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Cancer Causes & Control
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control 6/2015

01-06-2015 | Original paper

Macronutrient intake and stomach cancer

Authors: Jinfu Hu, Carlo La Vecchia, Eva Negri, Margaret de Groh, Howard Morrison, Les Mery, The Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 6/2015

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Abstract

Purpose

This study examines the association between intake of selected macronutrients and the risk of stomach cancer in a Northern American population.

Methods

Mailed questionnaires were completed between 1994 and 1997 in eight Canadian provinces by 1,181 incident, histologically confirmed cases of stomach cancer and 5,039 population controls. Information on nutrient intake was obtained using a food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were derived through unconditional logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders, including an estimate of total energy intake.

Results

Intakes of total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol were significantly associated with the risk of stomach cancer: The ORs for the highest versus the lowest quartile were 1.58 (95 % CI 1.13–2.20), 1.86 (95 % CI 1.37–2.52), and 1.75 (95 % CI 1.36–2.25), respectively. Total fiber was inversely associated with stomach cancer (p = 0.03). The positive associations with intake of total fat and saturated fat were apparently stronger in women, overweight or obese subjects, and ever smokers. Saturated fat was specifically associated with increased risk of gastric cardia cancer, with an OR of 3.31 (95 % CI 1.48–7.43).

Conclusions

A diet high in saturated fat appears to increase the risk of stomach cancer, particularly among obese subjects and for gastric cardia cancer.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Macronutrient intake and stomach cancer
Authors
Jinfu Hu
Carlo La Vecchia
Eva Negri
Margaret de Groh
Howard Morrison
Les Mery
The Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group
Publication date
01-06-2015
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 6/2015
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-015-0557-9

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