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Maternal and Child Health Journal
Published in: Maternal and Child Health Journal 10/2013

01-12-2013

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Postpartum Depressive Symptoms Among Women Enrolled in WIC

Authors: Jennifer Pooler, Deborah F. Perry, Reem M. Ghandour

Published in: Maternal and Child Health Journal | Issue 10/2013

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Abstract

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and correlates of postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS) among women with a recent live birth and specifically among women participating in and eligible for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System data from 22 states in 2006–2008 (n = 75,234) were used to estimate the prevalence of PDS using a two-question screener. Associations between PDS and respondent demographics, risk factors and behaviors, and WIC program eligibility and participation were assessed using logistic regression. Overall prevalence of PDS was 13.8 %:19.8 % among WIC participants, 16.3 % among non-participants eligible for WIC, and 6.8 % of women not eligible for the program. PDS prevalence was higher among younger, less educated, and poorer women, as well as those engaging in risky behaviors during pregnancy (smoking and binge drinking), and those with an unintended pregnancy and who experienced intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Controlling for these factors, the odds of PDS were no different between WIC participants and women eligible but not participating in the program (aOR 1.08, 95 % CI 0.97–1.22), but WIC enrollees were significantly more likely than ineligible women to report PDS (aOR 1.65, 95 % CI 1.39–1.95). WIC serves more than 1 million pregnant women each year, one-fifth of whom may experience PDS. WIC has a unique opportunity to screen and provide referrals to new mothers receiving postpartum WIC benefits.
Footnotes
1
States included in the analyses: Alaska, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
 
2
Due to differences in how states collect and report racial and ethnic data to CDC PRAMS, the race groups used in this paper in some cases include persons of multiple races and of Hispanic origin. Where possible, however, race groups were categorized as mutually exclusive.
 
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Metadata
Title
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Postpartum Depressive Symptoms Among Women Enrolled in WIC
Authors
Jennifer Pooler
Deborah F. Perry
Reem M. Ghandour
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Maternal and Child Health Journal / Issue 10/2013
Print ISSN: 1092-7875
Electronic ISSN: 1573-6628
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-013-1224-y

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