloproliferative neoplasms. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(25):2379–90.PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Nangalia J, Massie CE, Baxter EJ, Nice FL, Gundem G, Wedge DC, et al. Somatic CALR mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms with nonmutated JAK2. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(25):2391–405.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Nangalia J, Massie CE, Baxter EJ, Nice FL, Gundem G, Wedge DC, et al. Somatic CALR mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms with nonmutated JAK2. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(25):2391–405.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Oh ST, Simonds EF, Jones C, Hale MB, Goltsev Y, Gibbs Jr KD, et al. Novel mutations in the inhibitory adaptor protein LNK drive JAK-STAT signaling in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Blood. 2010;116(6):988–92.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Oh ST, Simonds EF, Jones C, Hale MB, Goltsev Y, Gibbs Jr KD, et al. Novel mutations in the inhibitory adaptor protein LNK drive JAK-STAT signaling in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Blood. 2010;116(6):988–92.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Tefferi A, Guglielmelli P, Lasho TL, Rotunno G, Finke C, Mannarelli C, et al. CALR and ASXL1 mutations-based molecular prognostication in primary myelofibrosis: an international study of 570 patients. Leukemia. 2014;28(7):1494–500. Tefferi A, Guglielmelli P, Lasho TL, Rotunno G, Finke C, Mannarelli C, et al. CALR and ASXL1 mutations-based molecular prognostication in primary myelofibrosis: an international study of 570 patients. Leukemia. 2014;28(7):1494–500.
18.
go back to reference Vannucchi AM, Lasho TL, Guglielmelli P, Biamonte F, Pardanani A, Pereira A, et al. Mutations and prognosis in primary myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2013;27(9):1861–9.PubMedCrossRef Vannucchi AM, Lasho TL, Guglielmelli P, Biamonte F, Pardanani A, Pereira A, et al. Mutations and prognosis in primary myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2013;27(9):1861–9.PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Lundberg P, Karow A, Nienhold R, Looser R, Hao-Shen H, Nissen I, et al. Clonal evolution and clinical correlates of somatic mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Blood. 2014;123(14):2220–8.PubMedCrossRef Lundberg P, Karow A, Nienhold R, Looser R, Hao-Shen H, Nissen I, et al. Clonal evolution and clinical correlates of somatic mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Blood. 2014;123(14):2220–8.PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Guglielmelli P, Lasho TL, Rotunno G, Score J, Mannarelli C, Pancrazzi A, et al. The number of prognostically detrimental mutations and prognosis in primary myelofibrosis: an international study of 797 patients. Leukemia. 2014. doi:10.1038/leu.2014.76. Guglielmelli P, Lasho TL, Rotunno G, Score J, Mannarelli C, Pancrazzi A, et al. The number of prognostically detrimental mutations and prognosis in primary myelofibrosis: an international study of 797 patients. Leukemia. 2014. doi:10.​1038/​leu.​2014.​76.
21.•
go back to reference Rampal R, Al-Shahrour F, Abdel-Wahab O, Patel J, Brunel JP, Mermel CH, et al. Integrated genomic analysis illustrates the central role of JAK-STAT pathway activation in myeloproliferative neoplasm pathogenesis. Blood. 2014;123(22):e123–33. The results of this study explain the previously observed clinical efficacy of JAK inhibitors in patients with MF who do not carry a JAK2 mutation and provide a strong rationale for the use of JAK inhibitor therapy in these patients.PubMedCrossRef Rampal R, Al-Shahrour F, Abdel-Wahab O, Patel J, Brunel JP, Mermel CH, et al. Integrated genomic analysis illustrates the central role of JAK-STAT pathway activation in myeloproliferative neoplasm pathogenesis. Blood. 2014;123(22):e123–33. The results of this study explain the previously observed clinical efficacy of JAK inhibitors in patients with MF who do not carry a JAK2 mutation and provide a strong rationale for the use of JAK inhibitor therapy in these patients.PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Passamonti F, Caramazza D, Maffioli M. JAK inhibitor in CALR-mutant myelofibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(12):1168–9.PubMedCrossRef Passamonti F, Caramazza D, Maffioli M. JAK inhibitor in CALR-mutant myelofibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(12):1168–9.PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Verstovsek S, Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Levy RS, Gupta V, DiPersio JF, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ruxolitinib for myelofibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(9):799–807.PubMedCrossRef Verstovsek S, Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Levy RS, Gupta V, DiPersio JF, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ruxolitinib for myelofibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(9):799–807.PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Harrison C, Kiladjian JJ, Al-Ali HK, Gisslinger H, Waltzman R, Stalbovskaya V, et al. JAK inhibition with ruxolitinib versus best available therapy for myelofibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(9):787–98.PubMedCrossRef Harrison C, Kiladjian JJ, Al-Ali HK, Gisslinger H, Waltzman R, Stalbovskaya V, et al. JAK inhibition with ruxolitinib versus best available therapy for myelofibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(9):787–98.PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Harrison CN, Clark RE, Chacko J, Knapper S, Yin J, Milojkovic D, et al. Response to ruxolitinib in patients with intermediate-1, intermediate-2 and high-risk myelofibrosis: interim results of the UK Robust trial [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):2826. Harrison CN, Clark RE, Chacko J, Knapper S, Yin J, Milojkovic D, et al. Response to ruxolitinib in patients with intermediate-1, intermediate-2 and high-risk myelofibrosis: interim results of the UK Robust trial [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):2826.
26.
go back to reference Talpaz M, Paquette R, Afrin L, Hamburg SI, Prchal JT, Jamieson K, et al. Interim analysis of safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis and low platelet counts. J Hematol Oncol. 2013;6(1):81.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Talpaz M, Paquette R, Afrin L, Hamburg SI, Prchal JT, Jamieson K, et al. Interim analysis of safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis and low platelet counts. J Hematol Oncol. 2013;6(1):81.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Verstovsek S, Passamonti F, Rambaldi A, Barosi G, Rosen PJ, Rumi E, et al. A phase 2 study of ruxolitinib, an oral JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, in patients with advanced polycythemia vera who are refractory or intolerant to hydroxyurea. Cancer. 2013;120(4):513–20.CrossRef Verstovsek S, Passamonti F, Rambaldi A, Barosi G, Rosen PJ, Rumi E, et al. A phase 2 study of ruxolitinib, an oral JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, in patients with advanced polycythemia vera who are refractory or intolerant to hydroxyurea. Cancer. 2013;120(4):513–20.CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Verstovsek S, Kiladjian J-J, Griesshammer M, Masszi T, Durrant STS, Passamonti F, et al. Results of a prospective, randomized, open-label phase 3 study of ruxolitinib (RUX) in polycythemia vera (PV) patients resistant to or intolerant of hydroxyurea (HU): the RESPONSE trial [abstract 7026]. Presented at: 50th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology; 30 May–3 June, 2014; Chicago, IL. Verstovsek S, Kiladjian J-J, Griesshammer M, Masszi T, Durrant STS, Passamonti F, et al. Results of a prospective, randomized, open-label phase 3 study of ruxolitinib (RUX) in polycythemia vera (PV) patients resistant to or intolerant of hydroxyurea (HU): the RESPONSE trial [abstract 7026]. Presented at: 50th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology; 30 May–3 June, 2014; Chicago, IL.
29.••
go back to reference Cervantes F, Vannucchi AM, Kiladjian JJ, Al-Ali HK, Sirulnik A, Stalbovskaya V, et al. Three-year efficacy, safety, and survival findings from COMFORT-II, a phase 3 study comparing ruxolitinib with best available therapy for myelofibrosis. Blood. 2013;122(25):4047–53. The 3-year follow-up data from the COMFORT-II trial demonstrate the superior efficacy and long-term safety of ruxolitinib compared with traditional therapies and confirm that these benefits are associated with a survival advantage. Cervantes F, Vannucchi AM, Kiladjian JJ, Al-Ali HK, Sirulnik A, Stalbovskaya V, et al. Three-year efficacy, safety, and survival findings from COMFORT-II, a phase 3 study comparing ruxolitinib with best available therapy for myelofibrosis. Blood. 2013;122(25):4047–53. The 3-year follow-up data from the COMFORT-II trial demonstrate the superior efficacy and long-term safety of ruxolitinib compared with traditional therapies and confirm that these benefits are associated with a survival advantage.
30.
go back to reference Verstovsek S, Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Levy RS, Gupta V, DiPersio JF, et al. The clinical benefit of ruxolitinib across patient subgroups: analysis of a placebo-controlled, phase III study in patients with myelofibrosis. Br J Haematol. 2013;161(4):508–16.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Verstovsek S, Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Levy RS, Gupta V, DiPersio JF, et al. The clinical benefit of ruxolitinib across patient subgroups: analysis of a placebo-controlled, phase III study in patients with myelofibrosis. Br J Haematol. 2013;161(4):508–16.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Gupta V, Catalano JV, Deininger MW, Shields AL, et al. Effect of ruxolitinib therapy on myelofibrosis-related symptoms and other patient-reported outcomes in COMFORT-I: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(10):1285–92.PubMedCrossRef Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Gupta V, Catalano JV, Deininger MW, Shields AL, et al. Effect of ruxolitinib therapy on myelofibrosis-related symptoms and other patient-reported outcomes in COMFORT-I: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(10):1285–92.PubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Harrison CN, Mesa RA, Kiladjian JJ, Al-Ali HK, Gisslinger H, Knoops L, et al. Health-related quality of life and symptoms in patients with myelofibrosis treated with ruxolitinib versus best available therapy. Br J Haematol. 2013;162(2):229–39.PubMedCrossRef Harrison CN, Mesa RA, Kiladjian JJ, Al-Ali HK, Gisslinger H, Knoops L, et al. Health-related quality of life and symptoms in patients with myelofibrosis treated with ruxolitinib versus best available therapy. Br J Haematol. 2013;162(2):229–39.PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Verstovsek S, Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Levy RS, Gupta V, DiPersio JF, et al. Efficacy, safety and survival with ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis: results of a median 2-year follow-up of COMFORT-I. Haematologica. 2013;98(12):1865–71.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Verstovsek S, Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Levy RS, Gupta V, DiPersio JF, et al. Efficacy, safety and survival with ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis: results of a median 2-year follow-up of COMFORT-I. Haematologica. 2013;98(12):1865–71.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Verstovsek S, Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Levy RS, Gupta V, Dipersio JF, et al. Long-term outcomes of ruxolitinib therapy in patients with myelofibrosis: 3-year update from COMFORT-I [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):396. Verstovsek S, Mesa RA, Gotlib J, Levy RS, Gupta V, Dipersio JF, et al. Long-term outcomes of ruxolitinib therapy in patients with myelofibrosis: 3-year update from COMFORT-I [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):396.
35.
go back to reference Andreoli A, Verger E, Robin M, Raffoux E, Zini J-M, Rousselot P, et al. Clinical resistance to ruxolitinib is more frequent in patients without MPN-associated mutations and is rarely due to mutations in the JAK2 kinase drug-binding domain [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):1591. Andreoli A, Verger E, Robin M, Raffoux E, Zini J-M, Rousselot P, et al. Clinical resistance to ruxolitinib is more frequent in patients without MPN-associated mutations and is rarely due to mutations in the JAK2 kinase drug-binding domain [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):1591.
36.
go back to reference Gisslinger H, Schalling M, Gisslinger B, Skrabs C, Müllauer L, Kralovics R. Restoration of response to ruxolitinib upon brief withdrawal in two patients with myelofibrosis. Am J Hematol. 2014;89(9):344–6.PubMedCrossRef Gisslinger H, Schalling M, Gisslinger B, Skrabs C, Müllauer L, Kralovics R. Restoration of response to ruxolitinib upon brief withdrawal in two patients with myelofibrosis. Am J Hematol. 2014;89(9):344–6.PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Verstovsek S, Gotlib J, Gupta V, Atallah E, Mascarenhas J, Quintas-Cardama A, et al. Management of cytopenias in patients with myelofibrosis treated with ruxolitinib and effect of dose modifications on efficacy outcomes. Onco Targets Ther. 2013;7:13–21.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Verstovsek S, Gotlib J, Gupta V, Atallah E, Mascarenhas J, Quintas-Cardama A, et al. Management of cytopenias in patients with myelofibrosis treated with ruxolitinib and effect of dose modifications on efficacy outcomes. Onco Targets Ther. 2013;7:13–21.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Mesa RA, Komrokji RS, Sun W, Sandor VA, Verstovsek S. Optimizing dose titration of ruxolitinib: the COMFORT-I experience [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4062. Mesa RA, Komrokji RS, Sun W, Sandor VA, Verstovsek S. Optimizing dose titration of ruxolitinib: the COMFORT-I experience [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4062.
39.
go back to reference Tabarroki A, Lindner D, Visconte V, Rogers HJ, Desamito J, Duong HK, et al. Modified dose escalation of ruxolitinib: a feasible therapeutic approach in the management of myelofibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):1586. Tabarroki A, Lindner D, Visconte V, Rogers HJ, Desamito J, Duong HK, et al. Modified dose escalation of ruxolitinib: a feasible therapeutic approach in the management of myelofibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):1586.
40.
go back to reference Mesa RA, Cortes J. Optimizing management of ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis: the need for individualized dosing. J Hematol Oncol. 2013;6:79.PubMedCrossRef Mesa RA, Cortes J. Optimizing management of ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis: the need for individualized dosing. J Hematol Oncol. 2013;6:79.PubMedCrossRef
41.
go back to reference Wathes R, Moule S, Milojkovic D. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with ruxolitinib. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(2):197–8.PubMedCrossRef Wathes R, Moule S, Milojkovic D. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with ruxolitinib. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(2):197–8.PubMedCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Caocci G, Murgia F, Podda L, Solinas A, Atzeni S, La Nasa G. Reactivation of hepatitis B virus infection following ruxolitinib treatment in a patient with myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2014;28(1):225–7.PubMedCrossRef Caocci G, Murgia F, Podda L, Solinas A, Atzeni S, La Nasa G. Reactivation of hepatitis B virus infection following ruxolitinib treatment in a patient with myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2014;28(1):225–7.PubMedCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Wysham NG, Sullivan DR, Allada G. An opportunistic infection associated with ruxolitinib, a novel janus kinase 1,2 inhibitor. Chest. 2013;143(5):1478–9.PubMedCrossRef Wysham NG, Sullivan DR, Allada G. An opportunistic infection associated with ruxolitinib, a novel janus kinase 1,2 inhibitor. Chest. 2013;143(5):1478–9.PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Hopman RK, Lawrence SJ, Oh ST. Disseminated tuberculosis associated with ruxolitinib. Leukemia. 2014;28(8):1750–1. Hopman RK, Lawrence SJ, Oh ST. Disseminated tuberculosis associated with ruxolitinib. Leukemia. 2014;28(8):1750–1.
45.
go back to reference Tong LX, Jackson J, Kerstetter J, Worswick SD. Reactivation of herpes simplex virus infection in a patient undergoing ruxolitinib treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;70(3):e59–60.PubMedCrossRef Tong LX, Jackson J, Kerstetter J, Worswick SD. Reactivation of herpes simplex virus infection in a patient undergoing ruxolitinib treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;70(3):e59–60.PubMedCrossRef
47.
go back to reference Heine A, Held SA, Daecke SN, Wallner S, Yajnanarayana SP, Kurts C, et al. The JAK-inhibitor ruxolitinib impairs dendritic cell function in vitro and in vivo. Blood. 2013;122(7):1192–202.PubMedCrossRef Heine A, Held SA, Daecke SN, Wallner S, Yajnanarayana SP, Kurts C, et al. The JAK-inhibitor ruxolitinib impairs dendritic cell function in vitro and in vivo. Blood. 2013;122(7):1192–202.PubMedCrossRef
48.
go back to reference Barosi G, Campanelli R, Fois G, Poletto V, Villani L, Bonetti E, et al. Decrease of T regulatory cells in patients with myelofibrosis receiving ruxolitinib [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4057. Barosi G, Campanelli R, Fois G, Poletto V, Villani L, Bonetti E, et al. Decrease of T regulatory cells in patients with myelofibrosis receiving ruxolitinib [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4057.
49.
go back to reference Massa M, Rosti V, Campanelli R, Fois G, Barosi G. Rapid and long-lasting decrease of T-regulatory cells in patients with myelofibrosis treated with ruxolitinib. Leukemia. 2014;28(2):449–51.PubMedCrossRef Massa M, Rosti V, Campanelli R, Fois G, Barosi G. Rapid and long-lasting decrease of T-regulatory cells in patients with myelofibrosis treated with ruxolitinib. Leukemia. 2014;28(2):449–51.PubMedCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Verstovsek S, Tam CS, Wadleigh M, Sokol L, Smith CC, Bui LA, et al. Phase I evaluation of XL019, an oral, potent, and selective JAK2 inhibitor. Leuk Res. 2014;38(3):316–22.PubMedCrossRef Verstovsek S, Tam CS, Wadleigh M, Sokol L, Smith CC, Bui LA, et al. Phase I evaluation of XL019, an oral, potent, and selective JAK2 inhibitor. Leuk Res. 2014;38(3):316–22.PubMedCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Pardanani A, Harrison CN, Cortes JE, Cervantes F, Mesa RA, Milligan D, et al. Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study (JAKARTA) of the JAK2-selective inhibitor fedratinib (SAR302503) in patients with myelofibrosis (MF) [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):393. Pardanani A, Harrison CN, Cortes JE, Cervantes F, Mesa RA, Milligan D, et al. Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study (JAKARTA) of the JAK2-selective inhibitor fedratinib (SAR302503) in patients with myelofibrosis (MF) [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):393.
54.
go back to reference Guglielmelli P, Biamonte F, Rotunno G, Artusi V, Artuso L, Bernardis I, et al. Impact of mutational status on outcomes in myelofibrosis patients treated with ruxolitinib in the COMFORT-II study. Blood. 2014;123(14):2157–60.PubMedCrossRef Guglielmelli P, Biamonte F, Rotunno G, Artusi V, Artuso L, Bernardis I, et al. Impact of mutational status on outcomes in myelofibrosis patients treated with ruxolitinib in the COMFORT-II study. Blood. 2014;123(14):2157–60.PubMedCrossRef
55.
go back to reference Vannucchi AM, Kantarjian H, Kiladjian J-J, Gotlib J, Cervantes F, Mesa RA, et al. A pooled overall survival analysis of the COMFORT studies: 2 randomized phase 3 trials of ruxolitinib for the treatment of myelofibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):2820. Vannucchi AM, Kantarjian H, Kiladjian J-J, Gotlib J, Cervantes F, Mesa RA, et al. A pooled overall survival analysis of the COMFORT studies: 2 randomized phase 3 trials of ruxolitinib for the treatment of myelofibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):2820.
56.
go back to reference Passamonti F, Maffioli M, Cervantes F, Vannucchi AM, Morra E, Barbui T, et al. Impact of ruxolitinib on the natural history of primary myelofibrosis: a comparison of the DIPSS and the COMFORT-2 cohorts. Blood. 2014;123(12):1833–5.PubMedCrossRef Passamonti F, Maffioli M, Cervantes F, Vannucchi AM, Morra E, Barbui T, et al. Impact of ruxolitinib on the natural history of primary myelofibrosis: a comparison of the DIPSS and the COMFORT-2 cohorts. Blood. 2014;123(12):1833–5.PubMedCrossRef
57.
go back to reference Tefferi A, Vaidya R, Caramazza D, Finke C, Lasho T, Pardanani A. Circulating interleukin (IL)-8, IL-2R, IL-12, and IL-15 levels are independently prognostic in primary myelofibrosis: a comprehensive cytokine profiling study. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(10):1356–63.PubMedCrossRef Tefferi A, Vaidya R, Caramazza D, Finke C, Lasho T, Pardanani A. Circulating interleukin (IL)-8, IL-2R, IL-12, and IL-15 levels are independently prognostic in primary myelofibrosis: a comprehensive cytokine profiling study. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(10):1356–63.PubMedCrossRef
58.
go back to reference Gianelli U, Vener C, Bossi A, Cortinovis I, Iurlo A, Fracchiolla NS, et al. The European Consensus on grading of bone marrow fibrosis allows a better prognostication of patients with primary myelofibrosis. Mod Pathol. 2012;25(9):1193–202.PubMedCrossRef Gianelli U, Vener C, Bossi A, Cortinovis I, Iurlo A, Fracchiolla NS, et al. The European Consensus on grading of bone marrow fibrosis allows a better prognostication of patients with primary myelofibrosis. Mod Pathol. 2012;25(9):1193–202.PubMedCrossRef
59.
go back to reference Lekovic D, Gotic M, Perunicic-Jovanovic M, Vidovic A, Bogdanovic A, Jankovic G, et al. Contribution of comorbidities and grade of bone marrow fibrosis to the prognosis of survival in patients with primary myelofibrosis. Med Oncol. 2014;31(3):869.PubMedCrossRef Lekovic D, Gotic M, Perunicic-Jovanovic M, Vidovic A, Bogdanovic A, Jankovic G, et al. Contribution of comorbidities and grade of bone marrow fibrosis to the prognosis of survival in patients with primary myelofibrosis. Med Oncol. 2014;31(3):869.PubMedCrossRef
60.
go back to reference Mesa RA, Schwager S, Huang J, Pardanani AD, Hussein K, Camoriano J, et al. Weight loss, splenomegaly, and hypocholesterolemia in myeloproliferative neoplasms: patterns and relevance from the pre JAK2 inhibitor era [abstract]. Blood. 2009;114(22):3918. Mesa RA, Schwager S, Huang J, Pardanani AD, Hussein K, Camoriano J, et al. Weight loss, splenomegaly, and hypocholesterolemia in myeloproliferative neoplasms: patterns and relevance from the pre JAK2 inhibitor era [abstract]. Blood. 2009;114(22):3918.
61.
go back to reference Mesa RA, Verstovsek S, Gupta V, Mascarenhas J, Atallah E, Sun W, et al. Improvement in weight and total cholesterol and their association with survival in ruxolitinib-treated patients with myelofibrosis from COMFORT-I [abstract]. Blood. 2012;120(21):1733. Mesa RA, Verstovsek S, Gupta V, Mascarenhas J, Atallah E, Sun W, et al. Improvement in weight and total cholesterol and their association with survival in ruxolitinib-treated patients with myelofibrosis from COMFORT-I [abstract]. Blood. 2012;120(21):1733.
62.
go back to reference Wilkins BS, Radia D, Woodley C, Farhi SE, Keohane C, Harrison CN. Resolution of bone marrow fibrosis in a patient receiving JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor treatment with ruxolitinib. Haematologica. 2013;98(12):1872–6.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Wilkins BS, Radia D, Woodley C, Farhi SE, Keohane C, Harrison CN. Resolution of bone marrow fibrosis in a patient receiving JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor treatment with ruxolitinib. Haematologica. 2013;98(12):1872–6.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
63.
go back to reference Molica M, Serrao A, Saracino R, Zacheo I, Stingone C, Alimena G, et al. Disappearance of fibrosis in secondary myelofibrosis after ruxolitinib treatment: new endpoint to achieve? Ann Hematol. 2014. doi:10.1007/s00277-014-2096-y. Molica M, Serrao A, Saracino R, Zacheo I, Stingone C, Alimena G, et al. Disappearance of fibrosis in secondary myelofibrosis after ruxolitinib treatment: new endpoint to achieve? Ann Hematol. 2014. doi:10.​1007/​s00277-014-2096-y.
64.
go back to reference Kvasnicka HM, Thiele J, Bueso-Ramos CE, Sun W, Cortes JE, Kantarjian HM, et al. Effects of five-years of ruxolitinib therapy on bone marrow morphology in patients with myelofibrosis and comparison with best available therapy [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4055. Kvasnicka HM, Thiele J, Bueso-Ramos CE, Sun W, Cortes JE, Kantarjian HM, et al. Effects of five-years of ruxolitinib therapy on bone marrow morphology in patients with myelofibrosis and comparison with best available therapy [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4055.
65.
go back to reference Kvasnicka HM, Thiele J, Bueso-Ramos CE, Kamalanabhaiah S, Cortes JE, Kantarjian HM, et al. Effects of ruxolitinib therapy on megakaryocyte morphology and inflammatory bone marrow reaction in patients with myelofibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4056. Kvasnicka HM, Thiele J, Bueso-Ramos CE, Kamalanabhaiah S, Cortes JE, Kantarjian HM, et al. Effects of ruxolitinib therapy on megakaryocyte morphology and inflammatory bone marrow reaction in patients with myelofibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4056.
66.
go back to reference Benjamini O, Jain P, Estrov Z, Kantarjian HM, Verstovsek S. Therapeutic effects of ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis without clinically significant splenomegaly. Blood. 2012;120(13):2768–9.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Benjamini O, Jain P, Estrov Z, Kantarjian HM, Verstovsek S. Therapeutic effects of ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis without clinically significant splenomegaly. Blood. 2012;120(13):2768–9.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
67.
go back to reference Tabarroki A, Lindner DJ, Visconte V, Zhang L, Rogers HJ, Parker Y, et al. Ruxolitinib leads to improvement of pulmonary hypertension in patients with myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2014;28(7):1486–93. Tabarroki A, Lindner DJ, Visconte V, Zhang L, Rogers HJ, Parker Y, et al. Ruxolitinib leads to improvement of pulmonary hypertension in patients with myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2014;28(7):1486–93.
68.
go back to reference Pieri L, Paoli C, Guglielmelli P, Fjerza R, Arena U, Marra F, et al. A phase 2 study of ruxolitinib in patients with splanchnic vein thrombosis associated with myeloproliferative neoplasm. Preliminary results [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):1583. Pieri L, Paoli C, Guglielmelli P, Fjerza R, Arena U, Marra F, et al. A phase 2 study of ruxolitinib in patients with splanchnic vein thrombosis associated with myeloproliferative neoplasm. Preliminary results [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):1583.
69.
go back to reference Lussana F, Rambaldi A, Finazzi MC, van Biezen A, Scholten M, Oldani E, et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia transformed to myelofibrosis or acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the MPN Subcommittee of the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Haematologica. 2014;99(5):916–21.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Lussana F, Rambaldi A, Finazzi MC, van Biezen A, Scholten M, Oldani E, et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia transformed to myelofibrosis or acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the MPN Subcommittee of the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Haematologica. 2014;99(5):916–21.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
70.
go back to reference Alchalby H, Yunus DR, Zabelina T, Kobbe G, Holler E, Bornhäuser M, et al. Risk models predicting survival after reduced-intensity transplantation for myelofibrosis. Br J Haematol. 2012;157(1):75–85.PubMedCrossRef Alchalby H, Yunus DR, Zabelina T, Kobbe G, Holler E, Bornhäuser M, et al. Risk models predicting survival after reduced-intensity transplantation for myelofibrosis. Br J Haematol. 2012;157(1):75–85.PubMedCrossRef
71.
go back to reference Bacigalupo A, Soraru M, Dominietto A, Pozzi S, Geroldi S, Van Lint MT, et al. Allogeneic hemopoietic SCT for patients with primary myelofibrosis: a predictive transplant score based on transfusion requirement, spleen size and donor type. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010;45(3):458–63.PubMedCrossRef Bacigalupo A, Soraru M, Dominietto A, Pozzi S, Geroldi S, Van Lint MT, et al. Allogeneic hemopoietic SCT for patients with primary myelofibrosis: a predictive transplant score based on transfusion requirement, spleen size and donor type. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010;45(3):458–63.PubMedCrossRef
72.
go back to reference Jaekel N, Behre G, Behning A, Wickenhauser C, Lange T, Niederwieser D, et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis in patients pretreated with the JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2014;49(2):179–84.PubMedCrossRef Jaekel N, Behre G, Behning A, Wickenhauser C, Lange T, Niederwieser D, et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelofibrosis in patients pretreated with the JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2014;49(2):179–84.PubMedCrossRef
73.•
go back to reference Stübig T, Alchalby H, Ditschkowski M, Wolf D, Wulf G, Zabelina T, et al. JAK inhibition with ruxolitinib as pretreatment for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in primary or post-ET/PV myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2014;28(6):1736–8. This is one of several recent reports supporting the use of ruxolitinib as pretreatment for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with MF to improve outcomes. Stübig T, Alchalby H, Ditschkowski M, Wolf D, Wulf G, Zabelina T, et al. JAK inhibition with ruxolitinib as pretreatment for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in primary or post-ET/PV myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2014;28(6):1736–8. This is one of several recent reports supporting the use of ruxolitinib as pretreatment for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with MF to improve outcomes.
74.
go back to reference Spoerl S, Mathew NR, Bscheider M, Schmitt-Graeff A, Chen S, Mueller T, et al. Activity of therapeutic JAK 1/2 blockade in graft-versus-host disease. Blood. 2014;123(24):3832–42. Spoerl S, Mathew NR, Bscheider M, Schmitt-Graeff A, Chen S, Mueller T, et al. Activity of therapeutic JAK 1/2 blockade in graft-versus-host disease. Blood. 2014;123(24):3832–42.
75.
go back to reference Lebon D, Rubio MT, Legrand F, Kiladjian J-J, Mohty M, Cahn J-Y, et al. Ruxolitinib for patients with primary or secondary myelofibrosis before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT): a retrospective study of the Société Française De Greffe De Moelle Et De Thérapie Cellulaire (SFGM-TC) [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):2111. Lebon D, Rubio MT, Legrand F, Kiladjian J-J, Mohty M, Cahn J-Y, et al. Ruxolitinib for patients with primary or secondary myelofibrosis before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT): a retrospective study of the Société Française De Greffe De Moelle Et De Thérapie Cellulaire (SFGM-TC) [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):2111.
76.
go back to reference Robin M, Francois S, Huynh A, Cassinat B, Bay J-O, Cornillon J, et al. Ruxolitinib before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with myelofibrosis: a preliminary descriptive report of the JAK ALLO study, a phase II trial sponsored by Goelams-FIM in collaboration with the Sfgmtc [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):306. Robin M, Francois S, Huynh A, Cassinat B, Bay J-O, Cornillon J, et al. Ruxolitinib before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with myelofibrosis: a preliminary descriptive report of the JAK ALLO study, a phase II trial sponsored by Goelams-FIM in collaboration with the Sfgmtc [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):306.
77.
go back to reference Barry-Hamilton V, Spangler R, Marshall D, McCauley S, Rodriguez HM, Oyasu M, et al. Allosteric inhibition of lysyl oxidase-like-2 impedes the development of a pathologic microenvironment. Nat Med. 2010;16(9):1009–17.PubMedCrossRef Barry-Hamilton V, Spangler R, Marshall D, McCauley S, Rodriguez HM, Oyasu M, et al. Allosteric inhibition of lysyl oxidase-like-2 impedes the development of a pathologic microenvironment. Nat Med. 2010;16(9):1009–17.PubMedCrossRef
78.
go back to reference Tadmor T, Bejar J, Attias D, Mischenko E, Sabo E, Neufeld G, et al. The expression of lysyl-oxidase gene family members in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Am J Hematol. 2013;88(5):355–8.PubMedCrossRef Tadmor T, Bejar J, Attias D, Mischenko E, Sabo E, Neufeld G, et al. The expression of lysyl-oxidase gene family members in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Am J Hematol. 2013;88(5):355–8.PubMedCrossRef
79.
go back to reference Santos FP, Verstovsek S. What is next beyond janus kinase 2 inhibitors for primary myelofibrosis? Curr Opin Hematol. 2013;20(2):123–9.PubMedCrossRef Santos FP, Verstovsek S. What is next beyond janus kinase 2 inhibitors for primary myelofibrosis? Curr Opin Hematol. 2013;20(2):123–9.PubMedCrossRef
80.
go back to reference Duffield JS, Lupher Jr ML. PRM-151 (recombinant human serum amyloid P/pentraxin 2) for the treatment of fibrosis. Drug News Perspect. 2010;23(5):305–15.PubMedCrossRef Duffield JS, Lupher Jr ML. PRM-151 (recombinant human serum amyloid P/pentraxin 2) for the treatment of fibrosis. Drug News Perspect. 2010;23(5):305–15.PubMedCrossRef
81.
go back to reference Evrot E, Ebel N, Romanet V, Roelli C, Andraos R, Qian Z, et al. JAK1/2 and pan-deacetylase inhibitor combination therapy yields improved efficacy in preclinical mouse models of JAK2V617F-driven disease. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19(22):6230–41.PubMedCrossRef Evrot E, Ebel N, Romanet V, Roelli C, Andraos R, Qian Z, et al. JAK1/2 and pan-deacetylase inhibitor combination therapy yields improved efficacy in preclinical mouse models of JAK2V617F-driven disease. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19(22):6230–41.PubMedCrossRef
82.
go back to reference Quintás-Cardama A, Kantarjian H, Estrov Z, Borthakur G, Cortes J, Verstovsek S. Therapy with the histone deacetylase inhibitor pracinostat for patients with myelofibrosis. Leuk Res. 2012;36(9):1124–7.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Quintás-Cardama A, Kantarjian H, Estrov Z, Borthakur G, Cortes J, Verstovsek S. Therapy with the histone deacetylase inhibitor pracinostat for patients with myelofibrosis. Leuk Res. 2012;36(9):1124–7.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
83.
go back to reference Mascarenhas J, Lu M, Li T, Petersen B, Hochman T, Najfeld V, et al. A phase I study of panobinostat (LBH589) in patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and post-polycythaemia vera/essential thrombocythaemia myelofibrosis (post-PV/ET MF). Br J Haematol. 2013;161(1):68–75.PubMedCrossRef Mascarenhas J, Lu M, Li T, Petersen B, Hochman T, Najfeld V, et al. A phase I study of panobinostat (LBH589) in patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and post-polycythaemia vera/essential thrombocythaemia myelofibrosis (post-PV/ET MF). Br J Haematol. 2013;161(1):68–75.PubMedCrossRef
84.
go back to reference Barrio S, Gallardo M, Arenas A, Ayala R, Rapado I, Rueda D, et al. Inhibition of related JAK/STAT pathways with molecular targeted drugs shows strong synergy with ruxolitinib in chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm. Br J Haematol. 2013;161(5):667–76.PubMedCrossRef Barrio S, Gallardo M, Arenas A, Ayala R, Rapado I, Rueda D, et al. Inhibition of related JAK/STAT pathways with molecular targeted drugs shows strong synergy with ruxolitinib in chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm. Br J Haematol. 2013;161(5):667–76.PubMedCrossRef
85.
go back to reference Saci A, Pinzon-Ortiz M, Wang D, Rong X, Growney J, Squier M, et al. The combination of JAK inhibitor, ruxolitinib, and PIM inhibitor, LGH447, in preclinical models of myeloproliferative neoplasia [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4100. Saci A, Pinzon-Ortiz M, Wang D, Rong X, Growney J, Squier M, et al. The combination of JAK inhibitor, ruxolitinib, and PIM inhibitor, LGH447, in preclinical models of myeloproliferative neoplasia [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4100.
86.
go back to reference Bhagwat N, Keller MD, Rampal RK, Shank K, de Stanchina E, Rose K, et al. Improved efficacy of combination of JAK2 and hedgehog inhibitors in myelofibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):666. Bhagwat N, Keller MD, Rampal RK, Shank K, de Stanchina E, Rose K, et al. Improved efficacy of combination of JAK2 and hedgehog inhibitors in myelofibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):666.
87.
go back to reference Ribrag V, Harrison CN, Heidel FH, Kiladjian J-J, Acharyya S, Mu S, et al. A phase 1b, dose-finding study of ruxolitinib plus panobinostat in patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF), post-polycythemia vera MF (PPV-MF), or post-essential thrombocythemia MF (PET-MF): identification of the recommended phase 2 dose [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4045. Ribrag V, Harrison CN, Heidel FH, Kiladjian J-J, Acharyya S, Mu S, et al. A phase 1b, dose-finding study of ruxolitinib plus panobinostat in patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF), post-polycythemia vera MF (PPV-MF), or post-essential thrombocythemia MF (PET-MF): identification of the recommended phase 2 dose [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4045.
88.
go back to reference Burgstaller S, Fridrik M, Hojas S, Kühr T, Ludwig H, Mayrbaurl B, et al. Experience with lenalidomide in an Austrian non-study population with advanced myelofibrosis. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2013;125(7–8):196–9.PubMedCrossRef Burgstaller S, Fridrik M, Hojas S, Kühr T, Ludwig H, Mayrbaurl B, et al. Experience with lenalidomide in an Austrian non-study population with advanced myelofibrosis. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2013;125(7–8):196–9.PubMedCrossRef
89.
go back to reference Daver N, Shastri A, Kadia T, Quintas-Cardama A, Jabbour E, Konopleva M, et al. Modest activity of pomalidomide in patients with myelofibrosis and significant anemia. Leuk Res. 2013;37(11):1440–4.PubMedCrossRef Daver N, Shastri A, Kadia T, Quintas-Cardama A, Jabbour E, Konopleva M, et al. Modest activity of pomalidomide in patients with myelofibrosis and significant anemia. Leuk Res. 2013;37(11):1440–4.PubMedCrossRef
90.
go back to reference Tefferi A, Begna K, Laborde RR, Patnaik MM, Lasho TL, Zblewski D, et al. Imetelstat, a telomerase inhibitor, induces morphologic and molecular remissions in myelofibrosis and reversal of bone marrow fibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):662. Tefferi A, Begna K, Laborde RR, Patnaik MM, Lasho TL, Zblewski D, et al. Imetelstat, a telomerase inhibitor, induces morphologic and molecular remissions in myelofibrosis and reversal of bone marrow fibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):662.
92.
go back to reference Verstovsek S, Dean JP, Cernohous P, Komrokji RS, Seymour JF, Mesa RA, et al. Pacritinib, a dual JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor: an integrated efficacy and safety analysis of phase II trial data in patients with primary and secondary myelofibrosis (MF) and platelet counts ≤100,000/μl [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):395. Verstovsek S, Dean JP, Cernohous P, Komrokji RS, Seymour JF, Mesa RA, et al. Pacritinib, a dual JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor: an integrated efficacy and safety analysis of phase II trial data in patients with primary and secondary myelofibrosis (MF) and platelet counts ≤100,000/μl [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):395.
93.
go back to reference Pardanani A, Gotlib J, Gupta V, Roberts AW, Wadleigh M, Sirhan S, et al. Update on the long-term efficacy and safety of momelotinib, a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, for the treatment of myelofibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):108. Pardanani A, Gotlib J, Gupta V, Roberts AW, Wadleigh M, Sirhan S, et al. Update on the long-term efficacy and safety of momelotinib, a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, for the treatment of myelofibrosis [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):108.
94.
go back to reference Pardanani A, Laborde RR, Lasho TL, Finke C, Begna K, Al-Kali A, et al. Safety and efficacy of CYT387, a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, in myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2013;27(6):1322–7.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Pardanani A, Laborde RR, Lasho TL, Finke C, Begna K, Al-Kali A, et al. Safety and efficacy of CYT387, a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, in myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 2013;27(6):1322–7.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
95.
go back to reference Ban-Hoefen M, Engle EK, Knoche EM, Kaiwar C, Gordon K, Moore DM, et al. The JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib elicits hematologic and symptomatic improvement in patients with chuvash polycythemia [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4051. Ban-Hoefen M, Engle EK, Knoche EM, Kaiwar C, Gordon K, Moore DM, et al. The JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib elicits hematologic and symptomatic improvement in patients with chuvash polycythemia [abstract]. Blood. 2013;122(21):4051.
96.
go back to reference Maxson JE, Gotlib J, Pollyea DA, Fleischman AG, Agarwal A, Eide CA, et al. Oncogenic CSF3R mutations in chronic neutrophilic leukemia and atypical CML. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(19):1781–90.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Maxson JE, Gotlib J, Pollyea DA, Fleischman AG, Agarwal A, Eide CA, et al. Oncogenic CSF3R mutations in chronic neutrophilic leukemia and atypical CML. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(19):1781–90.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Ruxolitinib: Long-Term Management of Patients with Myelofibrosis and Future Directions in the Treatment of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors
A. Yacoub
O. Odenike
S. Verstovsek
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports / Issue 4/2014
Print ISSN: 1558-8211
Electronic ISSN: 1558-822X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11899-014-0229-y

Other articles of this Issue 4/2014

Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports 4/2014 Go to the issue

Myeloproliferative Disorders (C Harrison, Section Editor)

Quality of Life in MPN Comes of Age as a Therapeutic Target

Myeloproliferative Disorders (C Harrison, Section Editor)

Back to Biology: New Insights on Inheritance in Myeloproliferative Disorders

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (M Sekeres, Section Editor)

Resuscitating a Dying Marrow: the Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Myeloproliferative Disorders (C Harrison, Section Editor)

Epidemiology of MPN: What Do We Know?

Myeloproliferative Disorders (C Harrison, Section Editor)

Antiplatelet Therapy in the Management of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine