Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Lasers in Medical Science 2/2007

01-06-2007 | Original article

Facial rejuvenation and light: our personal experience

Authors: Mario A. Trelles, Serge Mordon, R. Glen Calderhead

Published in: Lasers in Medical Science | Issue 2/2007

Login to get access

Abstract

The treatment of ageing skin remains a very hot topic, and many systems have been reported as having varying degrees of success. Nonablative lasers were developed to avoid the problematic and uncomfortable sequelae following laser ablative resurfacing, and while there was no downtime, there was also poor patient satisfaction. The same was true of the intense pulsed light systems. The use of different modalities in various combinations was found to offer much better results, however, such as a 595-nm pulsed dye laser followed by a 1,450-nm diode laser, and so on, all used at subablative thresholds. The recent entry of blue and infrared tunable plasma light and light-emitting diodes into the skin rejuvenation arena has attracted a great deal of attention. The authors suggest that no single modality can accomplish all the complex events required for effective skin rejuvenation, suggest that combination phototherapy is the best approach combined with an adjunctive epidermal care regimen, and demonstrate their development of this methodology.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Fitzpatrick RE, Goldman MP (1997) Resurfacing of photodamage of the neck using the Ultrapulse CO2 laser. Lasers Surg Med 21:33 Fitzpatrick RE, Goldman MP (1997) Resurfacing of photodamage of the neck using the Ultrapulse CO2 laser. Lasers Surg Med 21:33
2.
go back to reference Trelles MA, Pardo L, Trelles O, Vélez M, García-Solana L, Rigau J, Chamorro J (1999) Seguimiento comparativo clínico e histológico del rejuvenecimiento de la piel con láser Coherent y Sharplan. Cir Plást Ibero-Latinoam 25:33–44 Trelles MA, Pardo L, Trelles O, Vélez M, García-Solana L, Rigau J, Chamorro J (1999) Seguimiento comparativo clínico e histológico del rejuvenecimiento de la piel con láser Coherent y Sharplan. Cir Plást Ibero-Latinoam 25:33–44
3.
go back to reference Ross EV, Domankevitz Y, Skrobal M, Anderson R (1996) Effects of CO2 laser pulse duration on ablation and residual thermal damage: implications for skin resurfacing. Lasers Surg Med 19:123–129PubMedCrossRef Ross EV, Domankevitz Y, Skrobal M, Anderson R (1996) Effects of CO2 laser pulse duration on ablation and residual thermal damage: implications for skin resurfacing. Lasers Surg Med 19:123–129PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Goldman MP (1197) Techniques for erbium:YAG laser skin resurfacing: initial pearls from the first 100 patients. Dermatol Surg 23:1219–1225 Goldman MP (1197) Techniques for erbium:YAG laser skin resurfacing: initial pearls from the first 100 patients. Dermatol Surg 23:1219–1225
5.
go back to reference McDaniel DH, Ash K, Lord J, Newman J (1997) The erbium:YAG laser: a review and preliminary report on resurfacing of the face, neck and hands. Aesthetic Plast Surg 17:157–164 McDaniel DH, Ash K, Lord J, Newman J (1997) The erbium:YAG laser: a review and preliminary report on resurfacing of the face, neck and hands. Aesthetic Plast Surg 17:157–164
6.
go back to reference Alster TS (1999) Clinical and histologic evaluation of six erbium:YAG lasers for cutaneous resurfacing. Lasers Surg Med 24:315–320CrossRef Alster TS (1999) Clinical and histologic evaluation of six erbium:YAG lasers for cutaneous resurfacing. Lasers Surg Med 24:315–320CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Trelles MA, García-Solana L, Calderhead RG (1999) Skin resurfacing improved with a new dual wavelength Er:YAG/CO2 laser system: a comparative study. J Clin Laser Med Surg 17:99–104PubMed Trelles MA, García-Solana L, Calderhead RG (1999) Skin resurfacing improved with a new dual wavelength Er:YAG/CO2 laser system: a comparative study. J Clin Laser Med Surg 17:99–104PubMed
8.
go back to reference Ratner D, Viron A, Puvión-Dutilleul F, Puvion E (1998) Pilot ultrastructural evaluation of human preauricular skin before and after high-energy pulsed carbon dioxide laser treatment. Arch Dermatol 134:582–587PubMedCrossRef Ratner D, Viron A, Puvión-Dutilleul F, Puvion E (1998) Pilot ultrastructural evaluation of human preauricular skin before and after high-energy pulsed carbon dioxide laser treatment. Arch Dermatol 134:582–587PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Ross V, Grossman MC, Duke D, Grevelink JM (1997) Long-term results after CO2 laser skin resurfacing: a comparison of scanned and pulsed systems. J Am Acad Dermatol 37:709–718PubMedCrossRef Ross V, Grossman MC, Duke D, Grevelink JM (1997) Long-term results after CO2 laser skin resurfacing: a comparison of scanned and pulsed systems. J Am Acad Dermatol 37:709–718PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Goldberg D, Metzler C (1998) Skin resurfacing using a low-fluence Nd:YAG laser. J Cutan Laser Ther 1:23–27CrossRef Goldberg D, Metzler C (1998) Skin resurfacing using a low-fluence Nd:YAG laser. J Cutan Laser Ther 1:23–27CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Goldberg DJ, Silapunt S (2000) Q-switched Nd:YAG laser: rhytid improvement by non-ablative dermal remodelling. J Cutan Laser Ther 2:157–160PubMedCrossRef Goldberg DJ, Silapunt S (2000) Q-switched Nd:YAG laser: rhytid improvement by non-ablative dermal remodelling. J Cutan Laser Ther 2:157–160PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Grekin RC, Tope WD, Yarborough JM, Olhoffer IH, Lee PK et al (2000) Electrosurgical facial resurfacing. A prospective multicenter study of efficacy and safety. Arch Dermatol 136:1309–1316PubMedCrossRef Grekin RC, Tope WD, Yarborough JM, Olhoffer IH, Lee PK et al (2000) Electrosurgical facial resurfacing. A prospective multicenter study of efficacy and safety. Arch Dermatol 136:1309–1316PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Sadick NS, Trelles MA (2005) Nonablative wrinkle treatment of the face and neck using a combined diode laser and radiofrequency technology. Dermatol Surg 31:1695–1699PubMed Sadick NS, Trelles MA (2005) Nonablative wrinkle treatment of the face and neck using a combined diode laser and radiofrequency technology. Dermatol Surg 31:1695–1699PubMed
14.
go back to reference Nelson JS, Milner TE, Dave D et al (1998) Clinical study of nonablative laser treatment of facial rhytides. Lasers Surg Med 19(Suppl 9):150 Nelson JS, Milner TE, Dave D et al (1998) Clinical study of nonablative laser treatment of facial rhytides. Lasers Surg Med 19(Suppl 9):150
15.
go back to reference Menaker GM, Wrone DA, Williams RM, Moy RL (1999) Treatment of facial rhytids with a nonablative laser: a clinical and histological study. Dermatol Surg 25:440–444PubMedCrossRef Menaker GM, Wrone DA, Williams RM, Moy RL (1999) Treatment of facial rhytids with a nonablative laser: a clinical and histological study. Dermatol Surg 25:440–444PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Kelly KM, Nelson JS, Lask G et al (1999) Cryogen spray cooling in combination with nonablative laser treatment of facial rhytids. Arch Dermatol 135:691–694PubMedCrossRef Kelly KM, Nelson JS, Lask G et al (1999) Cryogen spray cooling in combination with nonablative laser treatment of facial rhytids. Arch Dermatol 135:691–694PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Goldberg DJ (1999) Non-ablative subsurface remodeling: clinical and histological evaluation of a 1320 nm Nd:YAG laser. J Cutan Laser Ther 1:153–157PubMedCrossRef Goldberg DJ (1999) Non-ablative subsurface remodeling: clinical and histological evaluation of a 1320 nm Nd:YAG laser. J Cutan Laser Ther 1:153–157PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Goldberg DJ (2000) Full-face nonablative dermal remodeling with a 1320 nm Nd:YAG laser. Dermatol Surg 26:915–918PubMedCrossRef Goldberg DJ (2000) Full-face nonablative dermal remodeling with a 1320 nm Nd:YAG laser. Dermatol Surg 26:915–918PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Trelles MA, Allones I, Luna R (2001) Facial rejuvenation with a nonablative 1320 nm Nd:YAG laser: a preliminary clinical and histologic evaluation. Dermatol Surg 27:111–116PubMedCrossRef Trelles MA, Allones I, Luna R (2001) Facial rejuvenation with a nonablative 1320 nm Nd:YAG laser: a preliminary clinical and histologic evaluation. Dermatol Surg 27:111–116PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Fournier N, Lagarde JM, Turlier V, Courrech L, Mordon S (2004) A 35-month profilometric and clinical evaluation of non-ablative remodeling using a 1540-nm Er:glass laser. J Cosmet Laser Ther 6(3):126–130PubMedCrossRef Fournier N, Lagarde JM, Turlier V, Courrech L, Mordon S (2004) A 35-month profilometric and clinical evaluation of non-ablative remodeling using a 1540-nm Er:glass laser. J Cosmet Laser Ther 6(3):126–130PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Mordon S, Lagarde JM, Vienne MP, Nocera T, Verriere F, Dahan S (2004) Ultrasound imaging demonstration of the improvement of non-ablative laser remodeling by concomitant daily topical application of 0.05% retinaldehyde. J Cosmet Laser Ther 6(1):5–9PubMedCrossRef Mordon S, Lagarde JM, Vienne MP, Nocera T, Verriere F, Dahan S (2004) Ultrasound imaging demonstration of the improvement of non-ablative laser remodeling by concomitant daily topical application of 0.05% retinaldehyde. J Cosmet Laser Ther 6(1):5–9PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Dahan S, Lagarde JM, Turlier V, Courrech L, Mordon S (2004) Treatment of neck lines and forehead rhytids with a nonablative 1540-nm Er:glass laser: a controlled clinical study combined with the measurement of the thickness and the mechanical properties of the skin. Dermatol Surg 30(6):872–879 (discussion 879–880)PubMedCrossRef Dahan S, Lagarde JM, Turlier V, Courrech L, Mordon S (2004) Treatment of neck lines and forehead rhytids with a nonablative 1540-nm Er:glass laser: a controlled clinical study combined with the measurement of the thickness and the mechanical properties of the skin. Dermatol Surg 30(6):872–879 (discussion 879–880)PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Fournier N, Dahan S, Barneon G, Rouvrais C, Diridollou S, Lagarde JM, Mordon S (2002) Nonablative remodeling: a 14-month clinical ultrasound imaging and profilometric evaluation of a 1540 nm Er:Glass laser. Dermatol Surg 28(10):926–931PubMedCrossRef Fournier N, Dahan S, Barneon G, Rouvrais C, Diridollou S, Lagarde JM, Mordon S (2002) Nonablative remodeling: a 14-month clinical ultrasound imaging and profilometric evaluation of a 1540 nm Er:Glass laser. Dermatol Surg 28(10):926–931PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Fournier N, Dahan S, Barneon G, Diridollou S, Lagarde JM, Gall Y, Mordon S (2001) Nonablative remodeling: clinical, histologic, ultrasound imaging, and profilometric evaluation of a 1540 nm Er:glass laser. Dermatol Surg 27(9):799–806PubMedCrossRef Fournier N, Dahan S, Barneon G, Diridollou S, Lagarde JM, Gall Y, Mordon S (2001) Nonablative remodeling: clinical, histologic, ultrasound imaging, and profilometric evaluation of a 1540 nm Er:glass laser. Dermatol Surg 27(9):799–806PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Alster TS (1995) Improvement of erythematous and hypertrophic scars by the 585 nm pulsed dye laser. Ann Plast Surg 32:186–190CrossRef Alster TS (1995) Improvement of erythematous and hypertrophic scars by the 585 nm pulsed dye laser. Ann Plast Surg 32:186–190CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Zelickson BD, Kilmer SL, Bernstein E, Chotzen VA, Dock J et al (1999) Pulsed dye laser therapy for sun-damaged skin. Lasers Surg Med 25:229–236PubMedCrossRef Zelickson BD, Kilmer SL, Bernstein E, Chotzen VA, Dock J et al (1999) Pulsed dye laser therapy for sun-damaged skin. Lasers Surg Med 25:229–236PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Bjerring P, Clement M, Heickendorf L, Egevist H, Kiernan M (2000) Selective non-ablative wrinkle reduction by laser. J Cutan Laser Ther 2:9–15PubMedCrossRef Bjerring P, Clement M, Heickendorf L, Egevist H, Kiernan M (2000) Selective non-ablative wrinkle reduction by laser. J Cutan Laser Ther 2:9–15PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Trelles MA, Allones I, Velez M (2003) Non-ablative facial skin photorejuvenation with an intense pulsed light system and adjunctive epidermal care. Lasers Med Sci 18:104–111PubMedCrossRef Trelles MA, Allones I, Velez M (2003) Non-ablative facial skin photorejuvenation with an intense pulsed light system and adjunctive epidermal care. Lasers Med Sci 18:104–111PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Goldman MP, Weiss RA, Weiss MA (2005) Intense pulsed light as a nonablative approach to photoaging. Dermatol Surg 231:1179–1187 Goldman MP, Weiss RA, Weiss MA (2005) Intense pulsed light as a nonablative approach to photoaging. Dermatol Surg 231:1179–1187
30.
go back to reference Negishi K, Kushikata N, Tezuka Y, Takeuchi K, Miyamoto E, Wakamatsu S (2004) Study of the incidence and nature of “very subtle epidermal melasma” in relation to intense pulsed light treatment. Dermatol Surg 30:881–886PubMedCrossRef Negishi K, Kushikata N, Tezuka Y, Takeuchi K, Miyamoto E, Wakamatsu S (2004) Study of the incidence and nature of “very subtle epidermal melasma” in relation to intense pulsed light treatment. Dermatol Surg 30:881–886PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Whelan HT, Buchmann EV, Dhokalia A, Kane MP, Whelan NT, Wong-Riley MT, Eells JT, Gould LJ, Hammamieh R, Das R, Jett M (2003) Effect of NASA light-emitting diode irradiation on molecular changes for wound healing in diabetic mice. J Clin Laser Med Surg 21:67–74PubMedCrossRef Whelan HT, Buchmann EV, Dhokalia A, Kane MP, Whelan NT, Wong-Riley MT, Eells JT, Gould LJ, Hammamieh R, Das R, Jett M (2003) Effect of NASA light-emitting diode irradiation on molecular changes for wound healing in diabetic mice. J Clin Laser Med Surg 21:67–74PubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Russell BA, Kellett N, Reilly LR (2005) A study to determine the efficacy of combination LED light therapy (633 nm and 830 nm) in facial skin rejuvenation. J Cosmet Laser Ther 7:196–200PubMedCrossRef Russell BA, Kellett N, Reilly LR (2005) A study to determine the efficacy of combination LED light therapy (633 nm and 830 nm) in facial skin rejuvenation. J Cosmet Laser Ther 7:196–200PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Fournier N, Fritz K, Mordon S (2006) Use of non thermal blue (405- to 420-nm) and near-infrared light (850- to 900-nm) dual-wavelength system in combination with glycolic acid peels and topical vitamin C for skin photorejuvenation. Dermatol Surg 32(9):1140–1146PubMedCrossRef Fournier N, Fritz K, Mordon S (2006) Use of non thermal blue (405- to 420-nm) and near-infrared light (850- to 900-nm) dual-wavelength system in combination with glycolic acid peels and topical vitamin C for skin photorejuvenation. Dermatol Surg 32(9):1140–1146PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Karu TI, Kolyakov SF (2005) Exact action spectra for cellular responses relevant to phototherapy. Photomed Laser Surg 23:355–361PubMedCrossRef Karu TI, Kolyakov SF (2005) Exact action spectra for cellular responses relevant to phototherapy. Photomed Laser Surg 23:355–361PubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Lavi R, Shainberg A, Friedmann H, Shneyvays V, Rickover O, Eichler M, Kaplan D, Lubart R (2003) Low energy visible light induces reactive oxygen species generation and stimulates an increase of intracellular calcium concentration in cardiac cells. J Biol Chem 278:40917–40922PubMedCrossRef Lavi R, Shainberg A, Friedmann H, Shneyvays V, Rickover O, Eichler M, Kaplan D, Lubart R (2003) Low energy visible light induces reactive oxygen species generation and stimulates an increase of intracellular calcium concentration in cardiac cells. J Biol Chem 278:40917–40922PubMedCrossRef
36.
37.
go back to reference Karu TI (1998) Basics of the action of visible and near infrared radiation on cells. In: Karu TI (ed) Science of low power laser therapy. Taylor and Francis, London, pp 1–34 Karu TI (1998) Basics of the action of visible and near infrared radiation on cells. In: Karu TI (ed) Science of low power laser therapy. Taylor and Francis, London, pp 1–34
38.
go back to reference Trelles MA, Allones I, Levy JL, Calderhead RG, Moreno-Arias GA (2004) Combined nonablative skin rejuvenation with the 595- and 1450-nm lasers. Dermatol Surg 30:1292–1298PubMedCrossRef Trelles MA, Allones I, Levy JL, Calderhead RG, Moreno-Arias GA (2004) Combined nonablative skin rejuvenation with the 595- and 1450-nm lasers. Dermatol Surg 30:1292–1298PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Bitter PH (2000) Noninvasive rejuvenation of photoaged skin using serial, full-face intense pulsed light treatments. Dermatol Surg 26:835–843PubMedCrossRef Bitter PH (2000) Noninvasive rejuvenation of photoaged skin using serial, full-face intense pulsed light treatments. Dermatol Surg 26:835–843PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Souil E, Capon A, Mordon S, Xuan ATD, Polla B, Bachelet M (2001) Treatment with 815 nm diode laser induces long-lasting 2-kDa heat shock protein expression in normal rat skin. Br J Dermatol 144:260–266PubMedCrossRef Souil E, Capon A, Mordon S, Xuan ATD, Polla B, Bachelet M (2001) Treatment with 815 nm diode laser induces long-lasting 2-kDa heat shock protein expression in normal rat skin. Br J Dermatol 144:260–266PubMedCrossRef
41.
go back to reference Welch WJ (1992) Mammalian stress response: cell physiology, structure/function of stress proteins, and implications for medicine and disease. Physiol Rev 72:1063–1081PubMed Welch WJ (1992) Mammalian stress response: cell physiology, structure/function of stress proteins, and implications for medicine and disease. Physiol Rev 72:1063–1081PubMed
42.
go back to reference Trelles M, Allones I, Velez M, Mordon S (2004) Nd:YAG laser combined with IPL treatment improves clinical results in non-ablative photorejuvenation. J Cosmet Laser Ther 6:69–78PubMedCrossRef Trelles M, Allones I, Velez M, Mordon S (2004) Nd:YAG laser combined with IPL treatment improves clinical results in non-ablative photorejuvenation. J Cosmet Laser Ther 6:69–78PubMedCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Clement M, Daniel G, Trelles MA (2005) Optimising the design of a broad-band light source for the treatment of skin. J Cosmet Laser Ther 7:177–189PubMedCrossRef Clement M, Daniel G, Trelles MA (2005) Optimising the design of a broad-band light source for the treatment of skin. J Cosmet Laser Ther 7:177–189PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Ross EV (2006) Laser versus intense pulsed light: competing technologies in dermatology. Lasers Surg Med 38(4):261–272PubMedCrossRef Ross EV (2006) Laser versus intense pulsed light: competing technologies in dermatology. Lasers Surg Med 38(4):261–272PubMedCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Goldberg DJ, Russell BA (2006) Combination blue (415 nm) and red (633 nm) LED phototherapy in the treatment of mild to severe acne vulgaris. J Cosmet Laser Ther 8:71–75PubMedCrossRef Goldberg DJ, Russell BA (2006) Combination blue (415 nm) and red (633 nm) LED phototherapy in the treatment of mild to severe acne vulgaris. J Cosmet Laser Ther 8:71–75PubMedCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Whelan HT, Smits RL, Buchmann EV et al (2001) Effect of NASA light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation on wound healing. J Clin Laser Med Surg 19:305–314PubMedCrossRef Whelan HT, Smits RL, Buchmann EV et al (2001) Effect of NASA light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation on wound healing. J Clin Laser Med Surg 19:305–314PubMedCrossRef
47.
go back to reference Lee WL, Shalita AR, Poh-Fitzpatrick MB (1978) Comparative studies of porphyrins production in Propionibacterium acnes and Propionibacterium granulosum. J Bacteriol 133:811–815PubMed Lee WL, Shalita AR, Poh-Fitzpatrick MB (1978) Comparative studies of porphyrins production in Propionibacterium acnes and Propionibacterium granulosum. J Bacteriol 133:811–815PubMed
48.
go back to reference Shnitkind E, Yaping E, Geen S, Lee WL, Shalita A (2000) Anti inflammatory properties of narrow band blue light. J Invest Dermatol 114:749 (Abstracts for the 61st Annual Meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology)CrossRef Shnitkind E, Yaping E, Geen S, Lee WL, Shalita A (2000) Anti inflammatory properties of narrow band blue light. J Invest Dermatol 114:749 (Abstracts for the 61st Annual Meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology)CrossRef
49.
go back to reference Frank S, Oliver L, Lebreton-De Coster C, Moreau C, Lecabellec MT, Michel L, Vallette FM, Dubertret L, Coulomb B (2004) Infrared radiation affects the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in human fibroblasts. J Invest Dermatol 123:823–831PubMedCrossRef Frank S, Oliver L, Lebreton-De Coster C, Moreau C, Lecabellec MT, Michel L, Vallette FM, Dubertret L, Coulomb B (2004) Infrared radiation affects the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in human fibroblasts. J Invest Dermatol 123:823–831PubMedCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Menezes S, Coulomb B, Lebreton C, Dubertret L (1998) Non-coherent near infrared radiation protects normal human dermal fibroblasts from solar ultraviolet toxicity. J Invest Dermatol 111:629–633PubMedCrossRef Menezes S, Coulomb B, Lebreton C, Dubertret L (1998) Non-coherent near infrared radiation protects normal human dermal fibroblasts from solar ultraviolet toxicity. J Invest Dermatol 111:629–633PubMedCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Applegate LA, Scaletta C, Panizzon R, Frenk E (1998) Evidence that ferritin is UV inducible in human skin: part of a putative defense mechanism. J Invest Dermatol 111:159–163PubMedCrossRef Applegate LA, Scaletta C, Panizzon R, Frenk E (1998) Evidence that ferritin is UV inducible in human skin: part of a putative defense mechanism. J Invest Dermatol 111:159–163PubMedCrossRef
52.
go back to reference Orino K, Lehman L, Tsuji Y, Ayaki H, Torti SV, Torti FM (2001) Ferritin and the response to oxidative stress. Biochem J 357:241–247PubMedCrossRef Orino K, Lehman L, Tsuji Y, Ayaki H, Torti SV, Torti FM (2001) Ferritin and the response to oxidative stress. Biochem J 357:241–247PubMedCrossRef
53.
go back to reference Lask G, Fournier N, Trelles M, Elman M, Scheflan M, Slatkine M, Naimark J, Harth Y (2005) The utilization of nonthermal blue (405–425 nm) and near infrared (850–890 nm) light in aesthetic dermatology and surgery—a multicenter study. J Cosmet Laser Ther 7:163–170PubMedCrossRef Lask G, Fournier N, Trelles M, Elman M, Scheflan M, Slatkine M, Naimark J, Harth Y (2005) The utilization of nonthermal blue (405–425 nm) and near infrared (850–890 nm) light in aesthetic dermatology and surgery—a multicenter study. J Cosmet Laser Ther 7:163–170PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Facial rejuvenation and light: our personal experience
Authors
Mario A. Trelles
Serge Mordon
R. Glen Calderhead
Publication date
01-06-2007
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Lasers in Medical Science / Issue 2/2007
Print ISSN: 0268-8921
Electronic ISSN: 1435-604X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-006-0418-6

Other articles of this Issue 2/2007

Lasers in Medical Science 2/2007 Go to the issue