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Open Access 01-02-2019 | Original Article

Utility of serological biomarkers for giant cell arteritis in a large cohort of treatment-naïve patients

Authors: Blaž Burja, Julia Feichtinger, Katja Lakota, Gerhard G. Thallinger, Snezna Sodin-Semrl, Tadeja Kuret, Žiga Rotar, Rok Ješe, Polona Žigon, Saša Čučnik, Polonca Mali, Sonja Praprotnik, Matija Tomšič, Alojzija Hočevar

Published in: Clinical Rheumatology | Issue 2/2019

Abstract

Early diagnosis and treatment of giant cell arteritis (GCA) is crucial for preventing ischemic complications. Multiple serological markers have been identified; however, there is a distinct lack of predicting markers for GCA relapse and complications. Our main objective was to identify serological parameters in a large cohort of treatment-naïve GCA patients, which could support clinicians in evaluating the course of the disease. Clinical data was gathered, along with analyte detection using Luminex technology, ELISA, and nephelometry, among others. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis of analyte profiles were performed to determine delineation of GCA patients and healthy blood donors (HBDs). Highest, significantly elevated analytes in GCA patients were SAA (83-fold > HBDs median values), IL-23 (58-fold), and IL-6 (11-fold). Importantly, we show for the first time significantly changed levels of MARCO, alpha-fetoprotein, protein C, resistin, TNC, TNF RI, M-CSF, IL-18, and IL-31 in GCA versus HBDs. Changes in levels of SAA, CRP, haptoglobin, ESR, MMP-1 and MMP-2, and TNF-alpha were found associated with relapse and visual disturbances. aCL IgG was associated with limb artery involvement, even following adjustment for multiple testing. Principal component analysis revealed clear delineation between HBDs and GCA patients. Our study reveals biomarker clusters in a large cohort of patients with GCA and emphasizes the importance of using groups of serological biomarkers, such as acute phase proteins, MMPs, and cytokines (e.g. TNF-alpha) that could provide crucial insight into GCA complications and progression, leading to a more personalized disease management.

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Title: Utility of serological biomarkers for giant cell arteritis in a large cohort of treatment-naïve patients
Authors: Blaž Burja
Julia Feichtinger
Katja Lakota
Gerhard G. Thallinger
Snezna Sodin-Semrl
Tadeja Kuret
Žiga Rotar
Rok Ješe
Polona Žigon
Saša Čučnik
Polonca Mali
Sonja Praprotnik
Matija Tomšič
Alojzija Hočevar
Publication date: 01-02-2019
Publisher: Springer London
Published in: Clinical Rheumatology / Issue 2/2019
Print ISSN: 0770-3198
Electronic ISSN: 1434-9949
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4240-x

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