Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Health Care Analysis 2/2008

01-06-2008 | Original Article

Who Should be Involved in Health Care Decision Making? A Qualitative Study

Authors: John McKie, Bradley Shrimpton, Rosalind Hurworth, Catherine Bell, Jeff Richardson

Published in: Health Care Analysis | Issue 2/2008

Login to get access

Abstract

Most countries appear to believe that their health system is in a state of semi-crisis with expenditures rising rapidly, with the benefits of many services unknown and with pressure from the public to ensure access to a comprehensive range of services. But whose values should inform decision-making in the health area, and should the influence of different groups vary with the level of decision-making? These questions were put to 54 members of the public and health professionals in eight focus groups. Adopting a different perspective from other studies, participants were not asked if particular groups should be involved in decisions but rather through deliberation and discussion nominated their own potential decision makers. This delivered a clear message that participants saw a legitimate role for a broad range of stakeholders in priority-setting decisions so as to incorporate a diversity of expertise and opinion. Companion themes were the acknowledgment that decisions involve ethical judgments and are not purely technical, that the power of special interest groups (such as clinicians) should be kept in check, and that the process by which decisions are reached is important. The results suggest that qualitative methods of investigation have the potential to improve the legitimacy of policy decisions by contributing to a better understanding of the values of the public and health professionals, and by expanding the range of options available for further research.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Abelson, J., Forest, P., Eyles, J., Smith, P., Martin, E., & Gauvin, F. (2003) Deliberations about deliberative methods: Issues in the design and evaluation of public participation processes. Social Science and Medicine, 57(2), 239–251.PubMedCrossRef Abelson, J., Forest, P., Eyles, J., Smith, P., Martin, E., & Gauvin, F. (2003) Deliberations about deliberative methods: Issues in the design and evaluation of public participation processes. Social Science and Medicine, 57(2), 239–251.PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Abelson, J., Lomas, J., Eyles, S., Birch, S., & Veenstra, G. (1995). Does the community want devolved authority? results of deliberative polling in Ontario. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 153(4), 403–412.PubMed Abelson, J., Lomas, J., Eyles, S., Birch, S., & Veenstra, G. (1995). Does the community want devolved authority? results of deliberative polling in Ontario. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 153(4), 403–412.PubMed
4.
go back to reference Bowling, A. (1996). Health care rationing: The public’s debate. British Medical Journal, 312(7032), 670–674.PubMed Bowling, A. (1996). Health care rationing: The public’s debate. British Medical Journal, 312(7032), 670–674.PubMed
5.
go back to reference Church, J., Saunders, D., Wanke, M., & Pong, R. (2002). Citizen participation in health decision-making: Past experience and future prospects. Journal of Public Health Policy, 23(1), 12–32.PubMedCrossRef Church, J., Saunders, D., Wanke, M., & Pong, R. (2002). Citizen participation in health decision-making: Past experience and future prospects. Journal of Public Health Policy, 23(1), 12–32.PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Frankish, J., Kwan, B., Ratner, P., Higgins, J., & Larsen, C. (2002). Challenges of citizen participation in regional health authorities. Social Science and Medicine, 54(10), 1471–1480.PubMedCrossRef Frankish, J., Kwan, B., Ratner, P., Higgins, J., & Larsen, C. (2002). Challenges of citizen participation in regional health authorities. Social Science and Medicine, 54(10), 1471–1480.PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Freeman, S. (2000). Deliberative democracy: A sympathetic comment. Philosophy and Public Affairs, 28(4), 371–418.CrossRef Freeman, S. (2000). Deliberative democracy: A sympathetic comment. Philosophy and Public Affairs, 28(4), 371–418.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Frohlich, N., & Oppenheimer, J. (1992). Choosing justice: An experimental approach to ethical theory. Berkeley: University of California Press. Frohlich, N., & Oppenheimer, J. (1992). Choosing justice: An experimental approach to ethical theory. Berkeley: University of California Press.
9.
go back to reference Gutmann, A. (1993). Democracy. In R. Goodin, P. Pettit (Eds.), A companion to contemporary political philosophy (pp. 411–421). Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Gutmann, A. (1993). Democracy. In R. Goodin, P. Pettit (Eds.), A companion to contemporary political philosophy (pp. 411–421). Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
10.
go back to reference Gutmann, A., & Thompson, D. (1996). Democracy and disagreement. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Gutmann, A., & Thompson, D. (1996). Democracy and disagreement. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
11.
go back to reference Hoppe, M., Wells, E., Morrison, D., Gilmore, M., & Wilsdon, A. (1995). Using focus groups to discuss sentitive topics with children. Evaluation Review, 19(1), 102–114.CrossRef Hoppe, M., Wells, E., Morrison, D., Gilmore, M., & Wilsdon, A. (1995). Using focus groups to discuss sentitive topics with children. Evaluation Review, 19(1), 102–114.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Hurworth, R. (1996). Qualitative methodology: Common questions about running focus groups during evaluations. Evaluation News and Comments, 5(1), 48–52. Hurworth, R. (1996). Qualitative methodology: Common questions about running focus groups during evaluations. Evaluation News and Comments, 5(1), 48–52.
13.
go back to reference Jordan, J., Dowswell, T., Harrison, S., Lilford, R., & Mort, M. (1998). Health needs-assessment: Whose priorities? Listening to users and the public. British Medical Journal, 316(7145), 1668–1670.PubMed Jordan, J., Dowswell, T., Harrison, S., Lilford, R., & Mort, M. (1998). Health needs-assessment: Whose priorities? Listening to users and the public. British Medical Journal, 316(7145), 1668–1670.PubMed
14.
go back to reference Krueger, R. (1988). Focus groups: A practical guide for applied research. London: Sage. Krueger, R. (1988). Focus groups: A practical guide for applied research. London: Sage.
15.
go back to reference Krueger, R., & Morgan, D. (1998). The focus group kit. California: Thousand Oaks. Krueger, R., & Morgan, D. (1998). The focus group kit. California: Thousand Oaks.
16.
go back to reference Lankshear, A. (1993). The use of focus groups in a study of attitudes to student nurse assessment. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 18, 1986–1989.PubMedCrossRef Lankshear, A. (1993). The use of focus groups in a study of attitudes to student nurse assessment. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 18, 1986–1989.PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Litva, A., Coast, J., Donovan, J., Eyles, J., Shepherd, M., Tacchi, J., Abelson, J., & Morgan, K. (2002). The public is too subjective: Public involvement at different levels of health-care decision-making. Social Science and Medicine, 4(12), 1825–1837. Litva, A., Coast, J., Donovan, J., Eyles, J., Shepherd, M., Tacchi, J., Abelson, J., & Morgan, K. (2002). The public is too subjective: Public involvement at different levels of health-care decision-making. Social Science and Medicine, 4(12), 1825–1837.
18.
go back to reference Miles, M., & Huberman, A. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. California: Thousand Oaks. Miles, M., & Huberman, A. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. California: Thousand Oaks.
19.
go back to reference Morgan, D. (1988). Focus groups as qualitative research. London: Sage. Morgan, D. (1988). Focus groups as qualitative research. London: Sage.
20.
go back to reference Morse, J. (2006). Advances in qualitative health research. Qualitative Health Research, 16(6), 739–740.CrossRef Morse, J. (2006). Advances in qualitative health research. Qualitative Health Research, 16(6), 739–740.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference National Academy on an Aging Society (1999). Chronic conditions—a challenge for the 21st century. Challenges for the 21st century: Chronic and disabling conditions 1, 1–6. National Academy on an Aging Society (1999). Chronic conditions—a challenge for the 21st century. Challenges for the 21st century: Chronic and disabling conditions 1, 1–6.
22.
go back to reference Pettit, P. (1997). Republicanism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pettit, P. (1997). Republicanism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
23.
go back to reference Pigden, C. (1989). Logic and the autonomy of ethics. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 67(2), 127–151.CrossRef Pigden, C. (1989). Logic and the autonomy of ethics. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 67(2), 127–151.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Powell, R., & Single, H. (1996). Focus groups. International Journal of Quality in Health Care, 8(5), 499–504.CrossRef Powell, R., & Single, H. (1996). Focus groups. International Journal of Quality in Health Care, 8(5), 499–504.CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Productivity Commission (2005). Economic implications of an ageing Australia. Research Report, Canberra. Productivity Commission (2005). Economic implications of an ageing Australia. Research Report, Canberra.
26.
go back to reference Richardson J. (2002) Age weighting and time discounting: Technical imperatives versus social choice. In C. Murray, J. Salomon, C. Mathers, A. Lopez (Eds.), Summary measures of population health: Concepts, ethics, measurement and applications (pp. 663–76). Geneva: World Health Organisation. Richardson J. (2002) Age weighting and time discounting: Technical imperatives versus social choice. In C. Murray, J. Salomon, C. Mathers, A. Lopez (Eds.), Summary measures of population health: Concepts, ethics, measurement and applications (pp. 663–76). Geneva: World Health Organisation.
27.
go back to reference Richardson, A., Charny, M., & Hanmer-Lloyd, S. (1992). Public-opinion and purchasing. British Medical Journal, 304(6828), 680–684.PubMedCrossRef Richardson, A., Charny, M., & Hanmer-Lloyd, S. (1992). Public-opinion and purchasing. British Medical Journal, 304(6828), 680–684.PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Singer P. (1988) Ethical experts in a democracy. In: Rosenthal D, Shehadi F, (Eds.), Applied ethics and ethical theory (pp. 149–161). Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. Singer P. (1988) Ethical experts in a democracy. In: Rosenthal D, Shehadi F, (Eds.), Applied ethics and ethical theory (pp. 149–161). Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
29.
go back to reference Stronks, K., Strijbis, M., Wendte, J., & Gunning-Schepers, L. (1997). Who should decide? qualitative analysis of panel data from public, patients, healthcare professionals, and insurers on priorities in health care. British Medical Journal, 315(7100), 92–96.PubMed Stronks, K., Strijbis, M., Wendte, J., & Gunning-Schepers, L. (1997). Who should decide? qualitative analysis of panel data from public, patients, healthcare professionals, and insurers on priorities in health care. British Medical Journal, 315(7100), 92–96.PubMed
30.
go back to reference Thompson, J. (1998). Discourse and knowledge: Defence of a collectivist ethics. London and New York: Routledge. Thompson, J. (1998). Discourse and knowledge: Defence of a collectivist ethics. London and New York: Routledge.
31.
go back to reference Torgenson, D., & Gosden, T. (2000). Priority setting in health care: Should we ask the tax payer? British Medical Journal, 320(7250), 1699. Torgenson, D., & Gosden, T. (2000). Priority setting in health care: Should we ask the tax payer? British Medical Journal, 320(7250), 1699.
32.
go back to reference Wailoo, A., & Anand, P. (2005). The nature of procedural preferences for health-care rationing decisions. Social Sciences and Medicine, 60(2), 223–236.CrossRef Wailoo, A., & Anand, P. (2005). The nature of procedural preferences for health-care rationing decisions. Social Sciences and Medicine, 60(2), 223–236.CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Weale A. (2003). Democratic values, public consultation and health priorities: A political science perspective. In A. Oliver (Ed.), Equity in health and healthcare (pp. 41–51). London: The Nuffield Trust. Weale A. (2003). Democratic values, public consultation and health priorities: A political science perspective. In A. Oliver (Ed.), Equity in health and healthcare (pp. 41–51). London: The Nuffield Trust.
34.
go back to reference White D. (2000) Consumer and community participation: A reassessment of process, impact and value. In G. Albrecht, R. Fitzpatrick, S. Scrimshaw (Eds.) Handbook of social studies in health and medicine (pp. 465–480). London: Sage. White D. (2000) Consumer and community participation: A reassessment of process, impact and value. In G. Albrecht, R. Fitzpatrick, S. Scrimshaw (Eds.) Handbook of social studies in health and medicine (pp. 465–480). London: Sage.
35.
go back to reference Wiseman, V. (2005). Comparing the preferences of health professionals and members of the public for setting healthcare priorities—experiences from Australia. Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, 4(2), 129–137.PubMedCrossRef Wiseman, V. (2005). Comparing the preferences of health professionals and members of the public for setting healthcare priorities—experiences from Australia. Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, 4(2), 129–137.PubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Wiseman, V., Mooney, G., Berry, G., & Tang, K. (2004). Involving the general public in priority setting: Experiences from Australia. Social Sciences and Medicine, 56(5), 1001–1012.CrossRef Wiseman, V., Mooney, G., Berry, G., & Tang, K. (2004). Involving the general public in priority setting: Experiences from Australia. Social Sciences and Medicine, 56(5), 1001–1012.CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Wroe, D., & Wood, L. (2005) This 50-year old takes pills worth $25,000 a year. As his generation grows old, a massive health crisis looms. The Age, p. 14. Wroe, D., & Wood, L. (2005) This 50-year old takes pills worth $25,000 a year. As his generation grows old, a massive health crisis looms. The Age, p. 14.
38.
go back to reference Zweifel, P., & Breyer, F. (1997). Health economics. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press. Zweifel, P., & Breyer, F. (1997). Health economics. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Metadata
Title
Who Should be Involved in Health Care Decision Making? A Qualitative Study
Authors
John McKie
Bradley Shrimpton
Rosalind Hurworth
Catherine Bell
Jeff Richardson
Publication date
01-06-2008
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Health Care Analysis / Issue 2/2008
Print ISSN: 1065-3058
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3394
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10728-007-0051-y

Other articles of this Issue 2/2008

Health Care Analysis 2/2008 Go to the issue

Original Article

Well-Being and Health