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Digestive Diseases and Sciences

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01-05-2017 | Review

Novel Indications for Fecal Microbial Transplantation: Update and Review of the Literature

Authors: Nathaniel Aviv Cohen, Nitsan Maharshak

Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences | Issue 5/2017

Abstract

Background and Aims

Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is an established successful treatment modality for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The safety profile and potential therapeutic advantages of FMT for diseases associated with dysbiosis and immune dysfunction have led to many publications, mainly case series, and while many studies and reviews have been published on the use of FMT for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), its potential use for other disease conditions has not been thoroughly reviewed. The aim of this review was to investigate the evidence surrounding the use of FMT in conditions other than IBD and CDI.

Methods

A PubMed search was performed using the terms “Fecal microbiota transplantation” OR “FMT” OR “Bacteriotherapy.”

Results

A total of 26 articles describing the use of FMT in a variety of both intra-and extraintestinal disease conditions including gastrointestinal, hematologic, neurologic, metabolic, infectious, and autoimmune disorders have been included in this review and have demonstrated some positive results. The studies included were case reports, case series, controlled trials, and cohort studies.

Conclusions

The findings of these studies demonstrate that FMT, particularly in conditions associated with gastrointestinal dysbiosis, shows promise to provide another effective tool in the therapeutic armament of the practicing physician. FMT was found to be possibly effective in various diseases, mostly associated with enteric dysbiosis or with immune dysfunction. Randomized clinical studies on large populations should be performed to explore the effectiveness of this therapy, and basic research studies should be designed to gain understanding of the mechanisms through which impact these disorders.

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Title: Novel Indications for Fecal Microbial Transplantation: Update and Review of the Literature
Authors: Nathaniel Aviv Cohen
Nitsan Maharshak
Publication date: 01-05-2017
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences / Issue 5/2017
Print ISSN: 0163-2116
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2568
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-017-4535-9

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