Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
The European Journal of Health Economics
Published in: The European Journal of Health Economics 3/2017

01-04-2017 | Original Paper

Cost of diabetic eye, renal and foot complications: a methodological review

Authors: Solène Schirr-Bonnans, Nadège Costa, Hélène Derumeaux-Burel, Jérémy Bos, Benoît Lepage, Valérie Garnault, Jacques Martini, Hélène Hanaire, Marie-Christine Turnin, Laurent Molinier

Published in: The European Journal of Health Economics | Issue 3/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Introduction

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) represent a public health and economic concern that may be assessed with cost-of-illness (COI) studies.

Objectives

(1) To review COI studies published between 2000 and 2015, about DR, DKD and DFU; (2) to analyse methods used.

Methods

Disease definition, epidemiological approach, perspective, type of costs, activity data sources, cost valuation, sensitivity analysis, cost discounting and presentation of costs may be described in COI studies. Each reviewed study was assessed with a methodological grid including these nine items.

Results

The five following items have been detailed in the reviewed studies: epidemiological approach (59 % of studies described it), perspective (75 %), type of costs (98 %), activity data sources (91 %) and cost valuation (59 %). The disease definition and the presentation of results were detailed in fewer studies (respectively 50 and 46 %). In contrast, sensitivity analysis was only performed in 14 % of studies and cost discounting in 7 %. Considering the studies showing an average cost per patient and per year with a societal perspective, DR cost estimates were US $2297 (range 5–67,486), DKD cost ranged from US $1095 to US $16,384, and DFU cost was US $10,604 (range 1444–85,718).

Discussion

This review reinforces the need to adequately describe the method to facilitate literature comparisons and projections. It also recalls that COI studies represent complementary tools to cost-effectiveness studies to help decision makers in the allocation of economic resources for the management of DR, DKD and DFU.
Literature
1.
2.
3.
4.
Adler, A.I., Stratton, I.M., Neil, A.W., Yudkin, J.S., Matthews, D.R., Cull, C.A., Wright, A.D., Turner, R.C., Holman RR on behalf of the UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group: Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study. BMJ 321, 412–419 (2000)CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
5.
6.
Assogba, G.F., Couchoud, C., Roudier, C., Pornet, C., Fosse, S., Romon, I., Druet, C., Stengel, B., Fagot-Campagna, A.: Prevalence, screening and treatment of chronic kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes in France: the ENTRED surveys (2001 and 2007). Diabetes Metab. 38(6), 558–566 (2012). doi:10.​1016/​j.​diabet.​2012.​08.​004. (Epub 2012 Oct 1) CrossRefPubMed
7.
Fagot-Campagna, A., Fosse S., Roudie, C., Romon, I., Penfornis, A., Lecomte, P., Bourdel-Marchasson, I., Chantry, M., Deligne, J., Fournier, C., Poutignat, N., Weill, A., Paumier, A., Eschwège, E. Pour le Comité scientifique d’Entred. Caractéristiques, risque vasculaire et complications chez les personnes diabétiques en France métropolitaine: d’importantes évolutions entre Entred 2001 et Entred 2007. Institut de Veille Sanitaire. BEH thématique 42–43 (2009)
8.
Chauchard, M.C., Schirr-Bonnans, S., Cressot-Guiraud, M.: DIABSAT, diabetes management by satellite. Soins. 785, 21–24 (2014)CrossRef
9.
10.
Barquer, S., Campos-Nonato, I., Aguilar-Salinas, C., Lopez-Ridaura, R., Arredondo, A., Rivera-Dommarco, J.: Diabetes in Mexico: cost and management of diabetes and its complications and challenges for health policy. Glob. Health 9, 3 (2013). doi:10.​1186/​1744-8603-9-3 CrossRef
11.
Bertoldi, A.D., Kanavos, P., Franca, G.V., Carraro, A., Tejada, C.A., Hallal, P.C., Ferrario, A., Schmidt, M.I.: Epidemiology management, complications and costs associated with type 2 diabetes in Brazil: a comprehensive literature review. Glob. Health 9, 62 (2013). doi:10.​1186/​1744-8603-9-62 CrossRef
12.
Caporale, J.E., Elgart, J.F., Gagliardino, J.J.: Diabetes in Argentina: cost and management of diabetes and its complications and challenges for health policy. Glob. Health 9, 54 (2013). doi:10.​1186/​1744-8603-9-54 CrossRef
13.
14.
Kruger, J., Brennan, A., Thokala, P., Basarir, H., Jacques, R., Elliott, J., Heller, S., Speight, J.: The cost-effectiveness of the dose adjustment for normal eating (DAFNE) structured education programme: an update using the Sheffield Type 1 Diabetes Policy Model. Diabet Med. 30(10), 1236–1244 (2013). doi:10.​1111/​dme.​12270 (Epub 2013 Aug 19) CrossRefPubMed
15.
Carpentier, B., Pradines, S., Benhamou, P.Y., Halimi, S.: Health costs associated with the diabetic foot in developed countries. A plea for the creation of health care networks. Diabetes Metab. 26(1), 75–80 (2000)PubMed
16.
17.
18.
Matricali, G.A., Dereymaeker, G., Muls, E., Flour, M., Mathieu, C.: Economic aspects of diabetic foot care in a multidisciplinary setting: a review. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 23(5), 339–347 (2007)CrossRefPubMed
19.
Ragnarson Tennvall, G., Apelqvist, J.: Health-economic consequences of diabetic foot lesions. Clin. Infect. Dis. 39(Suppl 2), S132–S139 (2004)CrossRefPubMed
20.
Palmer, A.J., Tucker, D.M., Valentine, W.J., Roze, S., Gabriel, S., Cordonnier, D.J.: Cost-effectiveness of irbesartan in diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review of published studies. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 20(6), 1103–1109 (2005) (Epub 2005 Apr 26) CrossRefPubMed
21.
Singh-Franco, D., McLaughlin-Middlekauff, J., Elrod, S., Harrington, C.: The effect of linagliptin on glycaemic control and tolerability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 14(8), 694–708 (2012). doi:10.​1111/​j.​1463-1326.​2012.​01586.​x (Epub 2012 Mar 20) CrossRefPubMed
22.
23.
Pagano, E., Brunetti, M., Tediosi, F., Garattini, L.: Costs of diabetes. A methodological analysis of the literature. Pharmacoeconomics. 15(6), 583–595 (1999)CrossRefPubMed
24.
Ettaro, L., Songer, T.J., Zhang, P., Engelgau, M.M.: Cost-of-illness studies in diabetes mellitus. Pharmacoeconomics. 22(3), 149–164 (2004)CrossRefPubMed
25.
Tarride, J.E., Hopkins, R., Blackhouse, G., Bowen, J.M., Bischof, M., Von Keyserlingk, C., O’Reilly, D., Xie, F., Goeree, R.: A review of methods used in long-term cost-effectiveness models of diabetes mellitus treatment. Pharmacoeconomics. 28(4), 255–277 (2010)CrossRefPubMed
26.
Ragnarson-Tennvall, G., Apelqvist, J.: Cost-effective management of diabetic foot ulcers. A review. Pharmacoeconomics. 12, 42–53 (1997)CrossRefPubMed
27.
Marissal, J.P., Gueron, B., Dervaux, B.: The cost of complications: implications for the measurement of the cost of type II diabetes mellitus. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 54, 137–147 (2006)CrossRefPubMed
28.
Leese B.: Economic evaluations of type II diabetes. Pharmacoeconomics. 8 suppl 1: 23–7 (1995)
29.
Drummond, M.F., Sculpher, M.J., Torrance, G.W., O’Brien, B.J., Stoddart, G.L.: Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes, 3rd edn. Oxford University Press
30.
Molinier, L., Bauvin, E., Combescure, C., Castelli, C., Rebillard, X., Soulié, M., Daurès, J.P., Grosclaude, P.: Methodological considerations in cost of prostate cancer studies: a systematic review. Value Health 11(5), 878–885 (2008)CrossRefPubMed
31.
Costa, N., Derumeaux, H., Rapp, T., Garnault, V., Ferlicoq, L., Gillette, S., Andrieu, S., Vellas, B., Lamure, M., Grand, A., Molinier, L.: Methodological considerations in cost of illness studies on Alzheimer disease. Health Econ Rev. 2(1), 18 (2012)CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
33.
34.
NKF KDOQI.: KDOQI Clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Part 4. Guideline 1. Definition and stages of chronic kidney disease. https://​www.​kidney.​org. [Online] [Cited: Aug 6, 2014].
35.
36.
Lipsky, B.A., Berendt, A.R., Cornia, P.B., Pile, J.C., Peters, E.J.G., Armstrong, D.G., Deery, H.G., Embil, J.M., Joseph, W.S., Karchmer, A.W., Pinzur, M.S., Senneville, E.: 2012 Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Clin. Infect. Diseases. 54(12), 132–173 (2012)CrossRef
37.
Lavery, L.A., Armstrong, D.G., Harkless, L.B.J.: Classification of diabetic foot wounds. Foot Ankle Surg. 35(6), 528–531 (1996)CrossRef
38.
Wagner, F.W., et al.: The diabetic foot. Orthopedics. 10(1), 163–172 (1987)PubMed
39.
40.
Posnett, J., Jan, S.: Indirect cost in economic evaluation: the opportunity cost of unpaid inputs. Health Econ. 5(1), 13–23 (1996)CrossRefPubMed
41.
Koopmanschap, M.A., van Ineveld, B.M.: Towards a new approach for estimating costs of disease. Soc. Sci. Med. 34(9), 1005–1010 (1992)CrossRefPubMed
42.
Koopmanchap, M.A., Rutten, F.F.: A practical guide for calculating indirect costs of disease. Pharmacoeconomics. 10, 460–466 (1996)CrossRef
43.
Hogdson, T.A., Meiners, M.R.: Cost of illness methodology: a guide to current practices and procedures. Milbank Mem Fund Q Health Soc. 60(3), 429–462 (1982)CrossRef
44.
Husereau, D., Drummond, M., Petrou, S., Carswell, C., Moher, D., Greenberg, D., Augustovski, F., Briggs, A.H., Mauskopf, J., Loder, E., ISPOR Health Economic Evaluation Publication Guidelines-CHEERS Good Reporting Practices Task Force: Consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards (CHEERS)—explanation and elaboration: a report of the ISPOR Health Economic Evaluation Publication Guidelines Good Reporting Practices Task Force. Value Health 16(2), 231–250 (2013). doi:10.​1016/​j.​jval.​2013.​02.​002 CrossRefPubMed
45.
Shea, A.M., Curtis, L.H., Hammill, B.G., Kowalski, J.W., Ravelo, A., Lee, P.P., Sloan, F.A., Schulman, K.A.: Resource use and costs associated with diabetic macular edema in elderly persons. Arch. Ophthalmol. 126(12), 1748–1754 (2008)CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
46.
Happich, M., Reitberger, U., Breitscheidel, L., Ulbig, M., Watkins, J.: The economic burden of diabetic retinopathy in Germany in 2002. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 246(1), 151–159 (2008)CrossRefPubMed
47.
Schmier, J.K., Covert, D.W., Lau, E.C., Matthews, G.P.: Medicare expenditure associated with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Retina. 29(2), 199–206 (2009)CrossRefPubMed
48.
Lee, L.J., Yu, A.P., Cahill, K.E., Oglesby, A.K., Tang, J., Qiu, Y., Birnbaum, H.G.: Direct and indirect costs among employees with diabetic retinopathy in the United States. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 24(5), 1549–1559 (2008)CrossRefPubMed
49.
Heintz, E., Wiréhn, A.B., Peebo, B.B., Rosenqvist, U., Levin, L.A.: Prevalence and healthcare costs of diabetic retinopathy: a population-based register study in Sweden. Diabetologia 53(10), 2147–2154 (2010)CrossRefPubMed
50.
Woung, L.C., Tsai, C.Y., Chou, H.K., Tsai, M.T., Tsai, W.H., Chou, P., Shen, S.T.: Healthcare costs associated with progressive diabetic retinopathy among National Health Insurance enrollees in Taiwan 2000–2004. BMC Health Serv. Res. 10, 136 (2010)CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
51.
Minassian, D.C., Owens, D.R., Reidy, A.: Prevalence of diabetic macular oedema and related health and social care resource use in England. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 96(3), 345–349 (2012)CrossRefPubMed
52.
Gonder, J.R., Walker, V.M., Barbeau, M., Zaour, N., Zachau, B.H., Hartje, J.R., Li, R.: Costs and quality of life in diabetic macular edema: Canadian burden of diabetic macular edema observational study (C-REALITY). J. Ophthalmol. 2014, 1–9, Art ID 939315 (2014). doi:10.​1155/​2014/​939315 CrossRef
53.
Ragnarson Tennvall, G., Apelqvist, J., Eneroth, M.: The inpatient care of patients with diabetes mellitus and foot ulcers. A validation study of the correspondence between medical records and the Swedish Inpatient Registry with the consequences for cost estimations. 5 248, 397–405 (2000)
54.
Harrington, C., Zagari, M.J., Corea, J., Klitenic, J.: A cost analysis of diabetic lower-extremity ulcers. Diabetes Care 23(9), 1333–1338 (2000)CrossRefPubMed
55.
Van Acker, K., Oleen-Burkey, M., De Decker, L., Vanmaele, R., Van Schil, P., Matricali, G., Dys, H., De Leeuw, I.: Cost and resource utilization for prevention and treatment of foot lesions in a diabetic foot clinic in Belgium. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 50(2), 87–95 (2000)CrossRefPubMed
56.
Shobhana, R., Rao, P.R., Lavanya, A., Vijay, V., Ramachandran, A.: Cost burden to diabetic patients with foot complications, a study from southern India. J Assoc Phys. Indi. 48(12), 1147–1150 (2000)
57.
Ragnarson-Tennvall, G., Apelqvist, J., Eneroth, M.: Costs of deep foot infections in patients with diabetes mellitus. Pharmacoeconomics. 18(3), 225–238 (2000)CrossRef
58.
Benotmane, A., Mohammedi, F., Ayad, F., Kadi, K., Medjbeur, S., Azzouz, A.: Management of diabetic foot lesions in hospital: costs and benefits. Diabetes Metab. 27(6), 688–694 (2001)PubMed
59.
Girod, I., Valensi, P., Laforêt, C., Moreau-Defarges, T., Guillon, P., Baron, F.: An economic evaluation of the cost of diabetic foot ulcers: results of a retrospective study on 239 patients. Diabetes Metab. 29(3), 269–277 (2003)CrossRefPubMed
60.
Smith, D., Cullen, M.J., Nolan, J.J.: The cost of managing diabetic foot ulceration in an Irish hospital. Ir J Med Sci. 173(2), 89–92 (2004)CrossRefPubMed
61.
Stockl, K., Vanderplas, A., Tafesse, E., Chang, E.: Costs of lower-extremity ulcers among patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 27(9), 2129–2134 (2004)CrossRefPubMed
62.
Siriwardana, H.D., Weerasekera, D.: The cost of diabetic foot conditions. Ceylon Med. J. 52(3), 89–91 (2007)PubMed
63.
Ali, S.M., Fareed, A., Humail, S.M., Basit, A., Ahmedani, M.Y., Fawwad, A., Miyan, Z.: The personal cost of diabetic foot disease in the developing world, a study from Pakistan. Diabet. Med. 25(10), 1231–1233 (2008)CrossRefPubMed
64.
Prompers, L., Huijberts, M., Schaper, N., Apelqvist, J., Bakker, K., Edmonds, M., Holstein, P., Jude, E., Jirkovska, A., Mauricio, D., Piaggesi, A., Reike, H., Spraul, M., Van Acker, K., Van Baal, S., Merode Van, F., Uccioli, L., Urbancic, V., Ragnarson-Tennvall, G.: Resource utilisation and costs associated with the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Prospective data from the Eurodiale Study. Diabetologia. 51(10), 1826–1834 (2008)CrossRefPubMed
65.
Rezende, K.F., Ferraz, M.B., Malerbi, D.A., Melo, N.H., Nunes, M.P., Pedrosa, H.C., Chacra, A.R.: Predicted annual costs for inpatients with diabetes and foot ulcers in a developing country—a simulation of the current situation in Brazil. Diabet. Med. 27(1), 109–112 (2010)CrossRefPubMed
66.
67.
Margolis, D.J., Malay, D.S., Hoffstad, O.J., Leonard, C.E., MaCurdy, T., Tan, Y., Molina, T., de Nava, K.L., Siegel, K.L.: Economic burden of diabetic foot ulcers and amputations: data Points #3. In: Data Points Publication Series [Internet]. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US), Rockville (2011)
68.
Shobhana, R., Rao, P.R., Lavanya, A., Vijay, V., Ramachandran, A.: Foot care economics—cost burden to diabetic patients with foot complications: a study from southern India. J. Assoc. Physicians India. 49, 530–533 (2001)PubMed
69.
70.
Hicks, C.W., Selvarajah, S., Mathioudakis, N., Perler, B.A., Freischlag, J.A., Black, J.H. 3rd, Abularrage, C.J.: Trends and determinants of costs associated with the inpatient care of diabetic foot ulcers. J. Vasc. Surg. 60(5), 1254.e1–1254.e2 (2014). doi:10.​1016/​j.​jvs.​2014.​05.​009 (Epub 2014 Jun 14)
71.
72.
73.
74.
Sondergaard, L.N., Christensen, A.B., Vinding, A.L., Kjær, I.L., Larsen, P.: Elevated costs and high one-year mortality in patients with diabetic foot ulcers after surgery. Dan. Med. J. 62(4), A5050 (2015)PubMed
75.
Gordois, A., Scuffham, P., Shearer, A., Oglesby, A.: The health care costs of diabetic nephropathy in the United States and the United Kingdom. J Diabetes Complic. 18(1), 18–26 (2004)CrossRef
76.
Joyce, A.T., Iacoviello, J.M., Nag, S., Sajjan, S., Jilinskaia, E., Throop, D., Pedan, A., Ollendorf, DA., Alexander, C.M.: End-stage renal disease-associated managed care costs among patients with and without diabetes. Diabetes Care. 27(12), 2829–2835 (2004)CrossRefPubMed
77.
Sandoz, M.S., Ess, S.M., Keusch, G.W., Schwenkglenks, M., Szucs, T.D.: Prevalence and direct medical costs of end-stage renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Switzerland for 2001. Swiss. Med. Wkly. 134(31–32), 448–458 (2004)PubMed
78.
Kamal-Bahl, S.J., Pantely, S., Pyenson, B., Alexander, C.M.: Employer-paid nonmedical costs for patients with diabetes and end-stage renal disease. Prev. Chronic Dis. 3, 3 (2006)
79.
80.
Laliberté, F., Bookhart, B.K., Vekeman, F., Corral, M., Duh, M.S., Bailey, R.A., Piech, C.T., Lefebvre, P.: Direct all-cause health care costs associated with chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes and hypertension: a managed care perspective. J Manag. Care Pharm. 15(4), 312–322 (2009)PubMed
81.
Foley, R.N., Collins, A.J.: The growing economic burden of diabetic kidney disease. Curr. Diab. Rep. 9(6), 460–465 (2009)CrossRefPubMed
82.
83.
Burke, J., Kovacs, B., Borton, L., Sander, S.: Health care utilization and costs in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their association with renal impairment. Postgrad. Med. 124(2), 77–91 (2012)CrossRefPubMed
84.
Vupputuri, S., Kimes, TM., Calloway, MO., Christian, J.B., Bruhn, D., Martin, A.A., Nichols, GA.: The economic burden of progressive chronic kidney disease among patients with type 2 diabetes. J. Diabetes Complicat. 28(1), 10–16 (2014). doi:10.​1016/​j.​jdiacomp.​2013.​09.​014 (Epub 2013 Oct 7) CrossRefPubMed
85.
Lithovius, R., Harjutsalo, V., Saraheimo, M., Forsblom, C., Groop, P.H.: Longitudinal trends in use and costs of prescription medication in patients with type 1 diabetes: the impact of renal disease. Ann Med. 45, 112–119 (2013)CrossRefPubMed
86.
McBrien, K.A., Manns, B.J., Chui, B., Klarenbach, S.W., Rabi, D., Ravani, P., Hemmelgarn, B., Wiebe, N., Au, F., Clement, F.: Health care costs in people with diabetes and their association with glycemic control and kidney function. Diabetes Care 36(5), 1172–1180 (2013). doi:10.​2337/​dc12-0862 (Epub 2012 Dec 13) CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
87.
88.
89.
Gold, M.R., Russel, L.B., Siegel, J.E., Daniels, N., Weinstein, M.C.: Cost effectiveness in health and medicine. JAMA 276(14), 1172–1177 (1996)CrossRefPubMed
90.
Nagurney, J.T., Brown, D.F., Sane, S., Weiner, J.B., Wang, A.C., Chang, Y.: The accuracy and completeness of data collected by prospective and retrospective methods. Acad. Emerg. Med. 12, 884–895 (2005)CrossRefPubMed
91.
St Peter, W.L., Liu, J., Weinhandl, E.D., Fan, Q.: Linking centers for Medicare and Medicaid services data with prospective DCOR trial data: methods and data comparison results. Hemodial. Int. 12, 480–491 (2008)CrossRefPubMed
92.
93.
Koopmanschap, M.A., Rutte, F., Van Inelveld, B.M., Van Roijen, L.: The friction cost method for measuring indirect costs of disease. J. Health Econ. 14, 171–189 (1995)CrossRefPubMed
94.
Doubilet, P., Begg, C.B., Weinstein, M.C., Braun, P., McNeil, B.J.: Probabilistic sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulation: a practical approach. Med. Decis. Mak. 5, 157–177 (1985)CrossRef
95.
96.
97.
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). OECD Home > Directorate for employment, labour and social affairs > Health policies and data > The diabetes epidemic and its impact on Europe. European Diabetes Leadership Forum, Copenhagen (2012). http://​www.​oecd.​org/​els/​health-systems/​50080632.​pdf. Accessed 10 Dec 2015
98.
Ricci P, Chantry M, Detournay B, Poutignat N, Kusnik-Joinville O, Raimond V, Thammavong N, Weill A. Pour le comité scientifique d’Entred. Analyse économique des soins des personnes traitées pour diabète (études Entred 2001 et 2007). Pratiques et Organisation des Soins. 41, 1–10 (2010–2011)
99.
American Diabetes Association: Economic costs of diabetes in the U.S. in 2012. Diabetes Care 36(4), 1033–1046 (2013). Epub 2013/03/08 CrossRefPubMedCentral
100.
O’Brien, J.A., Patrick, A.R., Caro, J.: Estimates of direct medical costs for microvascular and macrovascular complications resulting from type 2 diabetes mellitus in the United States in 2000. Clin Ther. 25(3), 1017–1038 (2003)CrossRefPubMed
101.
Ragnarson-Tennvall, G., Apelqvist, J.: Prevention of diabetes-related foot ulcers and amputations: a cost-utility analysis based on Markov model simulations. Diabetologia. 44(11), 2077–2087 (2001)CrossRefPubMed
102.
Ortegon, M.M., Redekop, W.K., Niessen, L.W.: Cost-effectiveness of prevention and treatment of the diabetic foot: a Markov analysis. Diabetes Care. 27(4), 901–907 (2004)CrossRefPubMed
103.
Postma, M.J., de Zeeuw, D.: The economic benefits of preventing end-stage renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 24(10), 2975–2983 (2009). doi:10.​1093/​ndt/​gfp352. (Epub 2009 Jul 15) CrossRefPubMed
104.
Palmer, A.J., Valentine, W.J., Chen, R., Mehin, N., Gabriel, S., Bregman, B., Rodby, R.A.: A health economic analysis of screening and optimal treatment of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension in the USA. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 23(4), 1216–1223 (2008). doi:10.​1093/​ndt/​gfn082 CrossRefPubMed
105.
Metadata
Title
Cost of diabetic eye, renal and foot complications: a methodological review
Authors
Solène Schirr-Bonnans
Nadège Costa
Hélène Derumeaux-Burel
Jérémy Bos
Benoît Lepage
Valérie Garnault
Jacques Martini
Hélène Hanaire
Marie-Christine Turnin
Laurent Molinier
Publication date
01-04-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
The European Journal of Health Economics / Issue 3/2017
Print ISSN: 1618-7598
Electronic ISSN: 1618-7601
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-016-0773-6

Other articles of this Issue 3/2017

The European Journal of Health Economics 3/2017 Go to the issue

Original Paper

Primary health care utilisation and its costs among middle-aged smokers

Editorial

Disruptive innovation and EU health policy

Original Paper

Making a distinction between the effect of initial stock and investment in health determinants

Original Paper

Economic crisis and suicides in Spain. Socio-demographic and regional variability

Original Paper

Analyzing disparity trends for health care insurance coverage among non-elderly adults in the US: evidence from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1993–2009

Original Paper

The role of time and risk preferences in adherence to physician advice on health behavior change