Published in:
01-01-2016 | Original Article
Photobiomodulation and eccentric exercise for Achilles tendinopathy: a randomized controlled trial
Published in: Lasers in Medical Science | Issue 1/2016
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Background
The common regime of eccentric exercise in use for Achilles tendinopathy is somewhat arduous and compliance issues can arise. This is the first study to investigate the effectiveness of a regime of fewer exercise sessions combined with photobiomodulation for the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy.
Methods
A double blind randomized controlled trial and intention-to-treat analysis were performed. Eighty participants, 18–65 years with Achilles tendinopathy and symptoms for longer than 3 months, were included in the trial. Participants randomized into one of four groups; 1 (Placebo + Ex Regime 1) or 2 (Laser + Ex Regime 1) or 3 (Placebo + Ex Regime 2) or 4 (Laser + Ex Regime 2). The primary outcome measure was the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) questionnaire. Outcomes were collected at baseline, week 4 and week 12.
Results
Sixteen participants were lost to follow-up at 12 weeks, 4 of which due to adverse reactions. As per intention to treat, missing data were imputed, 80 participants were included in the final analysis. For VISA-A at 12 weeks, group 4 achieved significant gains over the other 3 groups: group 1 (18.5 [9.1, 27.9]), group 2 (10.4 [1.5, 19.2]), group 3 (11.3 [3.0, 19.6]). There was a moderate effect size in favour of exercise twice per week (7.2 [−1.8, 16.2], ES .7).
Conclusions
Twice-daily exercise sessions are not necessary as equivalent results can be obtained with two exercise sessions per week. The addition of photobiomodulation as adjunct to exercise can bring added benefit.