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Sleep and Breathing

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01-12-2020 | Sleep Apnea | Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article

Prevalence of undiagnosed glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes in patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Authors: Marie Bruyneel, Pierre Kleynen, Kris Poppe

Published in: Sleep and Breathing | Issue 4/2020

Abstract

Purpose

Overweight and obesity are major causal factors for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), providing insight into why one third of patients with OSAS suffer from diabetes mellitus and another third from glucose intolerance. However, a significant proportion of the general population remains undiagnosed for glucose metabolism disorders. The primary aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of known and newly diagnosed glucose metabolism disorders in patients with moderate and severe OSAS referred to the sleep lab for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy.

Methods

We prospectively included consecutive patients with moderate or severe OSAS referred for CPAP therapy. A fasting blood sample was collected to determine glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose, and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index. Baseline demographic data and medication intake were recorded.

Results

Of 280 consecutive patients (70% men, mean ± SD body mass index 33 ± 7 kg/m², apnea-hypopnea index 49 ± 25), 22% exhibited diabetes and 44% glucose intolerance. Undiagnosed diabetes and glucose intolerance was found in 79 of 280 patients (28%). Insulin resistance was associated with OSAS severity in multivariate linear regression analysis (regression coefficient 2.40 [95% CI 0.07–4.72]; p = 0.04).

Conclusion

In this population of overweight and obese patients with moderate and severe OSAS, 66% of patients had diabetes or glucose intolerance and 28% were newly diagnosed. Diabetes and glucose intolerance were not related to OSAS severity, contrary to insulin resistance. These data suggest that there is value in systematic screening for glucose metabolism disorders in all patients with moderate and severe OSAS.

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Title: Prevalence of undiagnosed glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes in patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Marie Bruyneel
Pierre Kleynen
Kris Poppe
Publication date: 01-12-2020
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keywords: Sleep Apnea
Obesity
Obesity
Insulins
Overweight
Insulins
Published in: Sleep and Breathing / Issue 4/2020
Print ISSN: 1520-9512
Electronic ISSN: 1522-1709
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-019-01989-y

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