Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 1/2010

01-01-2010

Quality Criteria for a Good Screening Colonoscopy

Authors: Sunil Dolwani, Krish Ragunath

Published in: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports | Issue 1/2010

Login to get access

Abstract

Screening for bowel cancer has been shown to reduce mortality from colorectal cancer by up to 15%. Colonoscopy is the key investigation, not only for diagnosis but also for removal of precancerous polyps. Hence, the quality of screening colonoscopy is of paramount importance for a successful screening program. In this article, we discuss the criteria that serve as benchmarks for a good screening colonoscopy, taking into account procedural details, colonoscopist skills, and accreditation.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Yoshimi I, Kaneko S: Comparison of cancer mortality (rectal cancer) in five countries: France, Italy, Japan, UK and USA from WHO mortality database (1960–2000). Jpn J Clin Oncol 2005, 35:224–227.CrossRefPubMed Yoshimi I, Kaneko S: Comparison of cancer mortality (rectal cancer) in five countries: France, Italy, Japan, UK and USA from WHO mortality database (1960–2000). Jpn J Clin Oncol 2005, 35:224–227.CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Hol L, Van Leerdam ME, Van Ballegooijen M, et al.: Screening for colorectal cancer; randomised trial comparing guaiac-based and immunochemical faecal occult blood testing and flexible sigmoidoscopy. Gut 2009 Aug 10 (Epub ahead of print). Hol L, Van Leerdam ME, Van Ballegooijen M, et al.: Screening for colorectal cancer; randomised trial comparing guaiac-based and immunochemical faecal occult blood testing and flexible sigmoidoscopy. Gut 2009 Aug 10 (Epub ahead of print).
3.
go back to reference Levin B, Lieberman DA, McFarland B, et al.: Screening and surveillance for the early detection of colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps, 2008: a joint guideline from the American Cancer Society, the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, and the American College of Radiology. CA Cancer J Clin 2008, 58:130–160.CrossRefPubMed Levin B, Lieberman DA, McFarland B, et al.: Screening and surveillance for the early detection of colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps, 2008: a joint guideline from the American Cancer Society, the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, and the American College of Radiology. CA Cancer J Clin 2008, 58:130–160.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Mandel JS, Bond JH, Church TR, et al.: Reducing mortality from colorectal cancer by screening for faecal occult blood. N Engl J Med 1993, 328:1365–1371.CrossRefPubMed Mandel JS, Bond JH, Church TR, et al.: Reducing mortality from colorectal cancer by screening for faecal occult blood. N Engl J Med 1993, 328:1365–1371.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Hardcastle JD, Chamberlain JO, Robinson MH, et al.: Randomised controlled trial of faecal-occult-blood screening for colorectal cancer. Lancet 1996, 348:1472–1477.CrossRefPubMed Hardcastle JD, Chamberlain JO, Robinson MH, et al.: Randomised controlled trial of faecal-occult-blood screening for colorectal cancer. Lancet 1996, 348:1472–1477.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Kronberg O, Fenger C, Olsen J, et al.: Randomised study of screening for colorectal cancer with faecal occult blood test. Lancet 1996, 348:1467–1471.CrossRef Kronberg O, Fenger C, Olsen J, et al.: Randomised study of screening for colorectal cancer with faecal occult blood test. Lancet 1996, 348:1467–1471.CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Becker F, Nusko G, Welke J, et al.: Benefit-risk analysis of different risk-related surveillance schedules following colorectal polypectomy. Hepatogastroenterology 2007, 54:2249–2258.PubMed Becker F, Nusko G, Welke J, et al.: Benefit-risk analysis of different risk-related surveillance schedules following colorectal polypectomy. Hepatogastroenterology 2007, 54:2249–2258.PubMed
8.
go back to reference Rex DK, Petrini JL, Baron TH, et al.: Quality indicators for colonoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol 2006, 101:873–885.PubMed Rex DK, Petrini JL, Baron TH, et al.: Quality indicators for colonoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol 2006, 101:873–885.PubMed
10.
go back to reference Neary P, Cahill RA, Kirwan WO, et al.: What a signature adds to the consent process. Surg Endosc 2008, 22:2698–2704.CrossRefPubMed Neary P, Cahill RA, Kirwan WO, et al.: What a signature adds to the consent process. Surg Endosc 2008, 22:2698–2704.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Coombes JM, Steiner JF, Bekelman DB, et al.: Clinical outcomes associated with attempts to educate patients about lower endoscopy: a narrative review. J Community Heath 2008, 33:149–157.CrossRef Coombes JM, Steiner JF, Bekelman DB, et al.: Clinical outcomes associated with attempts to educate patients about lower endoscopy: a narrative review. J Community Heath 2008, 33:149–157.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Radaelli F, Menucci G, Teruzzi V, et al.: Single bolus of midazolam versus bolus midazolam plus meperidine for colonoscopy. A prospective randomised, double blind trial. Gastrointest Endosc 2003, 57:329–335.CrossRefPubMed Radaelli F, Menucci G, Teruzzi V, et al.: Single bolus of midazolam versus bolus midazolam plus meperidine for colonoscopy. A prospective randomised, double blind trial. Gastrointest Endosc 2003, 57:329–335.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Heuss LT, Drewe J, Schnieper P, et al.: Patient controlled versus nurse administered sedation with propofol during colonoscopy. A prospective randomized trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2004, 99:511–518.CrossRefPubMed Heuss LT, Drewe J, Schnieper P, et al.: Patient controlled versus nurse administered sedation with propofol during colonoscopy. A prospective randomized trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2004, 99:511–518.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Liao WC, Chiu HM, Chen CC, et al.: A prospective evaluation of the feasibility of primary screening with unsedated colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 2009, 70:724–731.CrossRefPubMed Liao WC, Chiu HM, Chen CC, et al.: A prospective evaluation of the feasibility of primary screening with unsedated colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 2009, 70:724–731.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Petrini JL, Egan JV, Hahn WV: Unsedated colonoscopy: patient characteristics and satisfaction in a community-based endoscopy unit. Gastrointest Endosc 2009, 69:567–572.CrossRefPubMed Petrini JL, Egan JV, Hahn WV: Unsedated colonoscopy: patient characteristics and satisfaction in a community-based endoscopy unit. Gastrointest Endosc 2009, 69:567–572.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Bretthauer M, Lynge AB, Thiis-Evenson E, et al.: Carbon dioxide insufflation in colonoscopy: safe and effective in sedated patients. Endoscopy 2005, 37:706–709.CrossRefPubMed Bretthauer M, Lynge AB, Thiis-Evenson E, et al.: Carbon dioxide insufflation in colonoscopy: safe and effective in sedated patients. Endoscopy 2005, 37:706–709.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Wong JC, Yau KK, Cheung HY, et al.: Towards painless colonoscopy: a randomized controlled trial on carbon dioxide-insufflating colonoscopy. ANZ J Surg 2008, 78:871–874.CrossRefPubMed Wong JC, Yau KK, Cheung HY, et al.: Towards painless colonoscopy: a randomized controlled trial on carbon dioxide-insufflating colonoscopy. ANZ J Surg 2008, 78:871–874.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Wexner SD, Forde KA, Sellers G, et al.: How well can surgeons perform colonoscopy? Surg Endosc 1998, 12:1410–1414.CrossRefPubMed Wexner SD, Forde KA, Sellers G, et al.: How well can surgeons perform colonoscopy? Surg Endosc 1998, 12:1410–1414.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Wexner SD, Garbus JE, Singh JJ: The SAGES Colonoscopy Outcomes Study Group: A prospective analysis of 13,580 colonoscopies. Reevaluation of credentialing guidelines. Surg Endosc 2001, 15:251–261.CrossRefPubMed Wexner SD, Garbus JE, Singh JJ: The SAGES Colonoscopy Outcomes Study Group: A prospective analysis of 13,580 colonoscopies. Reevaluation of credentialing guidelines. Surg Endosc 2001, 15:251–261.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Edwards JK, Norris TE: Colonoscopy in rural communities: can family physicians perform the procedure with safe and efficacious results? J Am Board Fam Pract 2004, 17:3553–3558.CrossRef Edwards JK, Norris TE: Colonoscopy in rural communities: can family physicians perform the procedure with safe and efficacious results? J Am Board Fam Pract 2004, 17:3553–3558.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Saito Y, Fukuzawa M, Matsuda T, et al.: Clinical outcome of endoscopic submucosal dissection versus endoscopic mucosal resection of large colorectal tumors as determined by curative resection. Surg Endosc Jun 2009 (Epub ahead of print). Saito Y, Fukuzawa M, Matsuda T, et al.: Clinical outcome of endoscopic submucosal dissection versus endoscopic mucosal resection of large colorectal tumors as determined by curative resection. Surg Endosc Jun 2009 (Epub ahead of print).
22.
go back to reference Barclay RL, Vicari JJ, Doughty AS, et al.: Colonoscopic withdrawal times and adenoma detection during screening colonoscopy. N Engl J Med 2006, 355:2533–2541.CrossRefPubMed Barclay RL, Vicari JJ, Doughty AS, et al.: Colonoscopic withdrawal times and adenoma detection during screening colonoscopy. N Engl J Med 2006, 355:2533–2541.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference •• Simmons DT, Harewood GC, Baron TH, et al.: Impact of endoscopist withdrawal speed on polyp yield: implications for optimal colonoscopy withdrawal time. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007, 24:965–971. This study, along with the older one by Barclay et al. [22], has been used as a benchmark in the assessment of the quality of withdrawal and correlation with mucosal visualization during colonoscopy. •• Simmons DT, Harewood GC, Baron TH, et al.: Impact of endoscopist withdrawal speed on polyp yield: implications for optimal colonoscopy withdrawal time. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007, 24:965–971. This study, along with the older one by Barclay et al. [22], has been used as a benchmark in the assessment of the quality of withdrawal and correlation with mucosal visualization during colonoscopy.
24.
go back to reference Barkun A, Chiba N, Enns R, et al.: Commonly used preparations for colonoscopy: efficacy, tolerability and safety—a Canadian Association of Gastroenterology position paper. Can J Gastroenterol 2006, 20:699–710.PubMed Barkun A, Chiba N, Enns R, et al.: Commonly used preparations for colonoscopy: efficacy, tolerability and safety—a Canadian Association of Gastroenterology position paper. Can J Gastroenterol 2006, 20:699–710.PubMed
26.
go back to reference Froehlich F, Wietlisbach V, Gonvers J, et al.: Impact of colonic cleansing on quality and diagnostic yield of colonoscopy: the European Panel of Appropriateness of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy European multicenter study. Gastrointest Endosc 2005, 61:378–384.CrossRefPubMed Froehlich F, Wietlisbach V, Gonvers J, et al.: Impact of colonic cleansing on quality and diagnostic yield of colonoscopy: the European Panel of Appropriateness of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy European multicenter study. Gastrointest Endosc 2005, 61:378–384.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Harewood GC, Sharma VK, de Garmo P: Impact of colonoscopy preparation quality on detection of suspected colonic neoplasia. Gastrointest Endosc 2003, 58:76–79.CrossRefPubMed Harewood GC, Sharma VK, de Garmo P: Impact of colonoscopy preparation quality on detection of suspected colonic neoplasia. Gastrointest Endosc 2003, 58:76–79.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference East JE, Suzuki N, Arebi N, et al.: Position changes improve visibility during colonoscope withdrawal: a randomized, blinded, crossover trial. Gastrointest Endosc 2007, 65:263–269.CrossRefPubMed East JE, Suzuki N, Arebi N, et al.: Position changes improve visibility during colonoscope withdrawal: a randomized, blinded, crossover trial. Gastrointest Endosc 2007, 65:263–269.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Harrison M, Singh N, Rex DK: Impact of proximal colon retroflexion on adenoma miss rates. Am J Gastroenterol 2004, 99:519–522.CrossRefPubMed Harrison M, Singh N, Rex DK: Impact of proximal colon retroflexion on adenoma miss rates. Am J Gastroenterol 2004, 99:519–522.CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference East JE, Stavrindis M, Thomas-Gibson S, et al.: A comparative study of standard vs high definition colonoscopy for adenoma and hyperplastic polyp detection with optimized withdrawal technique. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008, 28:768–776.CrossRefPubMed East JE, Stavrindis M, Thomas-Gibson S, et al.: A comparative study of standard vs high definition colonoscopy for adenoma and hyperplastic polyp detection with optimized withdrawal technique. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008, 28:768–776.CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Huneberg R, Lammert F, Rabe C, et al.: Chromocolonoscopy detects more adenomas than white light colonoscopy or narrow band imaging in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer screening. Endoscopy 2009, 41:316–322.CrossRef Huneberg R, Lammert F, Rabe C, et al.: Chromocolonoscopy detects more adenomas than white light colonoscopy or narrow band imaging in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer screening. Endoscopy 2009, 41:316–322.CrossRef
32.
go back to reference Brown SR, Baraza W, Hurlstone P: Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007, CD006439. Brown SR, Baraza W, Hurlstone P: Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007, CD006439.
33.
go back to reference Togashi K, Hewett DG, Radford-Smith GL, et al.: The use of indigocarmine spray increases the colonoscopic detection rate of adenomas. J Gastroenterol 2009, 44:826–833.CrossRefPubMed Togashi K, Hewett DG, Radford-Smith GL, et al.: The use of indigocarmine spray increases the colonoscopic detection rate of adenomas. J Gastroenterol 2009, 44:826–833.CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Park SY, Lee SK, Kim BC, et al.: Efficacy of chromoendoscopy with indigocarmine for the detection of ascending colon and cecum lesions. Scand J Gastroenterol 2008, 43:878–885.CrossRefPubMed Park SY, Lee SK, Kim BC, et al.: Efficacy of chromoendoscopy with indigocarmine for the detection of ascending colon and cecum lesions. Scand J Gastroenterol 2008, 43:878–885.CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Adler A, Pohl H, Papanikolau IS, et al.: A prospective randomised study on narrow-band imaging versus conventional colonoscopy for adenoma detection: does narrow-band imaging induce a learning effect? Gut 2008, 57:59–64.CrossRefPubMed Adler A, Pohl H, Papanikolau IS, et al.: A prospective randomised study on narrow-band imaging versus conventional colonoscopy for adenoma detection: does narrow-band imaging induce a learning effect? Gut 2008, 57:59–64.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Katagiri A, Fu KI, Sano Y, et al.: Narrow band imaging with magnifying colonoscopy as a diagnostic tool for predicting histology of early colorectal neoplasia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008, 27:1269–1274.PubMedCrossRef Katagiri A, Fu KI, Sano Y, et al.: Narrow band imaging with magnifying colonoscopy as a diagnostic tool for predicting histology of early colorectal neoplasia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008, 27:1269–1274.PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Shaukat A, Oancea C, Bond JH, et al.: Variation in detection of adenomas and polyps by colonoscopy and change over time with a performance improvement program. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009 Aug 7 (Epub ahead of print). Shaukat A, Oancea C, Bond JH, et al.: Variation in detection of adenomas and polyps by colonoscopy and change over time with a performance improvement program. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009 Aug 7 (Epub ahead of print).
38.
go back to reference Rex DK, Bond JH, Winawer S, et al.: Quality in the technical performance of colonoscopy and the continuous quality improvement process for colonoscopy: recommendations of the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 2002, 97:1296–1308.CrossRefPubMed Rex DK, Bond JH, Winawer S, et al.: Quality in the technical performance of colonoscopy and the continuous quality improvement process for colonoscopy: recommendations of the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 2002, 97:1296–1308.CrossRefPubMed
39.
go back to reference Rex DK, Cutler CS, Lemmel GT, et al.: Colonoscopic miss rates of adenomas determined by back-to-back colonoscopies. Gastroenterology 1997, 112:24–28.CrossRefPubMed Rex DK, Cutler CS, Lemmel GT, et al.: Colonoscopic miss rates of adenomas determined by back-to-back colonoscopies. Gastroenterology 1997, 112:24–28.CrossRefPubMed
40.
go back to reference Leaper M, Johnston MJ, Barclay M, et al.: Reasons for failure to diagnose colorectal carcinoma at colonoscopy. Endoscopy 2004, 36:499–503.CrossRefPubMed Leaper M, Johnston MJ, Barclay M, et al.: Reasons for failure to diagnose colorectal carcinoma at colonoscopy. Endoscopy 2004, 36:499–503.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Garbay JR, Suc B, Rotman N, et al.: Multicentre study of surgical complications of colonoscopy. Br J Surg 1996, 83:42–44.CrossRefPubMed Garbay JR, Suc B, Rotman N, et al.: Multicentre study of surgical complications of colonoscopy. Br J Surg 1996, 83:42–44.CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Minoli G, Meucci G, Prada A, et al.: Quality assurance and colonoscopy. Endoscopy 1999, 31:522–527.CrossRefPubMed Minoli G, Meucci G, Prada A, et al.: Quality assurance and colonoscopy. Endoscopy 1999, 31:522–527.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Regula J, Rupinski M, Krawzewska E, et al.: Colonoscopy in colorectal cancer screening for detection of advanced neoplasia. N Engl J Med 2006, 355:1863–1872.CrossRefPubMed Regula J, Rupinski M, Krawzewska E, et al.: Colonoscopy in colorectal cancer screening for detection of advanced neoplasia. N Engl J Med 2006, 355:1863–1872.CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Zubarik R, Fleischer DE, Mastropietro C, et al.: Prospective analysis of complications 30 days after outpatient colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 1999, 50:322–328.CrossRefPubMed Zubarik R, Fleischer DE, Mastropietro C, et al.: Prospective analysis of complications 30 days after outpatient colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 1999, 50:322–328.CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Rabeneck L, Paszat LF, Hilsden RJ, et al.: Bleeding and perforation after outpatient colonoscopy and their risk factors in usual clinical practice. Gastroenterology 2008, 135:1899–1906.CrossRefPubMed Rabeneck L, Paszat LF, Hilsden RJ, et al.: Bleeding and perforation after outpatient colonoscopy and their risk factors in usual clinical practice. Gastroenterology 2008, 135:1899–1906.CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference Fu KI, Sano Y, Kato S, et al.: Chromoendoscopy using indigo carmine dye spraying with magnifying observation is the most reliable method for differential diagnosis between non-neoplastic and neoplastic colorectal lesions: a prospective study. Endoscopy 2004, 36:1089–1093.CrossRefPubMed Fu KI, Sano Y, Kato S, et al.: Chromoendoscopy using indigo carmine dye spraying with magnifying observation is the most reliable method for differential diagnosis between non-neoplastic and neoplastic colorectal lesions: a prospective study. Endoscopy 2004, 36:1089–1093.CrossRefPubMed
47.
go back to reference Matsuda T, Fujii T, Saito Y, et al.: Efficacy of the invasive/non-invasive pattern by magnifying chromoendoscopy to estimate the depth of invasion of early colorectal neoplasms. Am J Gastroenterol 2008, 103:2700–2706.CrossRefPubMed Matsuda T, Fujii T, Saito Y, et al.: Efficacy of the invasive/non-invasive pattern by magnifying chromoendoscopy to estimate the depth of invasion of early colorectal neoplasms. Am J Gastroenterol 2008, 103:2700–2706.CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference •• Swan MP, Bourke MJ, Alexander S, et al.: Large refractory colonic polyps: is it time to change our practice? A prospective study of the clinical and economic impact of a tertiary referral colonic mucosal resection and polypectomy service. Gastrointest Endosc 2009 Sep 11 (Epub ahead of print). This is an interesting study assessing the clinical and economic impact of advanced endoscopic therapy. •• Swan MP, Bourke MJ, Alexander S, et al.: Large refractory colonic polyps: is it time to change our practice? A prospective study of the clinical and economic impact of a tertiary referral colonic mucosal resection and polypectomy service. Gastrointest Endosc 2009 Sep 11 (Epub ahead of print). This is an interesting study assessing the clinical and economic impact of advanced endoscopic therapy.
Metadata
Title
Quality Criteria for a Good Screening Colonoscopy
Authors
Sunil Dolwani
Krish Ragunath
Publication date
01-01-2010
Publisher
Current Science Inc.
Published in
Current Colorectal Cancer Reports / Issue 1/2010
Print ISSN: 1556-3790
Electronic ISSN: 1556-3804
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11888-009-0040-7

Other articles of this Issue 1/2010

Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 1/2010 Go to the issue
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine