Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 4/2011

01-08-2011 | Original Paper

Alcohol Use Among Arab Americans: What is the Prevalence?

Authors: Cynthia L. Arfken, Bengt B. Arnetz, Monty Fakhouri, Matthew J. Ventimiglia, Hikmet Jamil

Published in: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health | Issue 4/2011

Login to get access

Abstract

Information is limited on alcohol use among Arab Americans. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the alcohol use pattern among Arab Americans by reviewing existing surveys using an acculturation model. Secondary data analysis. Nationally, English-speaking immigrant Arab Americans reported lower rates of lifetime alcohol use (50.8%), past month use (26.4%) and binge drinking (10%) than the White majority group. In a state survey, self-identified English-speaking Arab Americans were less likely to report past month use (45.6%) than the White majority group but reported similar rate of binge drinking (17.0%). Locally, lifetime drinking was reported by 46.2% of the immigrants but only 13.4% of refugees fleeing war. Few databases are available to estimate alcohol use pattern among Arab Americans; the limited data suggest a drinking pattern consistent with acculturation. However, the potential influence of other factors is unknown and needs to be investigated.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Horgan C. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Substance abuse: the nation’s number one health problem: key indicators for policy update: The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; 2001. Horgan C. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Substance abuse: the nation’s number one health problem: key indicators for policy update: The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; 2001.
2.
go back to reference Alegría M, Page J, Hansen H, Cauce A, Robles R, Blanco C, et al. Improving drug treatment services for Hispanics: research gaps and scientific opportunities. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006;84:S76–84.PubMedCrossRef Alegría M, Page J, Hansen H, Cauce A, Robles R, Blanco C, et al. Improving drug treatment services for Hispanics: research gaps and scientific opportunities. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006;84:S76–84.PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Ja D, Aoki B. Substance abuse treatment: cultural barriers in the Asian-American community. J Psychoactive Drugs. 1993;25(1):61–71.PubMed Ja D, Aoki B. Substance abuse treatment: cultural barriers in the Asian-American community. J Psychoactive Drugs. 1993;25(1):61–71.PubMed
4.
go back to reference Hasin D, Stinson F, Ogburn E, Grant B. Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence in the United States: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64(7):830.PubMedCrossRef Hasin D, Stinson F, Ogburn E, Grant B. Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence in the United States: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64(7):830.PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Abe-Kim J, Takeuchi D, Hong S, Zane N, Sue S, Spencer M, et al. Use of mental health-related services among immigrant and US-born Asian Americans: results from the National Latino and Asian American Study. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(1):91–8.PubMedCrossRef Abe-Kim J, Takeuchi D, Hong S, Zane N, Sue S, Spencer M, et al. Use of mental health-related services among immigrant and US-born Asian Americans: results from the National Latino and Asian American Study. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(1):91–8.PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Alegria M, Canino G, Shrout P, Woo M, Duan N, Vila D, et al. Prevalence of mental illness in immigrant and non-immigrant US Latino groups. Am J Psychiatry. 2008;165(3):359–69.PubMedCrossRef Alegria M, Canino G, Shrout P, Woo M, Duan N, Vila D, et al. Prevalence of mental illness in immigrant and non-immigrant US Latino groups. Am J Psychiatry. 2008;165(3):359–69.PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference O’Malley P, Johnston L. Epidemiology of alcohol and other drug use among American college students. J Stud Alcohol. 2002;14:23–39. O’Malley P, Johnston L. Epidemiology of alcohol and other drug use among American college students. J Stud Alcohol. 2002;14:23–39.
8.
go back to reference Grant B, Stinson F, Harford T. Age at onset of alcohol use and DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence: a 12-year follow-up. J Subst Abuse. 2001;13(4):493–504.PubMedCrossRef Grant B, Stinson F, Harford T. Age at onset of alcohol use and DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence: a 12-year follow-up. J Subst Abuse. 2001;13(4):493–504.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Takeuchi D, Zane N, Hong S, Chae D, Gong F, Gee G, et al. Immigration-related factors and mental disorders among Asian Americans. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(1):84.PubMedCrossRef Takeuchi D, Zane N, Hong S, Chae D, Gong F, Gee G, et al. Immigration-related factors and mental disorders among Asian Americans. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(1):84.PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Caetano R, Ramisetty-Mikler S, Rodriguez L. The Hispanic Americans Baseline Alcohol Survey (HABLAS): rates and predictors of alcohol abuse and dependence across Hispanic national groups. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2008;69(3):441.PubMed Caetano R, Ramisetty-Mikler S, Rodriguez L. The Hispanic Americans Baseline Alcohol Survey (HABLAS): rates and predictors of alcohol abuse and dependence across Hispanic national groups. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2008;69(3):441.PubMed
11.
go back to reference Vega W, Alderete E, Kolody B, Aguilar-Gaxiola S. Illicit drug use among Mexicans and Mexican Americans in California: the effects of gender and acculturation. Addiction. 1998;93(12):1839–50.PubMedCrossRef Vega W, Alderete E, Kolody B, Aguilar-Gaxiola S. Illicit drug use among Mexicans and Mexican Americans in California: the effects of gender and acculturation. Addiction. 1998;93(12):1839–50.PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Sakai J, Ho P, Shore J, Risk N, Price R. Asians in the United States: substance dependence and use of substance-dependence treatment. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2005;29(2):75–84.PubMedCrossRef Sakai J, Ho P, Shore J, Risk N, Price R. Asians in the United States: substance dependence and use of substance-dependence treatment. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2005;29(2):75–84.PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Brown J, Council C, Penne M, Gfroerer J. Immigrants and substance use: findings from the 1999–2001 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. No:(SMA) 04-3909. 2005;76. Brown J, Council C, Penne M, Gfroerer J. Immigrants and substance use: findings from the 1999–2001 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. No:(SMA) 04-3909. 2005;76.
14.
go back to reference Arfken C, Kubiak S, Farrag M. Arab Americans in publicly financed alcohol/other drug abuse treatment. Alcoholism Treat Q. 2008;26(3):229–40.CrossRef Arfken C, Kubiak S, Farrag M. Arab Americans in publicly financed alcohol/other drug abuse treatment. Alcoholism Treat Q. 2008;26(3):229–40.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Dawson D. Beyond black, white and Hispanic: race, ethnic origin and drinking patterns in the United States. J Subst Abuse. 1998;10(4):321–39.PubMedCrossRef Dawson D. Beyond black, white and Hispanic: race, ethnic origin and drinking patterns in the United States. J Subst Abuse. 1998;10(4):321–39.PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Berry J, Kim U, Minde T, Mok D. Comparative studies of acculturative stress. Int Migr Rev. 1987;491–511. Berry J, Kim U, Minde T, Mok D. Comparative studies of acculturative stress. Int Migr Rev. 1987;491–511.
17.
go back to reference Berry J, Phinney J, Sam D, Vedder P. Immigrant youth: acculturation, identity, and adaptation. Appl Psychol. 2006;55(3):303–32.CrossRef Berry J, Phinney J, Sam D, Vedder P. Immigrant youth: acculturation, identity, and adaptation. Appl Psychol. 2006;55(3):303–32.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Berry J. Globalisation and acculturation. Int J Intercult Relat. 2008;32(4):328–36.CrossRef Berry J. Globalisation and acculturation. Int J Intercult Relat. 2008;32(4):328–36.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Chae D, Takeuchi D, Barbeau E, Bennett G, Lindsey J, Stoddard A, et al. Alcohol disorders among Asian Americans: associations with unfair treatment, racial/ethnic discrimination, and ethnic identification (the National Latino and Asian Americans Study, 2002–2003). J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008;62(11):973.PubMedCrossRef Chae D, Takeuchi D, Barbeau E, Bennett G, Lindsey J, Stoddard A, et al. Alcohol disorders among Asian Americans: associations with unfair treatment, racial/ethnic discrimination, and ethnic identification (the National Latino and Asian Americans Study, 2002–2003). J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008;62(11):973.PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Johnson T, VanGeest J, Cho Y. Migration and substance use: evidence from the US National Health Interview Survey. Subst Use Misuse. 2002;37(8–10):941–72.PubMedCrossRef Johnson T, VanGeest J, Cho Y. Migration and substance use: evidence from the US National Health Interview Survey. Subst Use Misuse. 2002;37(8–10):941–72.PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization. World Drink Trends. 2003. United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization. World Drink Trends. 2003.
22.
go back to reference Makimoto K. Drinking patterns and drinking problems among Asian-Americans and Pacific Islanders. Alcohol Health Res World. 1998;22(4):270–5.PubMed Makimoto K. Drinking patterns and drinking problems among Asian-Americans and Pacific Islanders. Alcohol Health Res World. 1998;22(4):270–5.PubMed
23.
go back to reference Caetano R, Clark C, Tam T. Alcohol consumption among racial/ethnic minorities. Alcohol Health Res World. 1998;22(4):233–41.PubMed Caetano R, Clark C, Tam T. Alcohol consumption among racial/ethnic minorities. Alcohol Health Res World. 1998;22(4):233–41.PubMed
24.
go back to reference Shaheen J. Reel Bad Arabs. Olive Branch Press; 2001. Shaheen J. Reel Bad Arabs. Olive Branch Press; 2001.
25.
go back to reference Merskin D. The construction of Arabs as enemies: post-September 11 discourse of George W. Bush. Mass Communication and Society. 2004;7(2):157–75. Merskin D. The construction of Arabs as enemies: post-September 11 discourse of George W. Bush. Mass Communication and Society. 2004;7(2):157–75.
26.
go back to reference Padela A, Heisler M. The Association of Perceived Abuse and Discrimination after September 11, 2001, with psychological distress, level of happiness, and health status among Arab Americans. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(2):284.PubMedCrossRef Padela A, Heisler M. The Association of Perceived Abuse and Discrimination after September 11, 2001, with psychological distress, level of happiness, and health status among Arab Americans. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(2):284.PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Baker W, Howell S. Citizenship and crisis. Russell Sage Foundation; 2009. Baker W, Howell S. Citizenship and crisis. Russell Sage Foundation; 2009.
28.
go back to reference Bushman B, Bonacci A. You’ve got mail: using e-mail to examine the effect of prejudiced attitudes on discrimination against Arabs. J Exp Soc Psychol. 2004;40(6):753–9.CrossRef Bushman B, Bonacci A. You’ve got mail: using e-mail to examine the effect of prejudiced attitudes on discrimination against Arabs. J Exp Soc Psychol. 2004;40(6):753–9.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference El-Islam F. Arab culture and mental health care. Transcult Psychiatry. 2008;45(4):671.CrossRef El-Islam F. Arab culture and mental health care. Transcult Psychiatry. 2008;45(4):671.CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Amundsen E, Rossow I, Skurtveit S. Drinking pattern among adolescents with immigrant and Norwegian backgrounds: a two-way influence? Addiction. 2005;100(10):1453–63.PubMedCrossRef Amundsen E, Rossow I, Skurtveit S. Drinking pattern among adolescents with immigrant and Norwegian backgrounds: a two-way influence? Addiction. 2005;100(10):1453–63.PubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Abu-Ras W, Ahmed S, Arfken C. Alcohol use among US Muslim college students: risk and protective factors. J Ethnicity Subst Abuse. 2010;9(3):206–20.CrossRef Abu-Ras W, Ahmed S, Arfken C. Alcohol use among US Muslim college students: risk and protective factors. J Ethnicity Subst Abuse. 2010;9(3):206–20.CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Michalak L, Trocki K, Bond J. Religion and alcohol in the US National Alcohol Survey: how important is religion for abstention and drinking? Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007;87(2–3):268–80.PubMedCrossRef Michalak L, Trocki K, Bond J. Religion and alcohol in the US National Alcohol Survey: how important is religion for abstention and drinking? Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007;87(2–3):268–80.PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Jamil H, Hakim-Larson J, Farrag M, Kafaji T, Jamil L, Hammad A. Medical complaints among Iraqi American refugees with mental disorders. J Immigr Health. 2005;7(3):145–52.PubMedCrossRef Jamil H, Hakim-Larson J, Farrag M, Kafaji T, Jamil L, Hammad A. Medical complaints among Iraqi American refugees with mental disorders. J Immigr Health. 2005;7(3):145–52.PubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Arfken C, Berry A, Owens D. Pathways for Arab Americans to substance abuse treatment in Southeastern Michigan. J Muslim Ment Health. 2009;4(1):31–46.CrossRef Arfken C, Berry A, Owens D. Pathways for Arab Americans to substance abuse treatment in Southeastern Michigan. J Muslim Ment Health. 2009;4(1):31–46.CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Saunders J, Aasland O, Babor T, Fuente J, Grant M. Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption-II. Addiction. 2006;88(6):791–804.CrossRef Saunders J, Aasland O, Babor T, Fuente J, Grant M. Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption-II. Addiction. 2006;88(6):791–804.CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Berry J. Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Appl Psychol. 1997;46(1):5–68. Berry J. Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Appl Psychol. 1997;46(1):5–68.
38.
go back to reference General U. Surgeon general’s call to action to prevent and reduce underage drinking. Washington, DC: Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General; 2007. General U. Surgeon general’s call to action to prevent and reduce underage drinking. Washington, DC: Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General; 2007.
39.
go back to reference El-Sayed A, Galea S. The health of Arab-Americans living in the United States: a systematic review of the literature. BMC Public Health. 2009;9(1):272.PubMedCrossRef El-Sayed A, Galea S. The health of Arab-Americans living in the United States: a systematic review of the literature. BMC Public Health. 2009;9(1):272.PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Caetano R, Clark C. Trends in alcohol consumption patterns among whites, blacks and Hispanics: 1984 and 1995. J Stud Alcohol. 1998;59(6):659-60.PubMed Caetano R, Clark C. Trends in alcohol consumption patterns among whites, blacks and Hispanics: 1984 and 1995. J Stud Alcohol. 1998;59(6):659-60.PubMed
Metadata
Title
Alcohol Use Among Arab Americans: What is the Prevalence?
Authors
Cynthia L. Arfken
Bengt B. Arnetz
Monty Fakhouri
Matthew J. Ventimiglia
Hikmet Jamil
Publication date
01-08-2011
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health / Issue 4/2011
Print ISSN: 1557-1912
Electronic ISSN: 1557-1920
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-011-9447-8

Other articles of this Issue 4/2011

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 4/2011 Go to the issue