Published in:
Open Access
01-09-2017 | Review
Elimination diets’ efficacy and mechanisms in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder
Authors:
Verena Ly, Marco Bottelier, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Alejandro Arias Vasquez, Jan K. Buitelaar, Nanda N. Rommelse
Published in:
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
|
Issue 9/2017
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Abstract
Nutrition plays an important role in neurodevelopment. This insight has led to increasing research into the efficacy of nutrition-related interventions for treating neurodevelopmental disorders. This review discusses an elimination diet as a treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder, with a focus on the efficacy of the food additives exclusion diet, gluten-free/casein-free diet and oligoantigenic diet. Furthermore, we discuss the potential mechanisms of elimination diets’ effects in these neurodevelopmental disorders. The main candidate mechanism is the microbiome–gut–brain axis possibly involving complex interactions between multiple systems, including the metabolic, immune, endocrine, and neural system. We conclude with practical implications and future directions into the investigation of an elimination diet’s efficacy in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder.