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Metabolic Brain Disease
Published in: Metabolic Brain Disease 2/2016

01-04-2016 | Review Article

Cerebral malaria – clinical manifestations and pathogenesis

Authors: Rachna Hora, Payal Kapoor, Kirandeep Kaur Thind, Prakash Chandra Mishra

Published in: Metabolic Brain Disease | Issue 2/2016

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Abstract

One of the most common central nervous system diseases in tropical countries is cerebral malaria (CM). Malaria is a common protozoan infection that is responsible for enormous worldwide mortality and economic burden on the society. Episodes of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) caused CM may be lethal, while survivors are likely to suffer from persistent debilitating neurological deficits, especially common in children. In this review article, we have summarized the various symptoms and manifestations of CM in children and adults, and entailed the molecular basis of the disease. We have also emphasized how pathogenesis of the disease is effected by the parasite and host responses including blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption, endothelial cell activation and apoptosis, nitric oxide bioavailability, platelet activation and apoptosis, and neuroinflammation. Based on a few recent studies carried out in experimental mouse malaria models, we propose a basis for the neurological deficits and sequelae observed in human cerebral malaria, and summarize how existing drugs may improve prognosis in affected individuals.
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Metadata
Title
Cerebral malaria – clinical manifestations and pathogenesis
Authors
Rachna Hora
Payal Kapoor
Kirandeep Kaur Thind
Prakash Chandra Mishra
Publication date
01-04-2016
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Metabolic Brain Disease / Issue 2/2016
Print ISSN: 0885-7490
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7365
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-015-9787-5

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