Top

Published in:

Open Access 01-03-2016 | Review

The Combined Effect of Neuropsychological and Neuropathological Deficits on Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults: a Systematic Review

Authors: Eduard J. Overdorp, Roy P. C. Kessels, Jurgen A. Claassen, Joukje M. Oosterman

Published in: Neuropsychology Review | Issue 1/2016

Abstract

To date, studies have consistently demonstrated associations between either neuropsychological deficits or neuroanatomical changes and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in aging. Only a limited number of studies have evaluated morphological brain changes and neuropsychological test performance concurrently in relation to IADL in this population. As a result, it remains largely unknown whether these factors independently predict functional outcome. The current systematic review intended to address this lack of information by reviewing the literature on older adults, incorporating studies that examined e.g., normal aging, but also stroke or dementia patients. A comprehensive search of databases (Pubmed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO) and reference lists was performed, focusing on papers in the English language that examined the combined effect of neuropsychological and neuroanatomical factors on IADL in samples of adults with an average age above 50. In total, 58 potential articles were identified; 20 were included in the review. The results show that especially neuropsychological variables (primarily memory and executive functions) independently predict IADL. Although some unique predictive value of brain morphological changes, such as hippocampal atrophy, was found, support for the importance of white matter changes was limited. However, the results of the studies reviewed are diverse, and appear to be at least partially determined by the variables included. For example, studies were less likely to find an independent effect of cognition if they solely employed a cognitive screening instrument. This indicates that a structured examination of neuroanatomical and neuropsychological correlates of IADL in different patient populations is warranted.

Available only for authorised users

Apostolova, L. G., Mosconi, L., Thompson, P. M., Green, A. E., Hwang, K. S., Ramirez, A., et al. (2010). Subregional hippocampal atrophy predicts alzheimer’s dementia in the cognitively normal. Neurobiology of Aging, 31(7), 1077–1088.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Artero, S., Touchon, J., & Ritchie, K. (2001). Disability and mild cognitive impairment: a longitudinal population-based study. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(11), 1092–1097.CrossRefPubMed

Barberger-Gateau, P., & Fabrigoule, C. (1997). Disability and Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly. Disability and Rehabilitation, 19(5), 175–193.CrossRefPubMed

Bartzokis, G., Beckson, M., Lu, P. H., Nuechterlein, K. H., Edwards, N., & Mintz, J. (2001). Age-related changes in frontal and temporal lobe volumes in men: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 461–465.CrossRefPubMed

Baune, B. T., Schmidt, W. P., Roesler, A., & Berger, K. (2009). Functional consequences of subcortical white matter lesions and mri-defined brain infarct in an elderly general population. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 22(4), 266–273.CrossRefPubMed

Bell-McGinty, S., Podell, K., Franzen, M., Baird, A. D., & Williams, M. J. (2002). Standard measures of executive function in predicting instrumental activities of daily living in older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(9), 828–834.CrossRefPubMed

Bennett, H. P., Corbett, A. J., Gaden, S., Grayson, D. A., Kril, J. J., & Broe, G. A. (2002). Subcortical vascular disease and functional decline: a 6-year predictor study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 50(12), 1969–1977.CrossRefPubMed

Bennett, H. P., Piguet, O., Grayson, D. A., Creasey, H., Waite, L. M., Lye, T., et al. (2006). Cognitive, extrapyramidal, and magnetic resonance imaging predictors of functional impairment in nondemented older community dwellers: the Sydney older person study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 54(1), 3–10.CrossRefPubMed

Boyle, P. A., Cohen, R. A., Paul, R., Moser, D., & Gordon, N. (2002). Cognitive and motor impairments predict functional declines in patients with vascular dementia. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(2), 164–169.CrossRefPubMed

Boyle, P. A., Malloy, P. F., Salloway, S., Cahn-Weiner, D. A., Cohen, R., & Cummings, J. L. (2003a). Executive dysfunction and apathy predict functional impairment in alzheimer disease. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 11(2), 214–221.CrossRefPubMed

Boyle, P. A., Paul, R. H., Moser, D. J., & Cohen, R. A. (2004). executive impairments predict functional declines in vascular dementia. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 18(1), 75–82.CrossRefPubMed

Boyle, P. A., Paul, R., Moser, D., Zawacki, T., Gordon, N., & Cohen, R. (2003b). Cognitive and neurologic predictors of functional impairment in vascular dementia. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 11(1), 103–106.CrossRefPubMed

Brennan, M., Welsh, M. C., & Fisher, C. B. (1997). Aging and executive function skills: an examination of a community-dwelling older adult population. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 84(3), 1187–1197.CrossRefPubMed

Brown, P. J., Devanand, D. P., Liu, X., & Caccappolo, E. (2011). Functional impairment in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild alzheimer disease. Archives of General Psychiatry, 68(6), 617–626.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Burton, E. J., McKeith, I. G., Burn, D. J., Firbank, M. J., & O’Brien, J. T. (2006). Progression of white matter hyperintensities in alzheimer disease, dementia with lewy bodies, and parkinson disease dementia: a comparison with normal aging. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14(10), 842–849.CrossRefPubMed

Cahn, D. A., Malloy, P. F., Salloway, S., Rogg, J., Gillard, E., Kohn, R., et al. (1996). Subcortical hyperintensities on mri and activities of daily living in geriatric depression. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 8(4), 404–411.CrossRefPubMed

Cahn, D. A., Sullivan, E. V., Shear, P. K., Pfefferbaum, A., Heit, G., & Silverberg, G. (1998). differential contributions of cognitive and motor component processes to physical and instrumental activities of daily living in parkinson’s disease. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 13(7), 575–583.PubMed

Cahn-Weiner, D. A., Boyle, P. A., & Malloy, P. F. (2002). Tests of executive function predict instrumental activities of daily living in community-dwelling older individuals. Applied Neuropsychology, 9(3), 187–191.CrossRefPubMed

Cahn-Weiner, D. A., Farias, S. T., Julian, L., Harvey, D. J., Kramer, J. H., Reed, B. R., et al. (2007). Cognitive and neuroimaging predictors of instrumental activities of daily living. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 13(5), 747–757.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Cahn-Weiner, D. A., Malloy, P. F., Boyle, P. A., Marran, M., & Salloway, S. (2000). Prediction of functional status from neuropsychological tests in community-dwelling elderly individuals. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 14(2), 187–195.CrossRefPubMed

Chen, S. T., Sultzer, D. L., Hinkin, C. H., Mahler, M. E., & Cummings, J. L. (1998). Executive dysfunction in alzheimer’s disease: association with neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional impairment. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 10(4), 426–432.CrossRefPubMed

Chen, Y. K., Xiao, W. M., Li, W. Y., Liu, Y. L., Li, W., Qu, J. F., et al. (2015). Neuroimaging indicators of the performance of instrumental activities of daily living in alzheimer’s disease combined with cerebrovascular disease. Geriatrics and Gerontology International, 15(5), 588–593.CrossRefPubMed

Christman, A. L., Vannorsdall, T. D., Pearlson, G. D., Hill-Briggs, F., & Schretlen, D. J. (2010). Cranial volume, mild cognitive deficits, and functional limitations associated with diabetes in a community sample. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 25(1), 49–59.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Den Heijer, T., Geerlings, M. I., Hoebeek, F. E., Hofman, A., Koudstaal, P. J., & Breteler, M. M. (2006). Use of hippocampal and amygdalar volumes on magnetic resonance imaging to predict dementia in cognitively intact elderly people. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63(1), 57–62.CrossRef

Dunn, E. J., Searight, H. R., Grisso, T., Margolis, R. B., & Gibbons, J. L. (1990). The relation of the halstead-reitan neuropsychological battery to functional daily living skills in geriatric patients. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 5(2), 103–117.CrossRefPubMed

Einstein, G. O., Holland, L. J., McDaniel, M. A., & Guynn, M. J. (1992). Age-related deficits in prospective memory: the influence of task complexity. Psychology and Aging, 7(3), 471–478.CrossRefPubMed

Farias, S. T., Cahn-Weiner, D. A., Harvey, D. J., Reed, B. R., Mungas, D., Kramer, J. H., et al. (2009). Longitudinal changes in memory and executive functioning are associated with longitudinal change in instrumental activities of daily living in older adults. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 23(3), 446–461.PubMedCentralCrossRef

Farias, S. T., Harrell, E., Neumann, C., & Houtz, A. (2003). The relationship between neuropsychological performance and daily functioning in individuals with alzheimer’s disease: ecological validity of neuropsychological tests. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 18(6), 655–672.CrossRefPubMed

Farias, S. T., Mungas, D., & Jagust, W. (2005). Degree of discrepancy between self and other-reported everyday functioning by cognitive status: dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and healthy elders. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20(9), 827–834.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Farias, S. T., Mungas, D., Reed, B., Haan, M. N., & Jagust, W. J. (2004). Everyday functioning in relation to cognitive functioning and neuroimaging in community-dwelling hispanic and non-hispanic older adults. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 10(3), 342–354.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Fogel, B. S. (1994). The Significance of frontal system disorders for medical practice and health policy. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 6(4), 343–347.CrossRefPubMed

Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). "Mini-mental state". a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198.CrossRefPubMed

Franco-Marina, F., García-González, J. J., Wagner-Echeagaray, F., Gallo, J., Ugalde, O., Sánchez-García, S., et al. (2010). The Mini-mental state examination revisited: ceiling and floor effects after score adjustment for educational level in an aging mexican population. International Psychogeriatrics, 22(1), 72–81.CrossRefPubMed

Gauthier, S., Gélinas, I., & Gauthier, L. (1997). Functional disability in alzheimer’s disease. International Psychogeriatrics, 9(S1), 163–165.CrossRefPubMed

Goldstein, G., McCue, M., Rogers, J., & Nussbaum, P. D. (1992). Diagnostic differences in memory test based predictions of functional capacity in the elderly. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2(4), 307–317.CrossRef

Griffith, H. R., Stewart, C. C., Stoeckel, L. E., Okonkwo, O. C., den Hollander, J. A., Martin, R. C., et al. (2010). Magnetic resonance imaging volume of the angular gyri predicts financial skill deficits in people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58(2), 265–274.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Grigsby, J., Kaye, K., Baxter, J., Shetterly, S. M., & Hamman, R. F. (1998). Executive cognitive abilities and functional status among community-dwelling older persons in the san luis valley health and aging study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 46(5), 590–596.CrossRefPubMed

Hénon, H., Pasquier, F., Durieu, I., Pruvo, J. P., & Leys, D. (1998). Medial temporal lobe atrophy in stroke patients: relation to pre-existing dementia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 65(5), 641–647.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Herzog, R., Álvarez-Pasquin, M. J., Díaz, C., Del Barrio, J. L., Estrada, J. M., & Gil, Á. (2013). Are healthcare workers’ intentions to vaccinate related to their knowledge, beliefs and attitudes? a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 13, 154.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Hope, T., Keene, J., Gedling, K., Fairburn, C. G., & Jacoby, R. (1998). Predictors of institutionalization for people with dementia living at home with a carer. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 13(10), 682–690.CrossRefPubMed

Hybels, C. F., Pieper, C. F., Landerman, L. R., Payne, M. E., & Steffens, D. C. (2014). Vascular lesions and functional limitations among older adults: does depression make a difference? International Psychogeriatrics, 26(9), 1501–1509.

Inzitari, D., Pracucci, G., Poggesi, A., Carlucci, G., Barkhof, F., Chabriat, H., et al. (2009). Changes in white matter as determinant of global functional decline in older independent outpatients: three year follow-up of ladis (leukoaraiosis and disability) study cohort. British Medical Journal, 339, b2477.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Inzitari, D., Simoni, M., Pracucci, G., Poggesi, A., Basile, A. M., Chabriat, H., et al. (2007). Risk of rapid global functional decline in elderly patients with severe cerebral age-related white matter changes: the LADIS study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 167(1), 81–88.CrossRefPubMed

Kandiah, N., Chander, R. J., Ng, A., Wen, M. C., Cenina, A. R., & Assam, P. N. (2015). Association between white matter hyperintensity and medial temporal atrophy at various stages of alzheimer’s disease. European Journal of Neurology, 22(1), 150–155.CrossRefPubMed

Kaup, A. R., Mirzakhanian, H., Jeste, D. V., & Eyler, L. T. (2011). A review of the brain structure correlates of successful cognitive aging. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 23(1), 6–15.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Kim, G. H., Lee, J. H., Seo, S. W., Kim, J. H., Seong, J. K., Ye, B. S., et al. (2015). Hippocampal volume and shape in pure subcortical vascular dementia. Neurobiology of Aging, 36(1), 485–491.CrossRefPubMed

Kiosses, D. N., & Alexopoulos, G. S. (2005). IADL functions, cognitive deficits, and severity of depression: a preliminary study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 13(3), 244–249.CrossRefPubMed

Kiosses, D. N., Alexopoulos, G. S., & Murphy, C. (2000). Symptoms of striatofrontal dysfunction contribute to disability in geriatric depression. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(11), 992–999.CrossRefPubMed

Kochan, N. A., Breakspear, M., Valenzuela, M., Slavin, M. J., Brodaty, H., Wen, W., et al. (2011). Cortical responses to a graded working memory challenge predict functional decline in mild cognitive impairment. Biological Psychiatry, 70(2), 123–130.CrossRefPubMed

Lawton, M. P. (1988). Scales to measure competence in everyday activities. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 24(4), 609–614.PubMed

Lawton, M. P., & Brody, E. M. (1969). Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. The Gerontologist, 9(3), 179–186.CrossRefPubMed

Liu, C., Li, C., Gui, L., Zhao, L., Evans, A. C., Xie, B., et al. (2014). The pattern of brain gray matter impairments in patients with subcortical vascular dementia. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 341(1–2), 110–118.CrossRefPubMed

Marshall, G. A., Lorius, N., Locascio, J. J., Hyman, B. T., Rentz, D. M., Johnson, K. A., et al. (2014). Regional cortical thinning and cerebrospinal biomarkers predict worsening daily functioning across the alzheimer’s disease spectrum. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 41(3), 719–728.PubMedCentralPubMed

Matsuda, O., & Saito, M. (2005). Functional competency and cognitive ability in mild alzheimer’s disease: relationship between adl assessed by a relative/carer-rated scale and neuropsychological performance. International Psychogeriatrics, 17(2), 275–288.CrossRefPubMed

McCue, M., Rogers, J. C., & Goldstein, G. (1990). Relationship between neuropsychological and functional assessment in elderly neuropsychiatric patients. Rehabilitation Psychology, 35(2), 91–99.CrossRef

Mok, V. C., Wong, A., Lam, W. W., Fan, Y. H., Tang, W. K., Kwok, T., et al. (2004). Cognitive impairment and functional outcome after stroke associated with small vessel disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 75(4), 560–566.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Moon, S. Y., Na, D. L., Seo, S. W., Lee, J. Y., Ku, B. D., Kim, S. Y., et al. (2011). Impact of white matter changes on activities of daily living in mild to moderate dementia. European Neurology, 65(4), 223–230.CrossRefPubMed

Nadler, J. D., Richardson, E. D., Malloy, P. F., Marran, M. E., & Hosteller Brinson, M. E. (1993). The ability of the dementia rating scale to predict everyday functioning. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 8(5), 449–460.CrossRefPubMed

Pantoni, L., Poggesi, A., Basile, A. M., Pracucci, G., Barkhof, F., Chabriat, H., et al. (2006). Leukoaraiosis predicts hidden global functioning impairment in nondisabled older people: the LADIS (Leukoaraiosis and Disability in the Elderly) study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 54(7), 1095–1101.CrossRefPubMed

Park, K. H., Lee, J. Y., Na, D. L., Kim, S. Y., Cheong, H. K., Moon, S. Y., et al. (2011). Different associations of periventricular and deep white matter lesions with cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and daily activities in dementia. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 24(2), 84–90.CrossRefPubMed

Pereira, F. S., Yassuda, M. S., Oliveira, A. M., & Forlenza, O. V. (2008). Executive dysfunction correlates with impaired functional status in older adults with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. International Psychogeriatrics, 20(6), 1104–1115.CrossRefPubMed

Pérès, K., Helmer, C., Amieva, H., Orgogozo, J. M., Rouch, I., Dartigues, J. F., et al. (2008). Natural history of decline in instrumental activities of daily living performance over the 10 years preceding the clinical diagnosis of dementia: a prospective population-based study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 56(1), 37–44.CrossRefPubMed

Pohjasvaara, T. I., Jokinen, H., Ylikoski, R., Kalska, H., Mäntylä, R., Kaste, M., et al. (2007). White matter lesions are related to impaired instrumental activities of daily living poststroke. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 16(6), 251–258.CrossRefPubMed

Pohjasvaara, T., Mäntylä, R., Ylikoski, R., Kaste, M., & Erkinjuntti, T. (2003). Clinical features of mri-defined subcortical vascular disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 17(4), 236–242.CrossRefPubMed

Razani, J., Casas, R., Wong, J. T., Lu, P., Alessi, C., & Josephson, K. (2007). Relationship between executive functioning and activities of daily living in patients with relatively mild dementia. Applied Neuropsychology, 14(3), 208–214.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Reed, B. R., Jagust, W. J., & Seab, J. P. (1989). Mental status as a predictor of daily function in progressive dementia. The Gerontologist, 29(6), 804–807.CrossRefPubMed

Richardson, E. D., Nadler, J. D., & Malloy, P. F. (1995). Neuropsychologic prediction of performance measures of daily living skills in geriatric patients. Neuropsychology, 9(4), 565–572.CrossRef

Royall, D. R., Palmer, R., Chiodo, L. K., & Polk, M. J. (2004). Declining executive control in normal aging predicts change in functional status: the Freedom house study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52(3), 346–352.CrossRefPubMed

Schmeidler, J., Mohs, R. C., & Aryan, M. (1998). Relationship of disease severity to decline on specific cognitive and functional measures in alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 12(3), 146–151.CrossRefPubMed

Schmidt, R., Grazer, A., Enzinger, C., Ropele, S., Homayoon, N., Pluta-Fuerst, A., et al. (2011). MRI-detected white matter lesions: do they really matter? Journal of Neural Transmission, 118(5), 673–681.CrossRefPubMed

Senanarong, V., Poungvarin, N., Jamjumras, P., Sriboonroung, A., Danchaivijit, C., Udomphanthuruk, S., et al. (2005). Neuropsychiatric symptoms, functional impairment and executive ability in thai patients with alzheimer’s disease. International Psychogeriatrics, 17(1), 81–90.CrossRefPubMed

Skurla, E., Rogers, J. C., & Sunderland, T. (1988). Direct assessment of activities of daily living in alzheimer’s disease. a controlled study. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 36(2), 97–103.CrossRef

Sonohara, K., Kozaki, K., Akishita, M., Nagai, K., Hasegawa, H., Kuzuya, M., et al. (2008). White matter lesions as a feature of cognitive impairment, low vitality and other symptoms of geriatric syndrome in the elderly. Geriatrics and Gerontology International, 8(2), 93–100.CrossRefPubMed

Steffens, D. C., Bosworth, H. B., Provenzale, J. M., & MacFall, J. R. (2002). Subcortical white matter lesions and functional impairment in geriatric depression. Depression and Anxiety, 15(1), 23–28.CrossRefPubMed

Stoeckel, L. E., Stewart, C. C., Griffith, H. R., Triebel, K., Okonkwo, O. C., den Hollander, J. A., et al. (2013). Brain Imaging and Behavior, 7(3), 282–292.CrossRefPubMed

Stout, J. C., Wyman, M. F., Johnson, S. A., Peavy, G. M., & Salmon, D. P. (2003). Frontal behavioral syndromes and functional status in probable alzheimer disease. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 11(6), 683–686.CrossRefPubMed

Stubbs, B., Binnekade, T. T., Soundy, A., Schofield, P., Huijnen, I. P., & Eggermont, L. H. (2013). Are older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain less active than older adults without pain? a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pain Medicine, 14(9), 1316–1331.CrossRefPubMed

Tan, J. E., Hultsch, D. F., & Strauss, E. (2009). Cognitive abilities and functional capacity in older adults: results from the modified scales of independent behavior-revised. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 23(3), 479–500.CrossRefPubMed

Taylor, W. D., Steffens, D. C., McQuoid, D. R., Payne, M. E., Lee, S. H., Lai, T. J., et al. (2003). Smaller orbital frontal cortex volumes associated with functional disability in depressed elders. Biological Psychiatry, 53(2), 144–149.CrossRefPubMed

Verlinden, V. J., van der Geest, J. N., de Groot, M., Hofman, A., Niessen, W. J., van der Lugt, A., et al. (2014). Structural and microstructural brain changes predict impairment in daily functioning. The American Journal of Medicine, 127(11), 1089–1096.CrossRefPubMed

Vetter, P. H., Krauss, S., Steiner, O., Kropp, P., Möller, W. D., Moises, H. W., et al. (1999). Vascular dementia versus dementia of alzheimer’s type: do they have differential effects on caregivers’ burden? Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 54(2), 93–98.CrossRef

Vidoni, E. D., Honea, R. A., & Burns, J. M. (2010). Neural correlates of impaired functional independence in early alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 19(2), 517–527.PubMedCentralPubMed

Walhovd, K. B., Fjell, A. M., Reinvang, I., Lundervold, A., Dale, A. M., Eilertsen, D. E., et al. (2005). Effects of age on volumes of cortex, white matter and subcortical structures. Neurobiology of Aging, 26(9), 1261–1270.CrossRefPubMed

Wang, L., van Belle, G., Kukull, W. B., & Larson, E. B. (2002). Predictors of functional change: a longitudinal study of nondemented people aged 65 and older. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 50(9), 1525–1534.CrossRefPubMed

Wicklund, A. H., Johnson, N., Rademaker, A., Weitner, B. B., & Weintraub, S. (2007). Profiles of decline in activities of daily living in non-alzheimer dementia. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 21(1), 8–13.CrossRefPubMed

Yoon, B., Shim, Y. S., Kim, Y. D., Lee, K. O., Na, S. J., Hong, Y. J., et al. (2013). Correlation between instrumental activities of daily living and white matter hyperintensities in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: results of a cross-sectional study. Neurological Sciences, 34(5), 715–721.CrossRefPubMed

Yoshida, D., Shimada, H., Makizako, H., Doi, T., Ito, K., Kato, T., et al. (2012). the relationship between atrophy of the medial temporal area and daily activities in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 24(5), 423–429.PubMed

Title: The Combined Effect of Neuropsychological and Neuropathological Deficits on Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults: a Systematic Review
Authors: Eduard J. Overdorp
Roy P. C. Kessels
Jurgen A. Claassen
Joukje M. Oosterman
Publication date: 01-03-2016
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Neuropsychology Review / Issue 1/2016
Print ISSN: 1040-7308
Electronic ISSN: 1573-6660
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-015-9312-y

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

The Combined Effect of Neuropsychological and Neuropathological Deficits on Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults: a Systematic Review

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2016

Theory of Mind in Patients with Epilepsy: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Neuroimaging in Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and Conduct Disorder (CD) Taking Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Into Account

Multisensory Stimulation to Improve Low- and Higher-Level Sensory Deficits after Stroke: A Systematic Review

A Comparison of Structural Brain Imaging Findings in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Editorial