Obesity, diabetes, and exercise associated with sleep-related complaints in the American population

go back to reference American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Winkelman JW, Kotagal S, Olson CM, Scammell T, Schenck C, Spielman A (2006) The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 2nd edn. American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Westchester American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Winkelman JW, Kotagal S, Olson CM, Scammell T, Schenck C, Spielman A (2006) The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 2nd edn. American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Westchester

go back to reference Barf RP, Meerlo P, Scheurink AJ (2010) Chronic sleep disturbance impairs glucose homeostasis in rats. Int J Endocrinol 2010:819414PubMed Barf RP, Meerlo P, Scheurink AJ (2010) Chronic sleep disturbance impairs glucose homeostasis in rats. Int J Endocrinol 2010:819414PubMed

go back to reference Barone MT, Menna-Barreto L (2010) Diabetes and sleep: a complex cause-and-effect relationship. Diabetes Res Clin Pract Barone MT, Menna-Barreto L (2010) Diabetes and sleep: a complex cause-and-effect relationship. Diabetes Res Clin Pract

go back to reference Beihl DA, Liese AD, Haffner SM (2009) Sleep duration as a risk factor for incident type 2 diabetes in a multiethnic cohort. Ann Epidemiol 19(5):351–357PubMedCrossRef Beihl DA, Liese AD, Haffner SM (2009) Sleep duration as a risk factor for incident type 2 diabetes in a multiethnic cohort. Ann Epidemiol 19(5):351–357PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Bopparaju S, Surani S (2010) Sleep and diabetes. Int J Endocrinol 2010:759509PubMed Bopparaju S, Surani S (2010) Sleep and diabetes. Int J Endocrinol 2010:759509PubMed

go back to reference Brand S, Gerber M, Beck J, Hatzinger M, Pühse U, Holsboer-Trachsler E (2010) High exercise levels are related to favorable sleep patterns and psychological functioning in adolescents: a comparison of athletes and controls. J Adolesc Health 46(2):133–141PubMedCrossRef Brand S, Gerber M, Beck J, Hatzinger M, Pühse U, Holsboer-Trachsler E (2010) High exercise levels are related to favorable sleep patterns and psychological functioning in adolescents: a comparison of athletes and controls. J Adolesc Health 46(2):133–141PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Buxton OM, Pavlova M, Reid EW, Wang W, Simonson DC, Adler GK (2010) Sleep restriction for 1 week reduces insulin sensitivity in healthy men. Diabetes 59(9):2126–2133PubMedCrossRef Buxton OM, Pavlova M, Reid EW, Wang W, Simonson DC, Adler GK (2010) Sleep restriction for 1 week reduces insulin sensitivity in healthy men. Diabetes 59(9):2126–2133PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Cappuccio FP, Stranges S, Kandala NB, Miller MA, Taggart FM, Kumari M, Ferrie JE, Shipley MJ, Brunner EJ, Marmot MG (2007) Gender-specific associations of short sleep duration with prevalent and incident hypertension: the Whitehall II Study. Hypertension 50(4):693–700PubMedCrossRef Cappuccio FP, Stranges S, Kandala NB, Miller MA, Taggart FM, Kumari M, Ferrie JE, Shipley MJ, Brunner EJ, Marmot MG (2007) Gender-specific associations of short sleep duration with prevalent and incident hypertension: the Whitehall II Study. Hypertension 50(4):693–700PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Cappuccio FP, Taggart FM, Kandala NB, Currie A, Peile E, Stranges S, Miller MA (2008) Meta-analysis of short sleep duration and obesity in children and adults. Sleep 31(5):619–626PubMed Cappuccio FP, Taggart FM, Kandala NB, Currie A, Peile E, Stranges S, Miller MA (2008) Meta-analysis of short sleep duration and obesity in children and adults. Sleep 31(5):619–626PubMed

go back to reference Celen YT, Hedner J, Carlson J, Peker Y (2010) Impact of gender on incident diabetes mellitus in obstructive sleep apnea: a 16-year follow-up. J Clin Sleep Med 6(3):244–250PubMed Celen YT, Hedner J, Carlson J, Peker Y (2010) Impact of gender on incident diabetes mellitus in obstructive sleep apnea: a 16-year follow-up. J Clin Sleep Med 6(3):244–250PubMed

go back to reference Centers for Disease Control (2007) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta Centers for Disease Control (2007) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta

go back to reference Chaput JP, Després JP, Bouchard C, Tremblay A (2007) Short sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin levels and increased adiposity: results from the Quebec family study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 15(1):253–261CrossRef Chaput JP, Després JP, Bouchard C, Tremblay A (2007) Short sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin levels and increased adiposity: results from the Quebec family study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 15(1):253–261CrossRef

go back to reference Chaput JP, Després JP, Bouchard C, Astrup A, Tremblay A (2009a) Sleep duration as a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance: analyses of the Quebec Family Study. Sleep Med 10:919–924PubMedCrossRef Chaput JP, Després JP, Bouchard C, Astrup A, Tremblay A (2009a) Sleep duration as a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance: analyses of the Quebec Family Study. Sleep Med 10:919–924PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Chaput JP, Leblanc C, Pérusse L, Després JP, Bouchard C, Tremblay A (2009b) Risk factors for adult overweight and obesity in the Quebec Family Study: have we been barking up the wrong tree? Obesity (Silver Spring) 17:1964–1970CrossRef Chaput JP, Leblanc C, Pérusse L, Després JP, Bouchard C, Tremblay A (2009b) Risk factors for adult overweight and obesity in the Quebec Family Study: have we been barking up the wrong tree? Obesity (Silver Spring) 17:1964–1970CrossRef

go back to reference Cole JC, Dubois D, Kosinski M (2007) Use of patient-reported sleep measures in clinical trials of pain treatment: a literature review and synthesis of current sleep measures and a conceptual model of sleep disturbance in pain. Clin Ther 29(Suppl):2580–2588PubMedCrossRef Cole JC, Dubois D, Kosinski M (2007) Use of patient-reported sleep measures in clinical trials of pain treatment: a literature review and synthesis of current sleep measures and a conceptual model of sleep disturbance in pain. Clin Ther 29(Suppl):2580–2588PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Colten HR, Altevogt BM, Institute of Medicine Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research (2006) Sleep disorders and sleep deprivation: an unmet public health problem. Institute of Medicine. National Academies Press, Washington Colten HR, Altevogt BM, Institute of Medicine Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research (2006) Sleep disorders and sleep deprivation: an unmet public health problem. Institute of Medicine. National Academies Press, Washington

go back to reference Copinschi G (2005) Metabolic and endocrine effects of sleep deprivation. Essent Psychopharmacol 6(6):341–347PubMed Copinschi G (2005) Metabolic and endocrine effects of sleep deprivation. Essent Psychopharmacol 6(6):341–347PubMed

go back to reference Di Milia L, Mummery K (2009) The association between job related factors, short sleep and obesity. Ind Health 47(4):363–368PubMedCrossRef Di Milia L, Mummery K (2009) The association between job related factors, short sleep and obesity. Ind Health 47(4):363–368PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Eastwood PR, Malhotra A, Palmer LJ, Kezirian EJ, Horner RL, Ip MS, Thurnheer R, Antic NA, Hillman DR (2010) Obstructive sleep apnoea: from pathogenesis to treatment: current controversies and future directions. Respirology 15:587–595 Eastwood PR, Malhotra A, Palmer LJ, Kezirian EJ, Horner RL, Ip MS, Thurnheer R, Antic NA, Hillman DR (2010) Obstructive sleep apnoea: from pathogenesis to treatment: current controversies and future directions. Respirology 15:587–595

go back to reference Fairley TL, Hawk H, Pierre S (2010) Health behaviors and quality of life of cancer survivors in Massachusetts, 2006: data use for comprehensive cancer control. Prev Chronic Dis 7(1):A09PubMed Fairley TL, Hawk H, Pierre S (2010) Health behaviors and quality of life of cancer survivors in Massachusetts, 2006: data use for comprehensive cancer control. Prev Chronic Dis 7(1):A09PubMed

go back to reference Gallicchio L, Kalesan B (2009) Sleep duration and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sleep Res 18(2):148–158PubMedCrossRef Gallicchio L, Kalesan B (2009) Sleep duration and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sleep Res 18(2):148–158PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Gangwisch JE (2009) Epidemiological evidence for the links between sleep, circadian rhythms and metabolism. Obes Rev 10(Suppl 2):37–45PubMedCrossRef Gangwisch JE (2009) Epidemiological evidence for the links between sleep, circadian rhythms and metabolism. Obes Rev 10(Suppl 2):37–45PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Gangwisch JE, Heymsfield SB, Boden-Albala B, Buijs RM, Kreier F, Pickering TG, Rundle AG, Zammit GK, Malaspina D (2007) Sleep duration as a risk factor for diabetes incidence in a large U.S. sample. Sleep 30(12):1667–1673PubMed Gangwisch JE, Heymsfield SB, Boden-Albala B, Buijs RM, Kreier F, Pickering TG, Rundle AG, Zammit GK, Malaspina D (2007) Sleep duration as a risk factor for diabetes incidence in a large U.S. sample. Sleep 30(12):1667–1673PubMed

go back to reference Gangwisch JE, Malaspina D, Babiss LA, Opler MG, Posner K, Shen S, Turner JB, Zammit GK, Ginsberg HN (2010) Short sleep duration as a risk factor for hypercholesterolemia: analyses of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Sleep 33(7):956–961PubMed Gangwisch JE, Malaspina D, Babiss LA, Opler MG, Posner K, Shen S, Turner JB, Zammit GK, Ginsberg HN (2010) Short sleep duration as a risk factor for hypercholesterolemia: analyses of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Sleep 33(7):956–961PubMed

go back to reference Gerber M, Brand S, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Pühse U (2010) Fitness and exercise as correlates of sleep complaints: is it all in our minds? Med Sci Sports Exerc 42:893–901 Gerber M, Brand S, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Pühse U (2010) Fitness and exercise as correlates of sleep complaints: is it all in our minds? Med Sci Sports Exerc 42:893–901

go back to reference Gimble JM, Bray MS, Young A (2009) Circadian biology and sleep: missing links in obesity and metabolism? Obes Rev 10(Suppl 2):1–5PubMedCrossRef Gimble JM, Bray MS, Young A (2009) Circadian biology and sleep: missing links in obesity and metabolism? Obes Rev 10(Suppl 2):1–5PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Grandner MA, Patel NP (2009) From sleep duration to mortality: implications of meta-analysis and future directions. J Sleep Res 18(2):145–147PubMedCrossRef Grandner MA, Patel NP (2009) From sleep duration to mortality: implications of meta-analysis and future directions. J Sleep Res 18(2):145–147PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Grandner MA, Kripke DF, Yoon IY, Youngstedt SD (2006) Criterion validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: investigation in a non-clinical sample. Sleep Biol Rhythms 4:129–136CrossRef Grandner MA, Kripke DF, Yoon IY, Youngstedt SD (2006) Criterion validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: investigation in a non-clinical sample. Sleep Biol Rhythms 4:129–136CrossRef

go back to reference Grandner MA, Patel NP, Gehrman PR, Xie D, Sha D, Weaver T, Gooneratne N (2009) Who sleeps better? Socioeconomic differences in reports of sleep disturbance. Sleep 32 (Abstract Supplement):A422–A423 Grandner MA, Patel NP, Gehrman PR, Xie D, Sha D, Weaver T, Gooneratne N (2009) Who sleeps better? Socioeconomic differences in reports of sleep disturbance. Sleep 32 (Abstract Supplement):A422–A423

go back to reference Grandner MA, Kripke DF, Naidoo N, Langer RD (2010a) Relationships among dietary nutrients and subjective sleep, objective sleep, and napping in women. Sleep Med 11(2):180–184PubMedCrossRef Grandner MA, Kripke DF, Naidoo N, Langer RD (2010a) Relationships among dietary nutrients and subjective sleep, objective sleep, and napping in women. Sleep Med 11(2):180–184PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Grandner MA, Patel NP, Gehrman PR, Perlis ML, Pack AI (2010b) Problems associated with short sleep: bridging the gap between laboratory and epidemiological studies. Sleep Med Rev 14:239–247CrossRef Grandner MA, Patel NP, Gehrman PR, Perlis ML, Pack AI (2010b) Problems associated with short sleep: bridging the gap between laboratory and epidemiological studies. Sleep Med Rev 14:239–247CrossRef

go back to reference Grandner MA, Patel NP, Gehrman PR, Xie D, Sha D, Weaver T, Gooneratne N (2010c) Who gets the best sleep? Ethnic and socioeconomic factors related to sleep complaints. Sleep Med 11:470–479PubMedCrossRef Grandner MA, Patel NP, Gehrman PR, Xie D, Sha D, Weaver T, Gooneratne N (2010c) Who gets the best sleep? Ethnic and socioeconomic factors related to sleep complaints. Sleep Med 11:470–479PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Grandner MA, Patel NP, Hale L, Moore M (2010d) Mortality associated with sleep duration: the evidence, the possible mechanisms, and the future. Sleep Med Rev 14:191–203PubMedCrossRef Grandner MA, Patel NP, Hale L, Moore M (2010d) Mortality associated with sleep duration: the evidence, the possible mechanisms, and the future. Sleep Med Rev 14:191–203PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Hall MH, Muldoon MF, Jennings JR, Buysse DJ, Flory JD, Manuck SB (2008) Self-reported sleep duration is associated with the metabolic syndrome in midlife adults. Sleep 31(5):635–643PubMed Hall MH, Muldoon MF, Jennings JR, Buysse DJ, Flory JD, Manuck SB (2008) Self-reported sleep duration is associated with the metabolic syndrome in midlife adults. Sleep 31(5):635–643PubMed

go back to reference Heo M, Pietrobelli A, Wang D, Heymsfield SB, Faith MS (2010) Obesity and functional impairment: influence of comorbidity, joint pain, and mental health. Obesity (Silver Spring) 18:2030–2038 Heo M, Pietrobelli A, Wang D, Heymsfield SB, Faith MS (2010) Obesity and functional impairment: influence of comorbidity, joint pain, and mental health. Obesity (Silver Spring) 18:2030–2038

go back to reference Hubácek JA (2009) Eat less and exercise more—is it really enough to knock down the obesity pandemia? Physiol Res 58(Suppl 1):S1–S6PubMed Hubácek JA (2009) Eat less and exercise more—is it really enough to knock down the obesity pandemia? Physiol Res 58(Suppl 1):S1–S6PubMed

go back to reference Idris I, Hall AP, O’Reilly J, Barnett A, Allen M, Andrews R, Grunstein P, Lewis K, Goenka N, Wilding JP (2009) Obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with type 2 diabetes: aetiology and implications for clinical care. Diabetes Obes Metab 11:733–741 Idris I, Hall AP, O’Reilly J, Barnett A, Allen M, Andrews R, Grunstein P, Lewis K, Goenka N, Wilding JP (2009) Obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with type 2 diabetes: aetiology and implications for clinical care. Diabetes Obes Metab 11:733–741

go back to reference Irwin M (2002) Effects of sleep and sleep loss on immunity and cytokines. Brain Behav Immun 16(5):503–512PubMedCrossRef Irwin M (2002) Effects of sleep and sleep loss on immunity and cytokines. Brain Behav Immun 16(5):503–512PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Jain S, Mills PJ (2007) Cytokines, chronic stress, and fatigue. In: Fink G (ed) Encyclopedia of stress, vol 1, 2nd edn. Academic, Oxford, pp 698–704CrossRef Jain S, Mills PJ (2007) Cytokines, chronic stress, and fatigue. In: Fink G (ed) Encyclopedia of stress, vol 1, 2nd edn. Academic, Oxford, pp 698–704CrossRef

go back to reference Jia H, Lubetkin EI (2010) Trends in quality-adjusted life-years lost contributed by smoking and obesity. Am J Prev Med 38(2):138–144PubMedCrossRef Jia H, Lubetkin EI (2010) Trends in quality-adjusted life-years lost contributed by smoking and obesity. Am J Prev Med 38(2):138–144PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Kaneita Y, Uchiyama M, Yoshiike N, Ohida T (2008) Associations of usual sleep duration with serum lipid and lipoprotein levels. Sleep 31(5):645–652PubMed Kaneita Y, Uchiyama M, Yoshiike N, Ohida T (2008) Associations of usual sleep duration with serum lipid and lipoprotein levels. Sleep 31(5):645–652PubMed

go back to reference Knutson KL, Van Cauter E (2008) Associations between sleep loss and increased risk of obesity and diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129:287–304PubMedCrossRef Knutson KL, Van Cauter E (2008) Associations between sleep loss and increased risk of obesity and diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129:287–304PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Knutson KL, Ryden AM, Mander BA, Van Cauter E (2006) Role of sleep duration and quality in the risk and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med 166(16):1768–1774PubMedCrossRef Knutson KL, Ryden AM, Mander BA, Van Cauter E (2006) Role of sleep duration and quality in the risk and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med 166(16):1768–1774PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Knutson KL, Spiegel K, Penev P, Van Cauter E (2007) The metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation. Sleep Med Rev 11(3):163–178PubMedCrossRef Knutson KL, Spiegel K, Penev P, Van Cauter E (2007) The metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation. Sleep Med Rev 11(3):163–178PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Kripke DF, Garfinkel L, Wingard DL, Klauber MR, Marler MR (2002) Mortality associated with sleep duration and insomnia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59(2):131–136PubMedCrossRef Kripke DF, Garfinkel L, Wingard DL, Klauber MR, Marler MR (2002) Mortality associated with sleep duration and insomnia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59(2):131–136PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Lam KB, Jiang CQ, Thomas GN, Arora T, Zhang WS, Taheri S, Adab P, Lam TH, Cheng KK (2010) Napping is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Sleep 33(3):402–407PubMed Lam KB, Jiang CQ, Thomas GN, Arora T, Zhang WS, Taheri S, Adab P, Lam TH, Cheng KK (2010) Napping is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Sleep 33(3):402–407PubMed

go back to reference Lauderdale DS, Knutson KL, Yan LL, Liu K, Rathouz PJ (2008) Self-reported and measured sleep duration: how similar are they? Epidemiology 19(6):838–845PubMedCrossRef Lauderdale DS, Knutson KL, Yan LL, Liu K, Rathouz PJ (2008) Self-reported and measured sleep duration: how similar are they? Epidemiology 19(6):838–845PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Lauderdale DS, Knutson KL, Rathouz PJ, Yan LL, Hulley SB, Liu K (2009) Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between objectively measured sleep duration and body mass index: the CARDIA Sleep Study. Am J Epidemiol 170:805–813 Lauderdale DS, Knutson KL, Rathouz PJ, Yan LL, Hulley SB, Liu K (2009) Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between objectively measured sleep duration and body mass index: the CARDIA Sleep Study. Am J Epidemiol 170:805–813

go back to reference Leow MK (2010) Obstructive sleep apnoea and the orexigenic pathway in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 53(8):1807–1808PubMedCrossRef Leow MK (2010) Obstructive sleep apnoea and the orexigenic pathway in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 53(8):1807–1808PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Lévy P, Bonsignore MR, Eckel J (2009) Sleep, sleep-disordered breathing and metabolic consequences. Eur Respir J 34(1):243–260PubMedCrossRef Lévy P, Bonsignore MR, Eckel J (2009) Sleep, sleep-disordered breathing and metabolic consequences. Eur Respir J 34(1):243–260PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Lindström J, Neumann A, Sheppard KE, Gilis-Januszewska A, Greaves CJ, Handke U, Pajunen P, Puhl S, Pölönen A, Rissanen A, Roden M, Stemper T, Telle-Hjellset V, Tuomilehto J, Velickiene D, Schwarz PE, Acosta T, Adler M, AlKerwi A, Barengo N, Barengo R, Boavida JM, Charlesworth K, Christov V, Claussen B, Cos X, Cosson E, Deceukelier S, Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic V, Djordjevic P, Evans P, Felton AM, Fischer M, Gabriel-Sanchez R, Goldfracht M, Gomez JL, Hall M, Hauner H, Herbst J, Hermanns N, Herrebrugh L, Huber C, Hühmer U, Huttunen J, Jotic A, Kamenov Z, Karadeniz S, Katsilambros N, Khalangot M, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Köhler D, Kopp V, Kronsbein P, Kulzer B, Kyne-Grzebalski D, Lalic K, Lalic N, Landgraf R, Lee-Barkey YH, Liatis S, Makrilakis K, McIntosh C, McKee M, Mesquita AC, Misina D, Muylle F, Paiva AC, Paulweber B, Peltonen M, Perrenoud L, Pfeiffer A, Raposo F, Reinehr T, Robinson C, Rothe U, Saaristo T, Scholl J, Spiers S, Stratmann B, Szendroedi J, Szybinski Z, Tankova T, Terry G, Tolks D, Toti F, Undeutsch A, Valadas C, Valensi P, Vermunt P, Weiss R, Wens J, Yilmaz T (2010) Take action to prevent diabetes–the IMAGE toolkit for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in Europe. Horm Metab Res 42(Suppl 1):S37–S55PubMedCrossRef Lindström J, Neumann A, Sheppard KE, Gilis-Januszewska A, Greaves CJ, Handke U, Pajunen P, Puhl S, Pölönen A, Rissanen A, Roden M, Stemper T, Telle-Hjellset V, Tuomilehto J, Velickiene D, Schwarz PE, Acosta T, Adler M, AlKerwi A, Barengo N, Barengo R, Boavida JM, Charlesworth K, Christov V, Claussen B, Cos X, Cosson E, Deceukelier S, Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic V, Djordjevic P, Evans P, Felton AM, Fischer M, Gabriel-Sanchez R, Goldfracht M, Gomez JL, Hall M, Hauner H, Herbst J, Hermanns N, Herrebrugh L, Huber C, Hühmer U, Huttunen J, Jotic A, Kamenov Z, Karadeniz S, Katsilambros N, Khalangot M, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Köhler D, Kopp V, Kronsbein P, Kulzer B, Kyne-Grzebalski D, Lalic K, Lalic N, Landgraf R, Lee-Barkey YH, Liatis S, Makrilakis K, McIntosh C, McKee M, Mesquita AC, Misina D, Muylle F, Paiva AC, Paulweber B, Peltonen M, Perrenoud L, Pfeiffer A, Raposo F, Reinehr T, Robinson C, Rothe U, Saaristo T, Scholl J, Spiers S, Stratmann B, Szendroedi J, Szybinski Z, Tankova T, Terry G, Tolks D, Toti F, Undeutsch A, Valadas C, Valensi P, Vermunt P, Weiss R, Wens J, Yilmaz T (2010) Take action to prevent diabetes–the IMAGE toolkit for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in Europe. Horm Metab Res 42(Suppl 1):S37–S55PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Littman AJ, Vitiello MV, Foster-Schubert K, Ulrich CM, Tworoger SS, Potter JD, Weigle DS, McTiernan A (2007) Sleep, ghrelin, leptin and changes in body weight during a 1-year moderate-intensity physical activity intervention. Int J Obes (Lond) 31(3):466–475CrossRef Littman AJ, Vitiello MV, Foster-Schubert K, Ulrich CM, Tworoger SS, Potter JD, Weigle DS, McTiernan A (2007) Sleep, ghrelin, leptin and changes in body weight during a 1-year moderate-intensity physical activity intervention. Int J Obes (Lond) 31(3):466–475CrossRef

go back to reference Lui MM, Ip MS (2010) Disorders of glucose metabolism in sleep-disordered breathing. Clin Chest Med 31(2):271–285PubMedCrossRef Lui MM, Ip MS (2010) Disorders of glucose metabolism in sleep-disordered breathing. Clin Chest Med 31(2):271–285PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Macfarlane DJ, Thomas N (2010) Exercise and diet in weight management: updating what works. Br J Sports Med 44:1197–1201 Macfarlane DJ, Thomas N (2010) Exercise and diet in weight management: updating what works. Br J Sports Med 44:1197–1201

go back to reference Mackiewicz M, Shockley KR, Romer MA, Galante RJ, Zimmerman JE, Naidoo N, Baldwin DA, Jensen ST, Churchill GA, Pack AI (2007) Macromolecule biosynthesis: a key function of sleep. Physiol Genomics 31(3):441–457PubMedCrossRef Mackiewicz M, Shockley KR, Romer MA, Galante RJ, Zimmerman JE, Naidoo N, Baldwin DA, Jensen ST, Churchill GA, Pack AI (2007) Macromolecule biosynthesis: a key function of sleep. Physiol Genomics 31(3):441–457PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Mackiewicz M, Naidoo N, Zimmerman JE, Pack AI (2008) Molecular mechanisms of sleep and wakefulness. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129:335–349PubMedCrossRef Mackiewicz M, Naidoo N, Zimmerman JE, Pack AI (2008) Molecular mechanisms of sleep and wakefulness. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129:335–349PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Meier-Ewert HK, Ridker PM, Rifai N, Regan MM, Price NJ, Dinges DF, Mullington JM (2004) Effect of sleep loss on C-reactive protein, an inflammatory marker of cardiovascular risk. J Am Coll Cardiol 43(4):678–683PubMedCrossRef Meier-Ewert HK, Ridker PM, Rifai N, Regan MM, Price NJ, Dinges DF, Mullington JM (2004) Effect of sleep loss on C-reactive protein, an inflammatory marker of cardiovascular risk. J Am Coll Cardiol 43(4):678–683PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Mullington JM, Haack M, Toth M, Serrador JM, Meier-Ewert HK (2009) Cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 51(4):294–302PubMedCrossRef Mullington JM, Haack M, Toth M, Serrador JM, Meier-Ewert HK (2009) Cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 51(4):294–302PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Must A, Parisi SM (2009) Sedentary behavior and sleep: paradoxical effects in association with childhood obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 33(Suppl 1):S82–S86CrossRef Must A, Parisi SM (2009) Sedentary behavior and sleep: paradoxical effects in association with childhood obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 33(Suppl 1):S82–S86CrossRef

go back to reference Nedeltcheva AV, Kilkus JM, Imperial J, Kasza K, Schoeller DA, Penev PD (2009) Sleep curtailment is accompanied by increased intake of calories from snacks. Am J Clin Nutr 89(1):126–133PubMedCrossRef Nedeltcheva AV, Kilkus JM, Imperial J, Kasza K, Schoeller DA, Penev PD (2009) Sleep curtailment is accompanied by increased intake of calories from snacks. Am J Clin Nutr 89(1):126–133PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Okun ML, Coussons-Read M, Hall M (2009) Disturbed sleep is associated with increased C-reactive protein in young women. Brain Behav Immun 23(3):351–354PubMedCrossRef Okun ML, Coussons-Read M, Hall M (2009) Disturbed sleep is associated with increased C-reactive protein in young women. Brain Behav Immun 23(3):351–354PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Oliver SJ, Costa RJ, Laing SJ, Bilzon JL, Walsh NP (2009) One night of sleep deprivation decreases treadmill endurance performance. Eur J Appl Physiol 107:155–161 Oliver SJ, Costa RJ, Laing SJ, Bilzon JL, Walsh NP (2009) One night of sleep deprivation decreases treadmill endurance performance. Eur J Appl Physiol 107:155–161

go back to reference Opp MR, Born J, Irwin MR (2007) Sleep and the immune system. In: Ader R (ed) Psychoneuroimmunology, 4th edn. Elsevier, Burlington, pp 579–618CrossRef Opp MR, Born J, Irwin MR (2007) Sleep and the immune system. In: Ader R (ed) Psychoneuroimmunology, 4th edn. Elsevier, Burlington, pp 579–618CrossRef

go back to reference Patel SR, Blackwell T, Redline S, Ancoli-Israel S, Cauley JA, Hillier TA, Lewis CE, Orwoll ES, Stefanick ML, Taylor BC, Yaffe K, Stone KL (2008) The association between sleep duration and obesity in older adults. Int J Obes (Lond) 32:1825–1834 Patel SR, Blackwell T, Redline S, Ancoli-Israel S, Cauley JA, Hillier TA, Lewis CE, Orwoll ES, Stefanick ML, Taylor BC, Yaffe K, Stone KL (2008) The association between sleep duration and obesity in older adults. Int J Obes (Lond) 32:1825–1834

go back to reference Perlis ML, Swinkels CM, Gehrman PR, Pigeon WR, Matteson-Rusby SE, Jungquist CR (2010) The incidence and temporal patterning of insomnia: a pilot study. J Sleep Res 19:31–35 Perlis ML, Swinkels CM, Gehrman PR, Pigeon WR, Matteson-Rusby SE, Jungquist CR (2010) The incidence and temporal patterning of insomnia: a pilot study. J Sleep Res 19:31–35

go back to reference Punjabi NM (2009) Do sleep disorders and associated treatments impact glucose metabolism? Drugs 69(Suppl 2):13–27PubMedCrossRef Punjabi NM (2009) Do sleep disorders and associated treatments impact glucose metabolism? Drugs 69(Suppl 2):13–27PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Reynolds CF 3rd, Serody L, Okun ML, Hall M, Houck PR, Patrick S, Maurer J, Bensasi S, Mazumdar S, Bell B, Nebes RD, Miller MD, Dew MA, Nofzinger EA (2010) Protecting sleep, promoting health in later life: a randomized clinical trial. Psychosom Med 72(2):178–186PubMedCrossRef Reynolds CF 3rd, Serody L, Okun ML, Hall M, Houck PR, Patrick S, Maurer J, Bensasi S, Mazumdar S, Bell B, Nebes RD, Miller MD, Dew MA, Nofzinger EA (2010) Protecting sleep, promoting health in later life: a randomized clinical trial. Psychosom Med 72(2):178–186PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Richardson LC, Wingo PA, Zack MM, Zahran HS, King JB (2008) Health-related quality of life in cancer survivors between ages 20 and 64 years: population-based estimates from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Cancer 112(6):1380–1389PubMedCrossRef Richardson LC, Wingo PA, Zack MM, Zahran HS, King JB (2008) Health-related quality of life in cancer survivors between ages 20 and 64 years: population-based estimates from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Cancer 112(6):1380–1389PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Salihu HM, Bonnema SM, Alio AP (2009) Obesity: what is an elderly population growing into? Maturitas 63:7–12 Salihu HM, Bonnema SM, Alio AP (2009) Obesity: what is an elderly population growing into? Maturitas 63:7–12

go back to reference SAS Institute (2008) Base SAS 9.2 procedures guide: statistical procedures. SAS Institute, Cary SAS Institute (2008) Base SAS 9.2 procedures guide: statistical procedures. SAS Institute, Cary

go back to reference Schultes B, Schmid S, Peters A, Born J, Fehm HL (2005) Sleep loss and the development of diabetes: a review of current evidence. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 113(10):563–567PubMedCrossRef Schultes B, Schmid S, Peters A, Born J, Fehm HL (2005) Sleep loss and the development of diabetes: a review of current evidence. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 113(10):563–567PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Schuster DP (2009) Changes in physiology with increasing fat mass. Semin Pediatr Surg 18(3):126–135PubMedCrossRef Schuster DP (2009) Changes in physiology with increasing fat mass. Semin Pediatr Surg 18(3):126–135PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Spiegel K, Leproult R, Van Cauter E (1999) Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine function. Lancet 354(9188):1435–1439PubMedCrossRef Spiegel K, Leproult R, Van Cauter E (1999) Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine function. Lancet 354(9188):1435–1439PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Spiegel K, Leproult R, L’Hermite-Balériaux M, Copinschi G, Penev PD, Van Cauter E (2004a) Leptin levels are dependent on sleep duration: relationships with sympathovagal balance, carbohydrate regulation, cortisol, and thyrotropin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89(11):5762–5771PubMedCrossRef Spiegel K, Leproult R, L’Hermite-Balériaux M, Copinschi G, Penev PD, Van Cauter E (2004a) Leptin levels are dependent on sleep duration: relationships with sympathovagal balance, carbohydrate regulation, cortisol, and thyrotropin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89(11):5762–5771PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Spiegel K, Tasali E, Penev P, Van Cauter E (2004b) Brief communication: sleep curtailment in healthy young men is associated with decreased leptin levels, elevated ghrelin levels, and increased hunger and appetite. Ann Intern Med 141(11):846–850PubMed Spiegel K, Tasali E, Penev P, Van Cauter E (2004b) Brief communication: sleep curtailment in healthy young men is associated with decreased leptin levels, elevated ghrelin levels, and increased hunger and appetite. Ann Intern Med 141(11):846–850PubMed

go back to reference Spiegel K, Knutson K, Leproult R, Tasali E, Van Cauter E (2005) Sleep loss: a novel risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. J Appl Physiol 99(5):2008–2019PubMedCrossRef Spiegel K, Knutson K, Leproult R, Tasali E, Van Cauter E (2005) Sleep loss: a novel risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. J Appl Physiol 99(5):2008–2019PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Strine TW, Okoro CA, Chapman DP, Balluz LS, Ford ES, Ajani UA, Mokdad AH (2005) Health-related quality of life and health risk behaviors among smokers. Am J Prev Med 28(2):182–187PubMedCrossRef Strine TW, Okoro CA, Chapman DP, Balluz LS, Ford ES, Ajani UA, Mokdad AH (2005) Health-related quality of life and health risk behaviors among smokers. Am J Prev Med 28(2):182–187PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Tasali E, Leproult R, Spiegel K (2009) Reduced sleep duration or quality: relationships with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 51(5):381–391PubMedCrossRef Tasali E, Leproult R, Spiegel K (2009) Reduced sleep duration or quality: relationships with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 51(5):381–391PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Thomas A, Schüssler MN, Fischer JE, Terris DD (2009) Employees’ sleep duration and body mass index: potential confounders. Prev Med 48:467–470 Thomas A, Schüssler MN, Fischer JE, Terris DD (2009) Employees’ sleep duration and body mass index: potential confounders. Prev Med 48:467–470

go back to reference Ronksley PE, Hemmelgarn B, Heitman SJ, Hanly PJ, Faris PD, Quan H, Tsai WH (2009) Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with diabetes in sleepy subjects. Thorax 64:834–839 Ronksley PE, Hemmelgarn B, Heitman SJ, Hanly PJ, Faris PD, Quan H, Tsai WH (2009) Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with diabetes in sleepy subjects. Thorax 64:834–839

go back to reference Tuomilehto H, Peltonen M, Partinen M, Lavigne G, Eriksson JG, Herder C, Aunola S, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Ilanne-Parikka P, Uusitupa M, Tuomilehto J, Lindström J (2009) Sleep Duration, Lifestyle Intervention and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Impaired Glucose Tolerance. The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. Diabetes Care 32:1965–1971 Tuomilehto H, Peltonen M, Partinen M, Lavigne G, Eriksson JG, Herder C, Aunola S, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Ilanne-Parikka P, Uusitupa M, Tuomilehto J, Lindström J (2009) Sleep Duration, Lifestyle Intervention and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Impaired Glucose Tolerance. The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. Diabetes Care 32:1965–1971

go back to reference Ueno LM, Drager LF, Rodrigues AC, Rondon MU, Braga AM, Mathias W Jr, Krieger EM, Barretto AC, Middlekauff HR, Lorenzi-Filho G, Negrão CE (2009) Effects of exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure and sleep apnea. Sleep 32(5):637–647PubMed Ueno LM, Drager LF, Rodrigues AC, Rondon MU, Braga AM, Mathias W Jr, Krieger EM, Barretto AC, Middlekauff HR, Lorenzi-Filho G, Negrão CE (2009) Effects of exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure and sleep apnea. Sleep 32(5):637–647PubMed

go back to reference Van Cauter E, Holmback U, Knutson K, Leproult R, Miller A, Nedeltcheva A, Pannain S, Penev P, Tasali E, Spiegel K (2007) Impact of sleep and sleep loss on neuroendocrine and metabolic function. Horm Res 67(Suppl 1):2–9PubMedCrossRef Van Cauter E, Holmback U, Knutson K, Leproult R, Miller A, Nedeltcheva A, Pannain S, Penev P, Tasali E, Spiegel K (2007) Impact of sleep and sleep loss on neuroendocrine and metabolic function. Horm Res 67(Suppl 1):2–9PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Van Cauter E, Spiegel K, Tasali E, Leproult R (2008) Metabolic consequences of sleep and sleep loss. Sleep Med 9(Suppl 1):S23–S28PubMedCrossRef Van Cauter E, Spiegel K, Tasali E, Leproult R (2008) Metabolic consequences of sleep and sleep loss. Sleep Med 9(Suppl 1):S23–S28PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Watanabe M, Kikuchi H, Tanaka K, Takahashi M (2010) Association of short sleep duration with weight gain and obesity at 1-year follow-up: a large-scale prospective study. Sleep 33(2):161–167PubMed Watanabe M, Kikuchi H, Tanaka K, Takahashi M (2010) Association of short sleep duration with weight gain and obesity at 1-year follow-up: a large-scale prospective study. Sleep 33(2):161–167PubMed

go back to reference Williams CJ, Hu FB, Patel SR, Mantzoros CS (2007) Sleep duration and snoring in relation to biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk among women with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 30(5):1233–1240PubMedCrossRef Williams CJ, Hu FB, Patel SR, Mantzoros CS (2007) Sleep duration and snoring in relation to biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk among women with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 30(5):1233–1240PubMedCrossRef

go back to reference Youngstedt SD, Kline CE (2006) Epidemiology of exercise and sleep. Sleep Biol Rhythms 4:215–221CrossRef Youngstedt SD, Kline CE (2006) Epidemiology of exercise and sleep. Sleep Biol Rhythms 4:215–221CrossRef

go back to reference Yue HJ, Bardwell W, Ancoli-Israel S, Loredo JS, Dimsdale JE (2009) Arousal frequency is associated with increased fatigue in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath 13:331–339 Yue HJ, Bardwell W, Ancoli-Israel S, Loredo JS, Dimsdale JE (2009) Arousal frequency is associated with increased fatigue in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath 13:331–339

go back to reference Zizi F, Jean-Louis G, Brown CD, Ogedegbe G, Boutin-Foster C, McFarlane SI (2010) Sleep duration and the risk of diabetes mellitus: epidemiologic evidence and pathophysiologic insights. Curr Diab Rep 10(1):43–47PubMedCrossRef Zizi F, Jean-Louis G, Brown CD, Ogedegbe G, Boutin-Foster C, McFarlane SI (2010) Sleep duration and the risk of diabetes mellitus: epidemiologic evidence and pathophysiologic insights. Curr Diab Rep 10(1):43–47PubMedCrossRef